By: Rabindranath Jana
Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia 721657
This roadmap on Nanotechnology for Catalysis and Solar Energy Conversion focuses on the
application of nanotechnology in addressing the current challenges of energy conversion: ‘high
efficiency, stability, safety, and the potential for low-cost/scalable manufacturing.
Solar-to-fuel conversion involves using nanotechnology to improve the efficiency and effectiveness
of converting solar energy into chemical fuels. Solar Water Splitting Nanotechnology is applied to
enhance the process of splitting water into hydrogen and oxygen using solar energy. Solar
Photovoltaics The roadmap covers various types of solar cells, including dye-sensitized solar cells
(DSSCs), perovskite solar cells, and organic photovoltaics, with a focus on improving their
efficiency and cost-effectiveness. Bio-Catalysis Nanotechnology is explored for enhancing
enzymatic reactions for bio-catalysis, which can be valuable for renewable energy applications. The
smart engineering of materials and electrodes at the nanoscale is expected to improve the efficiency
of solar-to-fuel conversion. Semiconductor Nanoparticles are discussed to enhance solar energy
conversion, particularly in the context of DSSCs. Rapid advancements in perovskite solar cells are
mentioned, including new ideas for 2D and 3D hybrid halide perovskites. Multiple Exciton
Generation (MEG) from hot carriers, is introduced as a potential way to significantly boost
photovoltaic efficiency by exploiting the quantization effects in semiconductor nanostructures like
quantum dots, wires, or wells. Nanoscale Characterization Methods recognizes the importance of
improving methods for characterizing nanoscale materials. Terahertz spectroscopy is highlighted as
an example of a technique that can overcome the challenges associated with nanoscale materials
characterization. Computational Science is the Computational frameworks and machine learning
methods are emphasized as tools to predict structure-property relationships in materials and devices.
An emphasis is placed on organic photovoltaics in this context. The “Electrochemical Leaf” is a
concept is introduced as an innovation in electrochemistry and beyond, potentially contributing to
advancements in various areas of science and technology. Biohybrid Approaches mentions that
efficient and specific enzyme catalysts can be combined with nanomaterials for biohybrid
approaches, offering unique possibilities for renewable energy applications. The goal of this
research is to advance nanotechnology in catalysis and solar energy conversion to provide
significant benefits to society, including more efficient and cost-effective renewable
energy solutions.
Citation:
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