By: Neha Sahu and Rizwan Arif
1Research Scholar, Department of Chemistry School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Lingaya’s, Vidyapeeth, Faridabad, Hariyana.
2Assistant Professor, Department of Chemistry School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Lingaya’s, Vidyapeeth, Faridabad, Hariyana.
The advent of conductive polymers has heralded a new era in the development of flexible electronics, offering a unique blend of mechanical flexibility and electronic functionality. This paper explores the various fabrication techniques employed in the production of conductive polymers, with a particular focus on their application in flexible electronic devices. Key methods such as chemical vapor deposition, solution processing, and electrochemical polymerization are reviewed in detail, highlighting their advantages and limitations in terms of scalability, cost, and material properties. The performance of conductive polymers is critically analyzed, considering parameters such as electrical conductivity, mechanical durability, thermal stability, and environmental resilience. Emphasis is placed on the relationship between polymer structure and electronic performance, including the role of molecular weight, doping level, and morphological control. Advances in enhancing the conductivity and flexibility of these polymers through composite formation, nano-structuring, and novel doping techniques are discussed. Furthermore, the integration of conductive polymers into various flexible electronic devices, including organic transistors, sensors, and wearable technologies, is examined. Case studies showcasing successful implementations and performance benchmarks are presented to provide a comprehensive understanding of current capabilities and future potential. The paper concludes with a discussion on the challenges and future directions in the field, emphasizing the need for interdisciplinary research and innovation to overcome existing limitations and fully realize the potential of conductive polymers in flexible electronics. This includes addressing issues related to long term stability, biocompatibility, and large-scale manufacturing, paving the way for the next generation of smart, flexible electronic systems. The results highlight how crucial it is to refine the manufacturing processes in order to improve the conductive polymer-based flexible electronics’ scalability and performance.
Citation:
Refrences:
1. J. Liu, Y. Song, and Y. Xu, “Recent advances in conductive polymers for flexible electronics,”,Journal of Polymer Science, vol. 58, no. 5, pp. 789–810, 2021.
2. B. Wessling, “Electrochemical polymerization: techniques and applications,” Electrochimica Acta, vol. 196, pp. 96–112, 2018. the
3. T. Le, H. Pham, S. Mai et al., Frontier academic research, industrial R&D and technological progress:Â case of OECD countries. Technovation 114, 102436 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.technovation.2021.102436
4. C. Liu, Artificial intelligence interactive design system based on digital multimedia technology. J. Sens. 2022, 4679066 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/4679066
5. M. Segal, How automation is changing work. Nature 563(7733), 132–135 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-018-07501-y
6. J. Varajo, L. Magalhães, L. Freitas et al., Implementing success management in an IT project. Procedia Comput. Sci. 138, 891–898 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2018.10.116
7. X. Lu, S. Zhang, X. Chen et al., Ultrasensitive, high-dynamic-range and broadband strain sensing by time-of-flight detection with femtosecond-laser frequency combs. Sci. Rep. 7(1), 13305 (2017).
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-13738-w
8. M. Nie, H. Yun et al., A flexible and highly sensitive graphene-based strain sensor for structural health monitoring. Clust. Comput. 22, 8217–8224 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10586-018 1727-9
9. Y.Q. Li, P. Huang, W.B. Zhu et al., Flexible wire-shaped strain sensor from cotton thread for human health and motion detection. Sci. Rep. 7, 45013 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1038/srep45013
10. L. Yan, H. Yan, F. Jian, Research progress on applications of machine learning in flexible strain sensors in the context of material https://doi.org/10.13475/j.fzxb.20221105502 intelligence. J. Tex
11. Q. Hua, J. Sun, H. Liu et al., Skin-inspired highly stretchable and conformable matrix networks for multifunctional sensing. Nat. Commun. 9, 244 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-017-02685 9 ACS
12. J. Zhou, H. Hu et al., Ultrasensitive, stretchable strain sensors based on fragmented carbon nanotube papers. Appl. Mater. Interfaces 9(5), 4835–4842 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.6b15195
13. T. Naficy, A. Spinks, A. Tan et al., Conductive polymers: opportunities and challenges in biomedical applications. Chem. Rev. 118, 6766 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00275
14. Z. Wang, J. Chen, Y. Cong et al., Ultra stretchable strain sensors and arrays with high sensitivity and linearity based on super tough conductive hydrogels. Chem. Mater. 30(21), 8062–8069 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.8b03999
15. S.J. Shayeh, M. Sadeghinia, S.O.R. Siadat et al., A novel route for electrosynthesis of CuCr2O4 nanocomposite with p-type conductive polymer as a high-performance material for electrochemical supercapacitors. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 496, 401–406 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2017.02.010
16. S. Zhao, D. Lou, G. Li et al., Bridging the segregated structure in conductive polypropylene composites: an effective strategy to balance the sensitivity and stability of strain sensing performances. Compos. Sci. Technol. 163, 18–25 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compscitech.2018.05.006
17. K. Grigoriou, R.B. Ladani, A.P. Mouritz, Electrical properties of multifunctional Z-pinned sandwich composites. Compos. Sci. Technol. 170, 60–69 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compscitech.2018.11.030
18. Ren, J. Wang, L. Yang, X. Li, Research progress of conductive polymer composites for resistive flexible strain sensors. Mater. Rep. 34(1), 1080–1094 (2020). https://doi.org/10.11896/cldb.19100229
19. G. Ruyue, B. Yan, Research progress on wearable piezoresistive strain sensors based on two dimensional conductive materials/flexible polymer composites. Fine Chem. 38, 4 (2021).
20. H. Chen, F. Zhuo, J. Zhou et al., Advances in graphene-based flexible and wearable strain sensors. Chem. Eng. J. 464, 142576 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2023.142576
