By: Reshu Chauhan and Ajay Singh
Biopesticides, which are commonly employed to combat harmful phytopathogens, are derived products made from living microbes, including plants, animals, fungi, bacteria, viruses, and minerals, as well as their bioproducts. In contrast to synthetic fungicides, the use of biopesticides in agricultural fields is a more cost-effective, environmentally safe, and target-specific method due to their biodegradability and environmental safety. Trichoderma spp.-based biofungicides are currently regarded as the most promising and dominant commercial biofungicide in the global biopesticide market, outside of all the various biocontrol agents (BCAs) used worldwide. Available in various formulations, Trichoderma-based biopesticides account for over 60% of all fungal-based BCAs. The reason for its increased popularity is biocontrol mechanisms, which include competition, antibiosis, colonization, direct mycoparasitism, and more. These mechanisms are used to combat a variety of phytopathogens, including those that are foliar (Phyllactinia, Colletotrichum, Cladosporium spp.), post-harvest (Penicillium, Aspergillus, Rhizopus, Botrytis spp.), and soil (Sclerotium, Rhizoctonia, Fusarium, Macrophomina, Phytophthora spp.). We have covered the rationale behind Trichoderma sp.’s widespread use as a BCA and its market domination in the world of biofungicides in this chapter. Although chemical fungicides are still widely employed to prevent Fusarium wilt in chrysanthemum plants, they are no longer regarded as environmentally beneficial. To lessen the usage of chemical fungicides, bio-fungicides are one of the greatest substitutes
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