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By: Pathan Muskan Ibrahim, Shaikh A. Hakim A. Razzaque, Heena T Shaikh, and Dr. Kazi Kutubuddin Sayyad Liyakat.
Brahmdevdada Mane Institute of Technology, Solapur, Maharashtra, India
Radar antennas are the critical interface between the electronic heart of a radar system and the
electromagnetic waves that probe the environment, acting as the system’s “eyes and ears.” Their
design is a multi-faceted engineering challenge, inherently balancing often-conflicting
requirements to optimize performance across incredibly diverse applications – from long-range
surveillance and air traffic control to autonomous vehicle sensing and precise weather
forecasting. This abstract introduces the fundamental principles and intricate considerations
governing radar antenna design, exploring the evolution from traditional parabolic reflectors and
horn antennas to the sophisticated agility of planar arrays and cutting-edge Active Electronically
Scanned Arrays (AESAs). It highlights key performance metrics such as gain, beamwidth,
sidelobe levels, polarization purity, and bandwidth, alongside the perpetual quest for
miniaturization, multi-functionality, and enhanced power efficiency. The paper emphasizes how
advancements in material science, computational electromagnetics, and sophisticated
beamforming techniques are continually pushing the boundaries of what is possible, enabling
radars with unprecedented spatial resolution, clutter rejection, and target discrimination
capabilities. Ultimately, it underscores the pivotal role of innovative antenna design in shaping
the future of radar technology and its impact on defense, aerospace, automotive, and
environmental monitoring sectors.
Antenna, RADAR, RADAR Antenna, Antenna Pattern, Radiation pattern,
Citation:
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