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By: Heena T. Shaikhbn and Kazi Kutubuddin Sayyad Liyakat.
1Assistant Professor, Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering, Brahmdevdada Mane Institute of Technology, Solapur, Maharashtra, India
2Professor and Head, Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering, Brahmdevdada Mane Institute of Technology, Solapur, Maharashtra, India
The transition to a carbon-neutral energy landscape hinges on the ability to store hydrogen safely, densely, and reversibly. While high-pressure tanks and cryogenic vessels dominate today’s infrastructure, solid-state storage in metallic alloys offers a compelling alternative by marrying high gravimetric capacity with intrinsic safety. This work presents a systematic investigation of a family of reversible hydrogen-absorbing alloys—principally Mg-based intermetallics (Mg₂Ni, Mg-Fe-Mn) and Ti-V-based Laves phases (TiFe, Ti₁₋ₓMnₓV₂) – engineered through compositional tailoring, nanostructuring, and catalytic doping. Calorimetric, kinetic, and cycling tests reveal that the synergistic incorporation of 3–5 wt % Pd-Cu nano-clusters reduces the desorption enthalpy by up to 12 kJ mol⁻¹, enabling full hydrogen release at ≤ 80 °C while preserving a gravimetric storage density of 5.8 wt % for the Mg₂Ni-PdCu system. Advanced in-situ synchrotron diffraction uncovers a reversible two-step phase transformation pathway that mitigates lattice strain and curbs hysteresis, thereby delivering > 500 cycles with < 2 % capacity fade. A techno-economic model, calibrated against pilot-scale data, demonstrates that an alloy-based storage module can achieve a levelized cost of hydrogen (LCOH) of $3.2 kg⁻¹ – competitive with compressed-gas systems when integrated into a renewable-energy-to-hydrogen (RE-H₂) micro-grid. The findings establish a design-by-property framework that links alloy chemistry, microstructure, and thermodynamics, charting a practical route toward scalable solid-state hydrogen storage.
Citation:
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