This paper contains the modeling and intelligent control of Vehicle-to-Grid and Grid-to-Vehicle single-phase bidirectional converter. It is suggested to have a hybridized double-loop control architecture including an outer DC-link voltage regulation loop and an inner grid current control loop. A voltage control loop is added to a DC-link voltage adjustment system with fuzzy logic controller (FLC), to adjust dynamic performance under various operating conditions controlled by adaptively regulating the DC-link voltage to 380 V. The alleviated solution allows to smoothly switch between discharging and charging modes due to the step-based reference signal (+-10) which facilitates reversal of power-flow. The present control loop ensures sinusoidal grid current injection as well as unity power factor, and minimal harmonic distortion. MATLAB Simulink is used to model the entire system and test it under dynamic situations. The simulation result shows an improvement in the transient response, lowering the overshoot, minimal DC-link voltage ripple, and stability of the proposed intelligent control strategy over the conventional PI-based control, which justifies the usefulness of the proposed intelligent control strategy in grid-connected EVs application. The suggested controller offers dependable operation during abrupt load and power fluctuations, improves charging and discharging synchronization, and increases energy management capabilities. Its promise for an effective, reliable, and adaptable EV charging infrastructure is demonstrated by these features.

Keywords- Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G), Grid- to-Vehicle (G2V), Bidirectional Converter, DC- Link Voltage Control, Single-Phase Inverter, PI Controller, Power Balance.

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1. Guille C, Gross G. A conceptual framework for the vehicle-to-grid (V2G) implementation. Energy policy. 2009 Nov 1;37(11):4379-90.
2. Habib S, Kamran M, Rashid U. Impact analysis of vehicle-to-grid technology and charging strategies of electric vehicles on distribution networks–a review. Journal of Power Sources. 2015 Mar 1;277:205-14.
3. Kempton W, Tomić J. Vehicle-to-grid power implementation: From stabilizing the grid to supporting large-scale renewable energy. Journal of power sources. 2005 Jun 1;144(1):280-94.
4. Verma AK, Singh B, Shahani DT. Grid to vehicle and vehicle to grid energy transfer using single-phase bidirectional AC-DC converter and bidirectional DC-DC converter. In2011 international conference on energy, automation and signal 2011 Dec 28 (pp. 1-5). IEEE.
5. Blaabjerg F, Teodorescu R, Liserre M, Timbus AV. Overview of control and grid synchronization for distributed power generation systems. IEEE Transactions on industrial electronics. 2006 Oct 31;53(5):1398-409.
6. He J, Li YW. An enhanced microgrid load demand sharing strategy. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics. 2012 Mar 6;27(9):3984- 95.
7. Zadeh LA. Fuzzy sets. Information and control. 1965 Jun 1;8(3):338-53.
8. Lopes JA, Soares FJ, Almeida PM. Integration of electric vehicles in the electric power system. Proceedings of the IEEE. 2010 Oct 4;99(1):168-83.
9. Garcés Quílez M, Abdel-Monem M, El Baghdadi M, Yang Y, Van Mierlo J, Hegazy O. Modelling, analysis and performance evaluation of power conversion unit in g2v/v2g application—A review. Energies. 2018 Apr 27;11(5):1082.table
10. Ebrahimi KM. Modern electric, hybrid electric, and fuel cell vehicles.

This paper contains the modeling and intelligent control of Vehicle-to-Grid and Grid-to-Vehicle single-phase bidirectional converter. It is suggested to have a hybridized double-loop control architecture including an outer DC-link voltage regulation loop and an inner grid current control loop. A voltage control loop is added to a DC-link voltage adjustment system with fuzzy logic controller (FLC), to adjust dynamic performance under various operating conditions controlled by adaptively regulating the DC-link voltage to 380 V. The alleviated solution allows to smoothly switch between discharging and charging modes due to the step-based reference signal (+-10) which facilitates reversal of power-flow. The present control loop ensures sinusoidal grid current injection as well as unity power factor, and minimal harmonic distortion. MATLAB Simulink is used to model the entire system and test it under dynamic situations. The simulation result shows an improvement in the transient response, lowering the overshoot, minimal DC-link voltage ripple, and stability of the proposed intelligent control strategy over the conventional PI-based control, which justifies the usefulness of the proposed intelligent control strategy in grid-connected EVs application. The suggested controller offers dependable operation during abrupt load and power fluctuations, improves charging and discharging synchronization, and increases energy management capabilities. Its promise for an effective, reliable, and adaptable EV charging infrastructure is demonstrated by these features.

Keywords- Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G), Grid- to-Vehicle (G2V), Bidirectional Converter, DC- Link Voltage Control, Single-Phase Inverter, PI Controller, Power Balance.

🔒 This is a subscription article

Full text is available to subscribers and institutional members. Please choose an option below to access it.

1. Guille C, Gross G. A conceptual framework for the vehicle-to-grid (V2G) implementation. Energy policy. 2009 Nov 1;37(11):4379-90.
2. Habib S, Kamran M, Rashid U. Impact analysis of vehicle-to-grid technology and charging strategies of electric vehicles on distribution networks–a review. Journal of Power Sources. 2015 Mar 1;277:205-14.
3. Kempton W, Tomić J. Vehicle-to-grid power implementation: From stabilizing the grid to supporting large-scale renewable energy. Journal of power sources. 2005 Jun 1;144(1):280-94.
4. Verma AK, Singh B, Shahani DT. Grid to vehicle and vehicle to grid energy transfer using single-phase bidirectional AC-DC converter and bidirectional DC-DC converter. In2011 international conference on energy, automation and signal 2011 Dec 28 (pp. 1-5). IEEE.
5. Blaabjerg F, Teodorescu R, Liserre M, Timbus AV. Overview of control and grid synchronization for distributed power generation systems. IEEE Transactions on industrial electronics. 2006 Oct 31;53(5):1398-409.
6. He J, Li YW. An enhanced microgrid load demand sharing strategy. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics. 2012 Mar 6;27(9):3984- 95.
7. Zadeh LA. Fuzzy sets. Information and control. 1965 Jun 1;8(3):338-53.
8. Lopes JA, Soares FJ, Almeida PM. Integration of electric vehicles in the electric power system. Proceedings of the IEEE. 2010 Oct 4;99(1):168-83.
9. Garcés Quílez M, Abdel-Monem M, El Baghdadi M, Yang Y, Van Mierlo J, Hegazy O. Modelling, analysis and performance evaluation of power conversion unit in g2v/v2g application—A review. Energies. 2018 Apr 27;11(5):1082.table
10. Ebrahimi KM. Modern electric, hybrid electric, and fuel cell vehicles.