To create single crystals using the Slow Evaporation Solution Growth Technique (SEST), equimolar composition of the transition metal (Bi) as Bismuth nitrate is added to Potassium Hydrogen Phthalate (KHP) (1:1) at ambient temperature. The following analysis is then performed on the single crystals that have formed. Equimolar doping-induced structural distortion in the crystals is confirmed by the FT-IR Spectra. The TGDTA study reveals the purity of the material and no decomposition is observed up to the melting point. Presence of Bismuth is confirmed by Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). SEM reveals some changes in surface morphology due to doping. The relative intensities of peaks are reduced compared to pure one which may be due to doping of Bismuth to KHP in Powder X-ray diffraction. The values of doped Crystal is reduced compared to pure one. From this single crystal XRD values we can say that the dopant can enter into KHP crystalline matrix and cause slight distortion in it. Due to its high transmittance and absorption in the visible region, it is widely used for optical window application with lower cut off wavelength at 244 nm and 301nm revealing better NLO of the doped crystal then pure one. The doping results insignificant enhancement of (SHG) second harmonic generation resulting in morphological changes.

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1. A. Laudise, Crystal Growth and Characterization, Ed. Ueda R. and Millin
2. B. North-Holland Publishing Co, 1975.
3. C. Brice, Crystal Growth Process, John Wiley and Sons, New York, 1986.
4. S. Nalwa and S. Miyata, Nonlinear Optics of Organic Molecules and
5. Polymers, CRC Press Inc., New York, 1996.
6. E. Buckley, Crystal Growth, John Wiley and Sons, New York, 1951.
7. R.N. Balasanyan, V.T. Gabrielyan, E.P. Kokanyan, and I. Feldvary, Sov. Phys. Crystallogr., 1990, 35, 907-910.
8. H. Hubner, Neues Jahrb, Mineral Monatsh, 1969,335-343.
9. Santhanaraghavan and P. Ramasamy, Crystal Growth Processes and Methods, KRU Publications, India, 2002.
10. A. Ballman and R.A. Laudise, The Art and Science of Growing Crystals, Ed.Gilman J.J. John Wiley and sons, New York, 1963.
11. K. Henisch and J.M. Garcia-Rutz, J. Crystal Growth, 1986, 75, 195-202.
12. K. Henisch, Crystal Growth in Gels, Pennsylvania State Univ. Press, 1970.
13. K. Henisch, Crystals in Gels and Liesegang Rings, Cambridge Univ. Press, USA, 1988.
14. A. Jenkins and H.E. White, Fundamentals of Optics, McGraw Hill, New York, 1957.
15. Nye and M.V. Berry, Proc. Roy. Soc., London, 1974, A336, 165.
16. C. J. Newell and J.V. Monoley, Non-linear Optics, Addison, Wesley, 1992. 144.
17. S. He and S.H. Liu, Physics of Non-Linear Optics, World- Scientific, Singapore, 1999.
18. Narayana Rao, Physics News, 2010, 40, 53.
19. W. Goodman, Statistical Optics, Wiley, New York, 1985.
20. W. Goodman, Introduction to Fourier Optics, McGraw-Hill, San Fransisco, 1968.
21. Oudar and R. Hierle, J. Appl. Phys., 1977, 48, 2699.

To create single crystals using the Slow Evaporation Solution Growth Technique (SEST), equimolar composition of the transition metal (Bi) as Bismuth nitrate is added to Potassium Hydrogen Phthalate (KHP) (1:1) at ambient temperature. The following analysis is then performed on the single crystals that have formed. Equimolar doping-induced structural distortion in the crystals is confirmed by the FT-IR Spectra. The TGDTA study reveals the purity of the material and no decomposition is observed up to the melting point. Presence of Bismuth is confirmed by Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). SEM reveals some changes in surface morphology due to doping. The relative intensities of peaks are reduced compared to pure one which may be due to doping of Bismuth to KHP in Powder X-ray diffraction. The values of doped Crystal is reduced compared to pure one. From this single crystal XRD values we can say that the dopant can enter into KHP crystalline matrix and cause slight distortion in it. Due to its high transmittance and absorption in the visible region, it is widely used for optical window application with lower cut off wavelength at 244 nm and 301nm revealing better NLO of the doped crystal then pure one. The doping results insignificant enhancement of (SHG) second harmonic generation resulting in morphological changes.

🔒 This is a subscription article

Full text is available to subscribers and institutional members. Please choose an option below to access it.

1. A. Laudise, Crystal Growth and Characterization, Ed. Ueda R. and Millin
2. B. North-Holland Publishing Co, 1975.
3. C. Brice, Crystal Growth Process, John Wiley and Sons, New York, 1986.
4. S. Nalwa and S. Miyata, Nonlinear Optics of Organic Molecules and
5. Polymers, CRC Press Inc., New York, 1996.
6. E. Buckley, Crystal Growth, John Wiley and Sons, New York, 1951.
7. R.N. Balasanyan, V.T. Gabrielyan, E.P. Kokanyan, and I. Feldvary, Sov. Phys. Crystallogr., 1990, 35, 907-910.
8. H. Hubner, Neues Jahrb, Mineral Monatsh, 1969,335-343.
9. Santhanaraghavan and P. Ramasamy, Crystal Growth Processes and Methods, KRU Publications, India, 2002.
10. A. Ballman and R.A. Laudise, The Art and Science of Growing Crystals, Ed.Gilman J.J. John Wiley and sons, New York, 1963.
11. K. Henisch and J.M. Garcia-Rutz, J. Crystal Growth, 1986, 75, 195-202.
12. K. Henisch, Crystal Growth in Gels, Pennsylvania State Univ. Press, 1970.
13. K. Henisch, Crystals in Gels and Liesegang Rings, Cambridge Univ. Press, USA, 1988.
14. A. Jenkins and H.E. White, Fundamentals of Optics, McGraw Hill, New York, 1957.
15. Nye and M.V. Berry, Proc. Roy. Soc., London, 1974, A336, 165.
16. C. J. Newell and J.V. Monoley, Non-linear Optics, Addison, Wesley, 1992. 144.
17. S. He and S.H. Liu, Physics of Non-Linear Optics, World- Scientific, Singapore, 1999.
18. Narayana Rao, Physics News, 2010, 40, 53.
19. W. Goodman, Statistical Optics, Wiley, New York, 1985.
20. W. Goodman, Introduction to Fourier Optics, McGraw-Hill, San Fransisco, 1968.
21. Oudar and R. Hierle, J. Appl. Phys., 1977, 48, 2699.