Effect of the class of activating agent (inorganic vs. organic) on the structure of activated carbon materials from biomass †

Volume: 11 | Issue: 01 | Year 2024 | Subscription
International Journal of Chemical Synthesis and Chemical Reactions
Received Date: 01/12/2025
Acceptance Date: 01/27/2025
Published On: 2025-01-28
First Page: 27
Last Page: 35

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By: Indra Neel Pulidindi, Prakash Vaithyanathan, Varadarajan Thirukallam Kanthadai, and Viswanathan Balasubramanian

Jesus’ Scientific Consultancy for Industrial and Academic Research (JSCIAR, Tharamani – 600113, India.
Science Teacher, 50 L.B. Road, Chennai
Retired Professor, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Madras,Chennai – 600036, India.
National Centre for Catalysis Research, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Madras, Chennai – 600036, India.

Abstract

The impact of the class of the activating agent (inorganic Vs organic) on the structure and the crystallographic parameters of the activated carbon materials (ACMs) from biomass was studied. The stems of the waste land weed native of India, namely, Calotropis gigantea were used as a representative example for the biomass based sustainable raw material. Likewise, carbonate (K 2 CO 3 ) and oxalate (Na 2 C 2 O 4 ) were chosen as the representative examples of the chemical activators. Irrespective of the class of the activating agent the structure of the activated carbon material remained the same, namely, turbostratic. The interlayer space (d 002 ) values of the ACMs from the carbonate and oxalate activators were 0.411 and 0.385 nm which are higher than the pure graphite (0.3352 nm). The crystallite size along the stacking axis (L c ) and along the a-axis (L a ) of the ACMs from biomass are an order of magnitude higher than that of pure graphite. Moreover, the crystallite sizes (both L c and L a ) of the ACMs from carbonate activation were relatively smaller than that of the material from oxalate activation. The difference in the crystallographic parameters between the ACMs derived from carbonate and oxalate activators is attributed to the slight difference in the mechanistic step (the very first step) of the chemical activation process.

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How to cite this article: Indra Neel Pulidindi, Prakash Vaithyanathan, Varadarajan Thirukallam Kanthadai, and Viswanathan Balasubramanian, Effect of the class of activating agent (inorganic vs. organic) on the structure of activated carbon materials from biomass †. International Journal of Chemical Synthesis and Chemical Reactions. 2024; 11(01): 27-35p.

How to cite this URL: Indra Neel Pulidindi, Prakash Vaithyanathan, Varadarajan Thirukallam Kanthadai, and Viswanathan Balasubramanian, Effect of the class of activating agent (inorganic vs. organic) on the structure of activated carbon materials from biomass †. International Journal of Chemical Synthesis and Chemical Reactions. 2024; 11(01): 27-35p. Available from:https://journalspub.com/publication/ijcscr/article=14809

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