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By: V. S. L. Srujan Allu and Sweta Kumari Ghosh
Science and Engineering (Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning), DRK Institute of Science and Technology, Airforce Academy, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
By empowering systems to carry out tasks like decision-making and problem-solving that call for human-like intellect, artificial intelligence (AI) is revolutionizing technology. A key enabler of this progress is functional materials, designed through materials engineering to meet the needs of high-performance technologies like semiconductors, sensors, and memory storage. These materials are vital in ensuring AI systems operate efficiently by providing the computational power, energy efficiency, and sensory capabilities required. The significance of functional materials using AI lies in how AI-driven methods, such as density functional theory (DFT) and deep learning, accelerate the discovery, design, and optimization of materials. AI allows researchers to predict and engineer materials at the atomic level, leading to innovations like graphene and gallium nitride for high-performance GPUs, low-power transistors for energy-efficient devices, and thermoelectric materials for sustainable energy solutions. These breakthroughs are essential for AI applications in industries like autonomous vehicles, healthcare, and energy. AI also enhances sensor development, enabling real-time applications, such as autonomous navigation, wearable health devices, and robotics. The significance of functional materials in AI is also seen in their impact on system performance. Semiconductors enable parallel processing for deep learning tasks, optical materials support LiDAR systems for navigation purposes, and advanced memory storage technologies ensure efficient data handling. The integration of AI and materials engineering accelerates the creation of intelligent, sustainable, and high-performance technologies, driving innovations that benefit sectors like healthcare, energy, and autonomous systems, ultimately advancing societal progress.
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