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Department of Animal Science and Nutrition, Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University,
The transition toward sustainable livestock production requires innovative strategies that enhance resource efficiency while maintaining productivity and profitability. This review examines the integration of industrial biotechnology within animal nutrition as a core driver of circular bioeconomy-based feeding systems. Emphasis is placed on the valorization of agro industrial byproducts, recovery of nitrogen and phosphorus from effluents, and biological conversion of organic waste into high value feed ingredients. Advanced fermentation technologies, enzymatic bioconversion, microbial consortia engineering, and precision metabolic design are discussed as key tools for transforming low value biomass into digestible nutrients, functional metabolites, and alternative protein sources. The study further evaluates nutrient recovery pathways including anaerobic digestion, biogas slurry recirculation, insect mediated bioconversion, and algal biomass production. These strategies contribute to closing nutrient loops, reducing eutrophication risks, and decreasing dependence on synthetic fertilizers and imported feed commodities. Impacts on animal performance, gut microbiome modulation, immune competence, and product quality are critically analyzed, demonstrating that biotechnology enhanced feeds can improve feed conversion efficiency and reduce emission intensity per unit of output. Environmental and techno-economic assessments highlight the potential of circular feed systems to lower greenhouse gas
emissions, improve nitrogen and phosphorus use efficiency, and enhance climate resilience of livestock enterprises. Regulatory, biosafety, and quality assurance considerations are also addressed to ensure safe adoption and market acceptance. Overall, the integration of industrial biotechnology with precision nutrition and circular resource management offers a scientifically robust and economically viable pathway for sustainable animal production in the context of global environmental and resource challenges.
Keywords: Agro-industrial byproducts, animal nutrition, circular bioeconomy, industrial biotechnology, nutrient recovery, sustainable livestock systems, waste valorization
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