Introduction: Iron deficiency occurs when the body fails to create enough healthy red blood cells. It happens when the body doesn't have enough iron, a vital component needed for producing hemoglobin. The World Health Organization estimates that anaemia affects 40% of children aged 6 to 59 months, 37% of pregnant women, and 30% of women aged 15 to 49 years globally. According to National Family Health Survey 5 (2019-21), prevalence of anaemia in India is 52.2% in pregnant women, 59.1% in teenage girls, and 57.0% in women. In Karnataka, anaemia affects 47.8% of women, 45.7% of pregnant women, 65.5% of children, 49.4% of adolescent girls. The Government of India took various steps to reduce anaemia. Anaemia Mukt Bharat (AMB) was launched in 2018 especially for vulnerable age groups. The Karnataka Health Department's "Anaemia Muktha Pousthika Karnataka" campaign aims to eradicate anaemia from the state by 2025. Objectives:To assess the impact of a Self-Instructional Module on preventing iron deficiency anemia in adolescent girls. Methodology: The study employed a quasi-experimental design with a one-group pre-test and post-test approach. Non-probability convenience sampling was utilized to gather data from 60 adolescent girls enrolled at P.U. College in Moodbidri. A structured knowledge questionnaire was used for data collection. The post-test assessment of knowledge was conducted 7 days following the intervention.  Result: All participants (100%) were aged between 15 and 19 years, with 90% following a mixed diet, 8.3% being non-vegetarian, and 1.7% being vegetarian. The average post-test knowledge score was 14.00 ± SD 2.32, which was higher than the average pre-test score of 13.85 ± SD 2.06. A significant difference was found between the pre-test and post-test knowledge scores (p<0.001). Conclusion:The self-instructional module proves effective in enhancing the knowledge of adolescent girls about the prevention of iron deficiency anaemia.

Keywords: Self-instructional module, structured knowledge questionnaire, knowledge, adolescent girl, iron deficiency anaemia.

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1. Iron-deficiency anaemia. NHLBI, NI. Available from: https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/anemia/iron-deficiency-anemia .
2. WHO Anaemia. Who.int. Available from: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/anaemia.
3. ANAEMIA MUKT BHARAT. Gov.in. Available from: https://pib.gov.in/PressReleseDetailm.aspx? PRID=1795421#:~:text=In%202018%2C%20the%20Government%20of,including%20six%20target%20beneficiaries%2C%20six.
4. The Hindu Bureau. Health Department sets goal to make Karnataka anaemia-free by 2025. The Hindu. 2023 .Available from: https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/karnataka/health-department-sets-goal-to-make-karnataka-anaemia-free-by-2025/article67561909.ece.
5. Iron deficiency anemia. Pathologyoutline.com. Available from: https://www.pathologyoutline. com/topic/hematologyirondefanemia.html
6. Sari P, Judistiani RTD, Herawati DMD, Dhamayanti M, Hilmanto D. Iron deficiency anemia and associated factors among adolescent girls and women in a rural area of Jatinangor, Indonesia. Int J Womens Health. 2022;14:1137–47. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication /362859739_Iron_Deficiency_Anemia_and_Associated_Factors_Among_Adolescent_Girls_and_Women_in_a_Rural_Area_of_Jatinangor_Indonesia
7. Bindra V. Anemia in adolescence. World Journal of Anemia. 2017;1(1):18–9. Available from: https://www.wjoanemia.com/doi/WJOA/pdf/10.5005/jp-journals-10065-0003.
8. Kumari R, Bharti RK, Singh K, Sinha A, Kumar S, Saran A, et al. Prevalence of iron deficiency and iron Deficiency Anaemia in adolescent girls in a Tertiary Care Hospital. J Clin Diagn Res .2017;11(8):BC04–6. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/354401668_ Prevalence_of_Iron_Deficiency_and_Iron_Deficiency_Anaemia_in_Adolescent_Girls_in_a_Tertiary_Care_Hospital
9. Weekly Iron Folic Acid Supplementation(Wifs). Ministry Of Health And Family Welfare Government Of India.in. Available from: https://nhm.gov.in/index1.php?lang=1& level=3&sublinkid=1024&lid=388.
10. Deepti CP, Kaur R, Chitra P. A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Structured Teaching Programme on Knowledge Regarding Prevention and Prevalence of Anemia among Adolescent Girls in Selected Areas. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development. 2021;6(1):1537-66.

Introduction: Iron deficiency occurs when the body fails to create enough healthy red blood cells. It happens when the body doesn't have enough iron, a vital component needed for producing hemoglobin. The World Health Organization estimates that anaemia affects 40% of children aged 6 to 59 months, 37% of pregnant women, and 30% of women aged 15 to 49 years globally. According to National Family Health Survey 5 (2019-21), prevalence of anaemia in India is 52.2% in pregnant women, 59.1% in teenage girls, and 57.0% in women. In Karnataka, anaemia affects 47.8% of women, 45.7% of pregnant women, 65.5% of children, 49.4% of adolescent girls. The Government of India took various steps to reduce anaemia. Anaemia Mukt Bharat (AMB) was launched in 2018 especially for vulnerable age groups. The Karnataka Health Department's "Anaemia Muktha Pousthika Karnataka" campaign aims to eradicate anaemia from the state by 2025. Objectives:To assess the impact of a Self-Instructional Module on preventing iron deficiency anemia in adolescent girls. Methodology: The study employed a quasi-experimental design with a one-group pre-test and post-test approach. Non-probability convenience sampling was utilized to gather data from 60 adolescent girls enrolled at P.U. College in Moodbidri. A structured knowledge questionnaire was used for data collection. The post-test assessment of knowledge was conducted 7 days following the intervention.  Result: All participants (100%) were aged between 15 and 19 years, with 90% following a mixed diet, 8.3% being non-vegetarian, and 1.7% being vegetarian. The average post-test knowledge score was 14.00 ± SD 2.32, which was higher than the average pre-test score of 13.85 ± SD 2.06. A significant difference was found between the pre-test and post-test knowledge scores (p<0.001). Conclusion:The self-instructional module proves effective in enhancing the knowledge of adolescent girls about the prevention of iron deficiency anaemia.

Keywords: Self-instructional module, structured knowledge questionnaire, knowledge, adolescent girl, iron deficiency anaemia.

🔒 This is a subscription article

Full text is available to subscribers and institutional members. Please choose an option below to access it.

1. Iron-deficiency anaemia. NHLBI, NI. Available from: https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/anemia/iron-deficiency-anemia .
2. WHO Anaemia. Who.int. Available from: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/anaemia.
3. ANAEMIA MUKT BHARAT. Gov.in. Available from: https://pib.gov.in/PressReleseDetailm.aspx? PRID=1795421#:~:text=In%202018%2C%20the%20Government%20of,including%20six%20target%20beneficiaries%2C%20six.
4. The Hindu Bureau. Health Department sets goal to make Karnataka anaemia-free by 2025. The Hindu. 2023 .Available from: https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/karnataka/health-department-sets-goal-to-make-karnataka-anaemia-free-by-2025/article67561909.ece.
5. Iron deficiency anemia. Pathologyoutline.com. Available from: https://www.pathologyoutline. com/topic/hematologyirondefanemia.html
6. Sari P, Judistiani RTD, Herawati DMD, Dhamayanti M, Hilmanto D. Iron deficiency anemia and associated factors among adolescent girls and women in a rural area of Jatinangor, Indonesia. Int J Womens Health. 2022;14:1137–47. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication /362859739_Iron_Deficiency_Anemia_and_Associated_Factors_Among_Adolescent_Girls_and_Women_in_a_Rural_Area_of_Jatinangor_Indonesia
7. Bindra V. Anemia in adolescence. World Journal of Anemia. 2017;1(1):18–9. Available from: https://www.wjoanemia.com/doi/WJOA/pdf/10.5005/jp-journals-10065-0003.
8. Kumari R, Bharti RK, Singh K, Sinha A, Kumar S, Saran A, et al. Prevalence of iron deficiency and iron Deficiency Anaemia in adolescent girls in a Tertiary Care Hospital. J Clin Diagn Res .2017;11(8):BC04–6. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/354401668_ Prevalence_of_Iron_Deficiency_and_Iron_Deficiency_Anaemia_in_Adolescent_Girls_in_a_Tertiary_Care_Hospital
9. Weekly Iron Folic Acid Supplementation(Wifs). Ministry Of Health And Family Welfare Government Of India.in. Available from: https://nhm.gov.in/index1.php?lang=1& level=3&sublinkid=1024&lid=388.
10. Deepti CP, Kaur R, Chitra P. A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Structured Teaching Programme on Knowledge Regarding Prevention and Prevalence of Anemia among Adolescent Girls in Selected Areas. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development. 2021;6(1):1537-66.