This research focused on evaluating the potential anti-cervical cancer properties of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) that were synthesized using an aqueous extract derived from the rhizome of Zingiber officinale (ginger). The synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were thoroughly characterized using a range of analytical techniques, including Ultraviolet-Visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM).Characterization studies revealed that the synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) exhibited an average size range of 85–104 nm, with predominantly round and linear morphologies, dispersed in a small, scattered arrangement. Furthermore, the presence of antioxidant compounds was found using DPPH (2,2 -diphenyl -1- picrylhydrazyl) and total antioxidant test. The DPPH result was found to be 74.89% and total antioxidant test gives 38.2mg/g which provides the substantial anticancer activity of plant extract. The cytotoxic potential of the synthesized AgNPs was evaluated against cervical cancer (HeLa) cell line using MTT assay [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay] shows more apoptosis at high concentration. The biosynthesized AgNPs demonstrated cytotoxic effects in HeLa cells, indicating the anticancer potential of ZO- AgNPs. These findings suggest their possible application in the treatment of cervical cancer.

Keywords: Silver nanoparticles, Zingiber officinale, biosynthesis, cervical, cancer, apoptosis.

1. Yokoyama K, Welchons DR. The conjugation of amyloid beta protein on the gold colloidal nanoparticles’ surfaces. Nanotechnology. 2007 Jan 31;18(10):105101. 2. Sharma VK, Yngard RA, Lin Y. Silver nanoparticles: green synthesis and their antimicrobial activities. Advances in colloid and interface science. 2009 Jan 30;145(1-2):83-96. 3. Wong KK, Liu X. Silver nanoparticles—the real “silver bullet” in clinical medicine?. MedChemComm. 2010;1(2):125-31. 4. Monteiro DR, Silva S, Negri M, Gorup LF, De Camargo ER, Oliveira R, Barbosa DD, Henriques M. Silver nanoparticles: influence of stabilizing agent and diameter on antifungal activity against Candida albicans and Candida glabrata biofilms. Letters in Applied Microbiology. 2012 May 1;54(5):383-91. 5. Krishnaraj C, Ramachandran R, Mohan K, Kalaichelvan PT. Optimization for rapid synthesis of silver nanoparticles and its effect on phytopathogenic fungi. Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy. 2012 Jul 1;93:95-9. 6. Martínez-Gutierrez F, Thi EP, Silverman JM, de Oliveira CC, Svensson SL, Vanden Hoek A, Sánchez EM, Reiner NE, Gaynor EC, Pryzdial EL, Conway EM. Antibacterial activity, inflammatory response, coagulation and cytotoxicity effects of silver nanoparticles. Nanomedicine: Nanotechnology, Biology and Medicine. 2012 Apr 1;8(3):328-36. 7. Gottesman R, Shukla S, Perkas N, Solovyov LA, Nitzan Y, Gedanken A. Sonochemical coating of paper by microbiocidal silver nanoparticles. Langmuir. 2011 Jan 18;27(2):720-6. 8. Osório I, Igreja R, Franco R, Cortez J. Incorporation of silver nanoparticles on textile materials by an aqueous procedure. Materials Letters. 2012 May 15;75:200-3. 9. Martinez-Gutierrez F, Olive PL, Banuelos A, Orrantia E, Nino N, Sanchez EM, Ruiz F, Bach H, Av-Gay Y. Synthesis, characterization, and evaluation of antimicrobial and cytotoxic effect of silver and titanium nanoparticles. Nanomedicine: Nanotechnology, Biology and Medicine. 2010 Oct 1;6(5):681-8. 10. Favero J, Corbeau P, Nicolas M, Benkirane M, Travé G, Dixon JF, Aucouturier P, Rasheed S, Parker JW, Liautard JP, Devaux C. Inhibition of human immunodeficiency virus infection by the lectin jacalin and by a derived peptide showing a sequence similarity with gp120. European journal of immunology. 1993 Jan;23(1):179-85. 11. Okitsu K, Yue A, Tanabe S, Matsumoto H, Yobiko Y. Formation of colloidal gold nanoparticles in an ultrasonic field: control of rate of gold (III) reduction and size of formed gold particles. Langmuir. 2001 Dec 11;17(25):7717-20. 12. Naik RR, Stringer SJ, Agarwal G, Jones SE, Stone MO. Biomimetic synthesis and patterning of silver nanoparticles. Nature materials. 2002 Nov 1;1(3):169-72. 13. Narayanan KB, Sakthivel N. Biological synthesis of metal nanoparticles by microbes. Advances in colloid and interface science. 2010 Apr 22;156(1-2):1-3. 14. Mandal D, Bolander ME, Mukhopadhyay D, Sarkar G, Mukherjee P. The use of microorganisms for the formation of metal nanoparticles and their application. Applied microbiology and biotechnology. 2006 Jan;69(5):485-92. 15. Kowshik M, Ashtaputre S, Kharrazi S, Vogel W, Urban J, Kulkarni SK, Paknikar KM. Extracellular synthesis of silver nanoparticles by a silver- tolerant yeast strainMKY3. Nanotechnology. 2002 Dec 20;14(1):95. 16. Mukherjee P, Ahmad A, Mandal D, Senapati S, Sainkar SR, Khan MI, Parishcha R, Ajaykumar PV, Alam M, Kumar R, Sastry M. Fungus- mediated synthesis of silver nanoparticles and their immobilization in the mycelial matrix: a novel biological approach to nanoparticle synthesis. Nano letters. 2001 Oct 10;1(10):515-9. 17. Iravani S. Green synthesis of metal nanoparticles using plants. Green chemistry. 2011;13(10):2638-50. 18. Kalishwaralal K, Deepak V, Pandian SR, Kottaisamy M, BarathManiKanth S, Kartikeyan B, Gurunathan S. Biosynthesis of silver and gold nanoparticles using Brevibacterium casei. Colloids and surfaces B: Biointerfaces. 2010 Jun 1;77(2):257-62. 19. Gao X, Lu Y, Fang L, Fang X, Xing Y, Gou S, Xi T. Synthesis and anticancer activity of some novel 2-phenazinamine derivatives. European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. 2013 Nov 1;69:1-9. 20. McGuire S. World cancer report 2014. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization, international agency for research on cancer, WHO Press, 2015. Advances in nutrition. 2016 Mar 9;7(2):418.