This review paper offers a comparative study of radial-flux motors and axial-flux motors, providing a detailed analysis of the design and performance of raxial flux motors. The manufacturer of an axial flux motor is “Koenigsegg,” a Swedish company that specializes in producing high-performance cars, primarily sports cars. The four-seater Koenigsegg Gemera was designed to be powered by a raxial flux motor. Quark, the name of the motor, reexamines the four principles of packing, cooling, material, and magnetism. Because Gemera needs a lot of acceleration in its low-speed range, a raxial flux motor was necessary. The topologies of axial-flux motor and radial-flux motor were combined to create the term raxial-flux motor. The very good torque to power to weight ratio in the factory was created by combining both radial-flux and axial-flux motors, which are more power-dense and less torque-dense, respectively. Axial flux motors are more torque-dense and less power-dense.

Keywords:Raxial flux motor, axial flux motor (AFM), radial flux motor (RAR), Nd-Fe-B permanent magnets, double rotor

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1. Cao Z, Mahmoudi A, Kahourzade S, Soong WL, Summers JR. A Comparative Study of Axial-Flux versus Radial-Flux Induction Machines. In: 2020 IEEE International Conference on Power Electronics, Drives and Energy Systems (PEDES), Jaipur, India. 2020. pp. 1–6.
2. Haddad RZ, Foster SN, Strangas EG, King Y. Performance analysis of radial and axial flux fractional horsepower motors. In: 2016 XXII International Conference on Electrical Machines (ICEM), Lausanne, Switzerland. 2016. pp. 526–30.
3. Juan Sebastián Lasprilla Hincapié, Andresdavid Vargas Sandoval, José Zuluaga Parra. “AXIAL FLUX ELECTRIC MOTOR” in Military University of New Granada. Mechatronics Engineering.
4. Jagtap VJ, Ahire NB, Chaudhari SA, Shinde PS, William P. Spectral-Spatial Deep Learning for Multispectral Enhanced Image Classification and Analysis. In: 2023 4th International Conference on Computation, Automation and Knowledge Management (ICCAKM), Dubai, United Arab Emirates. 2023. pp. 1–6.
5. Fasale YS, Halwai RR, Galphade VS, William P. Analysis on Log 4j Vulnerability and its Severity. In: 2023 4th International Conference on Computation, Automation and Knowledge Management (ICCAKM), Dubai, United Arab Emirates. 2023. pp. 1–5.
6. Varade HP, Bhangale SC, Patare PM, Ghanghav V, Sharma SK, William P. Convolutional Neural Network Based On-Line Defect Recognition in Additive Manufacturing Using Image Processing. In: 2023 4th International Conference on Computation, Automation and Knowledge Management (ICCAKM), Dubai, United Arab Emirates. 2023. pp. 1–6
7. William P, Kumar S, Gupta A, Shrivastava A, Rao ALN, Kumar V. Impact of Green Marketing Strategies on Business Performance Using Big Data. In: 2023 4th International Conference on Computation, Automation and Knowledge Management (ICCAKM), Dubai, United Arab Emirates. 2023. pp. 1–6
8. Márquez I, Granados X, Obradors X, Pallares J, Bosch R. Radial and axial flux superconducting motors in a levitating rotor configuration. IEEE Trans Appl Supercond. 1999;9(2):1249–52.
9. Aydin M, Gulec M. A new coreless axial flux interior permanent magnet synchronous motor with sinusoidal rotor segments. IEEE Trans Magnet. 2016;52(7):1–4.
10. Cavagnino A, Lazzari M, Profumo F, Tenconi A. A comparison between the axial flux and the radial flux structures for PM synchronous motors. IEEE Trans Indust Appl. 2002;38(6):1517–24.
11. Chen X, Shen Q, Wang D, Han L. Thermal Comparison of Axial and Radial Flux Permanent Magnet Motor with the Same Volume. In: 2019 22nd International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems (ICEMS), Harbin, China. 2019. pp. 1–6.
12. Bornare AB, Naikwadi SB, Pardeshi DB, William P. Preventive Measures to Secure Arc Fault using Active and Passive Protection. In: 2022 International Conference on Electronics and Renewable Systems (ICEARS), Tuticorin, India. 2022. pp. 934–8.
13. Pagare KP, Ingale RW, Pardeshi DB, William P. Simulation and Performance Analysis of Arc Guard Systems. In: 2022 International Conference on Electronics and Renewable Systems (ICEARS), Tuticorin, India. 2022. pp. 205–11.
14. Matharu HS, Girase V, Pardeshi DB, William P. Design and Deployment of Hybrid Electric Vehicle. In: 2022 International Conference on Electronics and Renewable Systems (ICEARS), Tuticorin, India. 2022. pp. 331–4.
15. Gondkar SS, Pardeshi DB, William P. Innovative System for Water Level Management using IoT to prevent Water Wastage. In: 2022 International Conference on Applied Artificial Intelligence and Computing (ICAAIC), Salem, India. 2022. pp. 1555–8
16. Geng W, Hou J, Li Q. Electromagnetic analysis and efficiency improvement of axial-flux permanent magnet motor with yokeless stator by using grain-oriented silicon steel. IEEE Trans Magnet. 2021;58(2):1–5.
17. Haddad RZ, Foster SN, Strangas EG, King Y. Performance analysis of radial and axial flux fractional horsepower motors. In: 2016 XXII International Conference on Electrical Machines (ICEM), Lausanne, Switzerland. 2016. pp. 526–30.
18. Márquez I, Granados X, Obradors X, Pallares J, Bosch R. Radial and axial flux superconducting motors in a levitating rotor configuration. IEEE Trans Appl Supercond. 1999;9(2):1249–52.
19. Polat M, Yildiz A, Akinci R. Performance analysis and reduction of torque ripple of axial flux permanent magnet synchronous motor manufactured for electric vehicles. IEEE Trans Magnet. 2021;57(7):1–9.
20. Bibave R, Kulkarni V. Maximum Power Extraction from Wind Energy System by Using Perturbation and Observation Method. In: 2018 International Conference on Smart Electric Drives and Power System (ICSEDPS), Nagpur, India. 2018. pp. 105–10.
21. Yeole SS, Vasant Kolhe S, Bibave RR, Shivaji Chavan V, Kadam BB, Sakharam Bodhe V. Design of Two-Wheeler Hybrid Electric Vehicle using Series Parallel Configuration. In: 2023 Third International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Smart Energy (ICAIS), Coimbatore, India. 2023. pp. 1595–8.
22. Pund VS, Dongare SK, Amate PS, Jadhav DR, Bibave RR, Pardeshi DB. Soldier Health Monitoring and Position Tracking (E-Vest). In: 2023 4th International Conference on Electronics and Sustainable Communication Systems (ICESC), Coimbatore, India. 2023. pp. 257–61.
23. Warule AS, Barde VR, Barshile MK, Kambhire SV, Bibave RR, Pardeshi DB. Electric Reaping and Fertilizing Machine. In: 2023 5th International Conference on Inventive Research in Computing Applications (ICIRCA), Coimbatore, India. 2023. pp. 1685–91.
24. Przybylski M, Kapelski D, Ślusarek B. Numerical analyses of a radial flux motor with a double-sided rotor, Nd-Fe-B magnets and the soft magnetic composite stator: Part 1. In: 2015 Selected Problems of Electrical Engineering and Electronics (WZEE), Kielce, Poland. 2015. pp. 1–4.
25. Shiwakoti R, Poudel B, Amiri E, Divandari M, Damaki A. Design and Analysis of Modular Axial Flux Switched Reluctance Motor. In: 2019 IEEE International Electric Machines & Drives Conference (IEMDC), San Diego, CA, USA. 2019. pp. 1521–5.

This review paper offers a comparative study of radial-flux motors and axial-flux motors, providing a detailed analysis of the design and performance of raxial flux motors. The manufacturer of an axial flux motor is “Koenigsegg,” a Swedish company that specializes in producing high-performance cars, primarily sports cars. The four-seater Koenigsegg Gemera was designed to be powered by a raxial flux motor. Quark, the name of the motor, reexamines the four principles of packing, cooling, material, and magnetism. Because Gemera needs a lot of acceleration in its low-speed range, a raxial flux motor was necessary. The topologies of axial-flux motor and radial-flux motor were combined to create the term raxial-flux motor. The very good torque to power to weight ratio in the factory was created by combining both radial-flux and axial-flux motors, which are more power-dense and less torque-dense, respectively. Axial flux motors are more torque-dense and less power-dense.

Keywords:Raxial flux motor, axial flux motor (AFM), radial flux motor (RAR), Nd-Fe-B permanent magnets, double rotor

🔒 This is a subscription article

Full text is available to subscribers and institutional members. Please choose an option below to access it.

1. Cao Z, Mahmoudi A, Kahourzade S, Soong WL, Summers JR. A Comparative Study of Axial-Flux versus Radial-Flux Induction Machines. In: 2020 IEEE International Conference on Power Electronics, Drives and Energy Systems (PEDES), Jaipur, India. 2020. pp. 1–6.
2. Haddad RZ, Foster SN, Strangas EG, King Y. Performance analysis of radial and axial flux fractional horsepower motors. In: 2016 XXII International Conference on Electrical Machines (ICEM), Lausanne, Switzerland. 2016. pp. 526–30.
3. Juan Sebastián Lasprilla Hincapié, Andresdavid Vargas Sandoval, José Zuluaga Parra. “AXIAL FLUX ELECTRIC MOTOR” in Military University of New Granada. Mechatronics Engineering.
4. Jagtap VJ, Ahire NB, Chaudhari SA, Shinde PS, William P. Spectral-Spatial Deep Learning for Multispectral Enhanced Image Classification and Analysis. In: 2023 4th International Conference on Computation, Automation and Knowledge Management (ICCAKM), Dubai, United Arab Emirates. 2023. pp. 1–6.
5. Fasale YS, Halwai RR, Galphade VS, William P. Analysis on Log 4j Vulnerability and its Severity. In: 2023 4th International Conference on Computation, Automation and Knowledge Management (ICCAKM), Dubai, United Arab Emirates. 2023. pp. 1–5.
6. Varade HP, Bhangale SC, Patare PM, Ghanghav V, Sharma SK, William P. Convolutional Neural Network Based On-Line Defect Recognition in Additive Manufacturing Using Image Processing. In: 2023 4th International Conference on Computation, Automation and Knowledge Management (ICCAKM), Dubai, United Arab Emirates. 2023. pp. 1–6
7. William P, Kumar S, Gupta A, Shrivastava A, Rao ALN, Kumar V. Impact of Green Marketing Strategies on Business Performance Using Big Data. In: 2023 4th International Conference on Computation, Automation and Knowledge Management (ICCAKM), Dubai, United Arab Emirates. 2023. pp. 1–6
8. Márquez I, Granados X, Obradors X, Pallares J, Bosch R. Radial and axial flux superconducting motors in a levitating rotor configuration. IEEE Trans Appl Supercond. 1999;9(2):1249–52.
9. Aydin M, Gulec M. A new coreless axial flux interior permanent magnet synchronous motor with sinusoidal rotor segments. IEEE Trans Magnet. 2016;52(7):1–4.
10. Cavagnino A, Lazzari M, Profumo F, Tenconi A. A comparison between the axial flux and the radial flux structures for PM synchronous motors. IEEE Trans Indust Appl. 2002;38(6):1517–24.
11. Chen X, Shen Q, Wang D, Han L. Thermal Comparison of Axial and Radial Flux Permanent Magnet Motor with the Same Volume. In: 2019 22nd International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems (ICEMS), Harbin, China. 2019. pp. 1–6.
12. Bornare AB, Naikwadi SB, Pardeshi DB, William P. Preventive Measures to Secure Arc Fault using Active and Passive Protection. In: 2022 International Conference on Electronics and Renewable Systems (ICEARS), Tuticorin, India. 2022. pp. 934–8.
13. Pagare KP, Ingale RW, Pardeshi DB, William P. Simulation and Performance Analysis of Arc Guard Systems. In: 2022 International Conference on Electronics and Renewable Systems (ICEARS), Tuticorin, India. 2022. pp. 205–11.
14. Matharu HS, Girase V, Pardeshi DB, William P. Design and Deployment of Hybrid Electric Vehicle. In: 2022 International Conference on Electronics and Renewable Systems (ICEARS), Tuticorin, India. 2022. pp. 331–4.
15. Gondkar SS, Pardeshi DB, William P. Innovative System for Water Level Management using IoT to prevent Water Wastage. In: 2022 International Conference on Applied Artificial Intelligence and Computing (ICAAIC), Salem, India. 2022. pp. 1555–8
16. Geng W, Hou J, Li Q. Electromagnetic analysis and efficiency improvement of axial-flux permanent magnet motor with yokeless stator by using grain-oriented silicon steel. IEEE Trans Magnet. 2021;58(2):1–5.
17. Haddad RZ, Foster SN, Strangas EG, King Y. Performance analysis of radial and axial flux fractional horsepower motors. In: 2016 XXII International Conference on Electrical Machines (ICEM), Lausanne, Switzerland. 2016. pp. 526–30.
18. Márquez I, Granados X, Obradors X, Pallares J, Bosch R. Radial and axial flux superconducting motors in a levitating rotor configuration. IEEE Trans Appl Supercond. 1999;9(2):1249–52.
19. Polat M, Yildiz A, Akinci R. Performance analysis and reduction of torque ripple of axial flux permanent magnet synchronous motor manufactured for electric vehicles. IEEE Trans Magnet. 2021;57(7):1–9.
20. Bibave R, Kulkarni V. Maximum Power Extraction from Wind Energy System by Using Perturbation and Observation Method. In: 2018 International Conference on Smart Electric Drives and Power System (ICSEDPS), Nagpur, India. 2018. pp. 105–10.
21. Yeole SS, Vasant Kolhe S, Bibave RR, Shivaji Chavan V, Kadam BB, Sakharam Bodhe V. Design of Two-Wheeler Hybrid Electric Vehicle using Series Parallel Configuration. In: 2023 Third International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Smart Energy (ICAIS), Coimbatore, India. 2023. pp. 1595–8.
22. Pund VS, Dongare SK, Amate PS, Jadhav DR, Bibave RR, Pardeshi DB. Soldier Health Monitoring and Position Tracking (E-Vest). In: 2023 4th International Conference on Electronics and Sustainable Communication Systems (ICESC), Coimbatore, India. 2023. pp. 257–61.
23. Warule AS, Barde VR, Barshile MK, Kambhire SV, Bibave RR, Pardeshi DB. Electric Reaping and Fertilizing Machine. In: 2023 5th International Conference on Inventive Research in Computing Applications (ICIRCA), Coimbatore, India. 2023. pp. 1685–91.
24. Przybylski M, Kapelski D, Ślusarek B. Numerical analyses of a radial flux motor with a double-sided rotor, Nd-Fe-B magnets and the soft magnetic composite stator: Part 1. In: 2015 Selected Problems of Electrical Engineering and Electronics (WZEE), Kielce, Poland. 2015. pp. 1–4.
25. Shiwakoti R, Poudel B, Amiri E, Divandari M, Damaki A. Design and Analysis of Modular Axial Flux Switched Reluctance Motor. In: 2019 IEEE International Electric Machines & Drives Conference (IEMDC), San Diego, CA, USA. 2019. pp. 1521–5.