Energy Transition for Sustainable Development in Saudi Arabia: Renewable Energy Growth and Emission Reduction

Volume: 12 | Issue: 01 | Year 2026 | Subscription
International Journal of Renewable Energy and its Commercialization
Received Date: 01/19/2026
Acceptance Date: 01/28/2026
Published On: 2026-02-27
First Page: 31
Last Page: 70

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By: Ali Q. Al-Shetwi.

Professor, Department of Renewable Energy Engineering, Fahad Bin Sultan University, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia

Abstract

The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) is undergoing a major shift toward sustainability under Vision 2030, targeting 58.7 GW of renewable energy (RE) by 2030 and major green hydrogen projects, such as NEOM’s 4 GW plant, to cut oil use by 500,000 barrels daily and achieve net-zero emissions by 2060. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of KSA’s energy transition, assessing the energy landscape, RE development, environmental impacts, and climate change mitigation efforts. Using a mixed-method approach, it combines quantitative assessments of energy consumption, RE capacity, and GHG emissions with qualitative insights into policy developments, technological advancements, and barriers. While KSA has made notable progress, existing studies often focus narrowly on specific technologies or sectors, lacking comprehensive analysis of recent initiatives, environmental trade-offs, policy updates, and regulatory frameworks. This review addresses these gaps by evaluating KSA’s current energy mix, key drivers of energy transition, RE deployment progress, major projects, economic benefits, and climate strategies. The paper further examines environmental impacts, emissions profiles, and mitigation efforts while identifying major challenges, including infrastructure limitations, policy, and regulatory gaps, economic dependencies, socio-cultural factors, and technological constraints. Strategic recommendations are proposed to accelerate RE integration, improve energy efficiency, and strengthen climate mitigation efforts, emphasizing infrastructure investment, regulatory reform, innovation, and cross-sectoral collaboration. By offering an integrated and holistic perspective, this review aims to support policymakers, researchers, and industry leaders in navigating the complexities of Saudi Arabia’s energy transition, contributing to broader global efforts toward climate resilience and sustainable development.

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How to cite this article: Ali Q. Al-Shetwi Energy Transition for Sustainable Development in Saudi Arabia: Renewable Energy Growth and Emission Reduction. International Journal of Renewable Energy and its Commercialization. 2026; 12(01): 31-70p.

How to cite this URL: Ali Q. Al-Shetwi, Energy Transition for Sustainable Development in Saudi Arabia: Renewable Energy Growth and Emission Reduction. International Journal of Renewable Energy and its Commercialization. 2026; 12(01): 31-70p. Available from:https://journalspub.com/publication/ijrec/article=25801

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