By: Sunidhi Rajput
Sunidhi Rajput, Student, Electronics & Communication, Sir Chhotu Ram Institute of Engineering &Technology (SCRIET), C.C.S University Campus, Uttar Pradesh
A way to meet the growing demand for electricity worldwide while tackling environmental issues is through solar photovoltaic (PV) technology. Solar PV is a renewable energy source that provides a sustainable substitute for fossil fuels, aiding in the global endeavor to reduce carbon emissions. Recent developments in technology have greatly increased photovoltaic systems’ scalability, cost, and efficiency, increasing their viability for broad use. The most recent advancements in photovoltaic materials, such as perovskite, multi-junction, and organic solar cells, which have shown improved energy conversion capacities, are thoroughly examined in this review article. Additionally, it explores innovations in manufacturing techniques such as thin-film deposition, tandem cell structures, and bifacial modules that contribute to improved performance and cost reduction. Beyond technical advancements, the sustainability of PV technology remains a critical area of research. This paper examines key aspects such as lifecycle assessment, recycling strategies, and the environmental footprint of solar panel production and disposal. Efficient recycling methods and eco-friendly manufacturing processes are essential to ensure that PV systems remain a truly sustainable energy solution. Moreover, the study discusses the role of government policies, market dynamics, and economic feasibility in driving the large-scale adoption of solar PV technology. Incentives such as feed-in tariffs, net metering, and tax benefits play a significant role in promoting investment and innovation in the solar energy sector.
Citation:
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