Abstract

The research paper explores the concept of smart homes, which are defined as dwelling places equipped with interconnection devices that allow remote management and automation of different systems within the house. Such a conception of smart homes will need more room as the Internet of Things continues to be developed. Smart homes are associated with several benefits, such as greater convenience, energy efficiency, and improved security. This paper analyzes the key components of smart homes, which are smart appliances, central hubs, and networking infrastructure, in highlighting advantages to the homeowner. Then, it delves into some of the problems with the technology, privacy, interoperability, and cost. From this paper, through detailed analysis of the case studies and emerging trends, what is expected of smart homes in the future, at least in the matter of advancements regarding artificial intelligence and sustainability. Finally, it suggests that discovery in the realm of smart home technology in dwelling may have better implications for societal progress and change.

Keywords:Types of smart devices (thermostats, lighting, appliances, security systems), central hubs and their role in integration, networking infrastructure requirements (Wi-Fi, protocols)

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1. Bandyopadhyay S, Sen P. Smart home automation: opportunities and challenges. IEEE Trans Consum Electron. 2011;57(4):1981–1988. doi:10.1109/TCE.2011.6177072.
2. Zhao X, Li X, Liu C. The role of AI and cloud in smart home systems. J Intell Syst. 2019;25(3):302–312. doi:10.1080/10408398.2019.1585063.
3. Niu Z, Liu J, Yao L. Energy management in smart homes: smart thermostats and energy saving. Energy Rep. 2018;4:361–370. doi:10.1016/j.egyr.2018.02.002.
4. Kumar S, Pathak R, Jain V. Smart grids and energy efficiency in smart homes. Renew Sustain Energy Rev. 2017;77:17–25. doi:10.1016/j.rser.2017.03.105.
5. Pereira R, Borges H, Costa L. Dynamic energy optimization in smart homes: an AI approach. Energy Build. 2020;202:109384. doi:10.1016/j.enbuild.2019.109384.
6. De la Torre D, López C, García A. Security challenges in IoT-based smart homes. Int J Comput Appl. 2019;180(1):21–28. doi:10.5120/ijca2019919610.
7. Shao Z, He J, Xu F. Privacy and data protection in smart home systems. J Priv Secur. 2020;18(3):45–56. doi:10.1080/1942551X.2020.1743958.
8. Venkatesh V, Morris MG, Davis GB. User acceptance of information technology: toward a unified view. MIS Q. 2012;27(3):425–478. doi:10.2307/30036540.
9. Gao X, Zhang L, Jiang Y. Smart home adoption among the elderly: a study on user interfaces. J Aging Soc Policy. 2018;30(4):338–351. doi:10.1080/08959420.2018.1466962.
10. Miller A, Pervin A, Reed P. Consumer education for smart homes: enhancing adoption. J Consum Technol. 2017;6(2):121–130. doi:10.1080/20769949.2017.1366263.
11. Chen X, Xu H. Smart home technology: integration and applications. J Smart Technol Appl. 2019;21(2):92–103. doi:10.1109/JSTA.2019.8677367.
12. Zhou Q, Zhang W. AI-driven smart homes: transforming the home automation landscape. IEEE Access. 2020;8:128057–67. doi:10.1109/ACCESS.2020.3003149.
13. Bellini P, Basile G. The future of smart homes: energy management and AI integration. Energy Build. 2020;204:109510. doi:10.1016/j.enbuild.2019.109510.
14. Bhuvaneswari R, Rajendran S. Smart home automation and control systems: Current trends and future directions. Int J Eng Technol. 2018;7(4):249–259. doi:10.14419/ijet.v7i4.10884.
15. Lee J, Son J. Review of smart home and IoT technology in energy efficiency. J Electr Eng Technol. 2021;16(2):479–487. doi:10.1007/s42835-021-00535-6.
16. Rathi P, Kumar A. Security and privacy issues in smart homes. J Comput Sci Netw Secur. 2017;17(10):84–90. doi:10.1080/10722098.2017.1401447.
17. Zhang L, Liu J. Behavioral adaptation in smart home systems: a study of user acceptance and interaction. J Ambient Intell Human Comput. 2019;10(4):1391–1403. doi:10.1007/s12652-019-01366-w.
18. Khalil H, Qamar R. The role of cloud computing in smart home automation. Int J Cloud Comput Serv Sci. 2020;8(1):15–23. doi:10.11591/ijccs.v8i1.5227.
19. Xu B, Liu W. Smart home energy management: challenges and solutions. Energy Rep. 2021;7:3062–3070. doi:10.1016/j.egyr.2021.06.032.
20. Suthar S, Kaur S. Technological innovations in smart home automation and security. Int J Comput Appl. 2019;40(6):50–60. doi:10.5120/ijca2019917789.
21. Miao X, Li H. Smart home energy consumption optimization via IoT and AI. J Build Perform. 2020;11(5):98–105. doi:10.3846/jbp.2020.5335.
22. Liu Y, Han Z. User-centric smart home design: a review of technologies and trends. J Build Eng. 2018;22:263–274. doi:10.1016/j.jobe.2018.11.010.
23. Kim S, Lee C. Automation in smart homes: enhancing user experience. Int J Hum Comput Interact. 2020;36(1):34–42. doi:10.1080/10447318.2020.1712070.
24. Li T, Xie Z. Cloud-based smart home system for sustainable living. Sustain Cities Soc. 2017;32:456–463. doi:10.1016/j.scs.2017.04.006.
25. Varma D, Soni S. Edge computing for smart homes: a comprehensive review. J Netw Comput Appl. 2021;171:102827. doi:10.1016/j.jnca.2020.102827.
26. Yan X, Li S. Smart homes and privacy issues: a comprehensive review. IEEE Internet Things J. 2019;6(6):10514–10525. doi:10.1109/JIOT.2019.2942844.
27. Mokhtari M, Fallah M. Sustainability in smart homes: an energy and environmental impact review. Renew Sustain Energy Rev. 2019;104:34–43. doi:10.1016/j.rser.2019.01.047.
28. Zhang P, Liu H. Security and privacy in smart homes: a survey of approaches and challenges. Comput Secur. 2020;91:101705. doi:10.1016/j.cose.2020.101705.
29. Parvez I, Ahamed S. Smart home systems: key technologies, challenges, and future directions. Future Gener Comput Syst. 2021;114:42–55. doi:10.1016/j.future.2020.07.037.
30. Kim T, Chang Y. The impact of smart home systems on energy saving and environmental sustainability. Environ Sci Technol. 2018;52(8):4659–4667. doi:10.1021/acs.est.7b06307.

Abstract

The research paper explores the concept of smart homes, which are defined as dwelling places equipped with interconnection devices that allow remote management and automation of different systems within the house. Such a conception of smart homes will need more room as the Internet of Things continues to be developed. Smart homes are associated with several benefits, such as greater convenience, energy efficiency, and improved security. This paper analyzes the key components of smart homes, which are smart appliances, central hubs, and networking infrastructure, in highlighting advantages to the homeowner. Then, it delves into some of the problems with the technology, privacy, interoperability, and cost. From this paper, through detailed analysis of the case studies and emerging trends, what is expected of smart homes in the future, at least in the matter of advancements regarding artificial intelligence and sustainability. Finally, it suggests that discovery in the realm of smart home technology in dwelling may have better implications for societal progress and change.

Keywords:Types of smart devices (thermostats, lighting, appliances, security systems), central hubs and their role in integration, networking infrastructure requirements (Wi-Fi, protocols)

🔒 This is a subscription article

Full text is available to subscribers and institutional members. Please choose an option below to access it.

1. Bandyopadhyay S, Sen P. Smart home automation: opportunities and challenges. IEEE Trans Consum Electron. 2011;57(4):1981–1988. doi:10.1109/TCE.2011.6177072.
2. Zhao X, Li X, Liu C. The role of AI and cloud in smart home systems. J Intell Syst. 2019;25(3):302–312. doi:10.1080/10408398.2019.1585063.
3. Niu Z, Liu J, Yao L. Energy management in smart homes: smart thermostats and energy saving. Energy Rep. 2018;4:361–370. doi:10.1016/j.egyr.2018.02.002.
4. Kumar S, Pathak R, Jain V. Smart grids and energy efficiency in smart homes. Renew Sustain Energy Rev. 2017;77:17–25. doi:10.1016/j.rser.2017.03.105.
5. Pereira R, Borges H, Costa L. Dynamic energy optimization in smart homes: an AI approach. Energy Build. 2020;202:109384. doi:10.1016/j.enbuild.2019.109384.
6. De la Torre D, López C, García A. Security challenges in IoT-based smart homes. Int J Comput Appl. 2019;180(1):21–28. doi:10.5120/ijca2019919610.
7. Shao Z, He J, Xu F. Privacy and data protection in smart home systems. J Priv Secur. 2020;18(3):45–56. doi:10.1080/1942551X.2020.1743958.
8. Venkatesh V, Morris MG, Davis GB. User acceptance of information technology: toward a unified view. MIS Q. 2012;27(3):425–478. doi:10.2307/30036540.
9. Gao X, Zhang L, Jiang Y. Smart home adoption among the elderly: a study on user interfaces. J Aging Soc Policy. 2018;30(4):338–351. doi:10.1080/08959420.2018.1466962.
10. Miller A, Pervin A, Reed P. Consumer education for smart homes: enhancing adoption. J Consum Technol. 2017;6(2):121–130. doi:10.1080/20769949.2017.1366263.
11. Chen X, Xu H. Smart home technology: integration and applications. J Smart Technol Appl. 2019;21(2):92–103. doi:10.1109/JSTA.2019.8677367.
12. Zhou Q, Zhang W. AI-driven smart homes: transforming the home automation landscape. IEEE Access. 2020;8:128057–67. doi:10.1109/ACCESS.2020.3003149.
13. Bellini P, Basile G. The future of smart homes: energy management and AI integration. Energy Build. 2020;204:109510. doi:10.1016/j.enbuild.2019.109510.
14. Bhuvaneswari R, Rajendran S. Smart home automation and control systems: Current trends and future directions. Int J Eng Technol. 2018;7(4):249–259. doi:10.14419/ijet.v7i4.10884.
15. Lee J, Son J. Review of smart home and IoT technology in energy efficiency. J Electr Eng Technol. 2021;16(2):479–487. doi:10.1007/s42835-021-00535-6.
16. Rathi P, Kumar A. Security and privacy issues in smart homes. J Comput Sci Netw Secur. 2017;17(10):84–90. doi:10.1080/10722098.2017.1401447.
17. Zhang L, Liu J. Behavioral adaptation in smart home systems: a study of user acceptance and interaction. J Ambient Intell Human Comput. 2019;10(4):1391–1403. doi:10.1007/s12652-019-01366-w.
18. Khalil H, Qamar R. The role of cloud computing in smart home automation. Int J Cloud Comput Serv Sci. 2020;8(1):15–23. doi:10.11591/ijccs.v8i1.5227.
19. Xu B, Liu W. Smart home energy management: challenges and solutions. Energy Rep. 2021;7:3062–3070. doi:10.1016/j.egyr.2021.06.032.
20. Suthar S, Kaur S. Technological innovations in smart home automation and security. Int J Comput Appl. 2019;40(6):50–60. doi:10.5120/ijca2019917789.
21. Miao X, Li H. Smart home energy consumption optimization via IoT and AI. J Build Perform. 2020;11(5):98–105. doi:10.3846/jbp.2020.5335.
22. Liu Y, Han Z. User-centric smart home design: a review of technologies and trends. J Build Eng. 2018;22:263–274. doi:10.1016/j.jobe.2018.11.010.
23. Kim S, Lee C. Automation in smart homes: enhancing user experience. Int J Hum Comput Interact. 2020;36(1):34–42. doi:10.1080/10447318.2020.1712070.
24. Li T, Xie Z. Cloud-based smart home system for sustainable living. Sustain Cities Soc. 2017;32:456–463. doi:10.1016/j.scs.2017.04.006.
25. Varma D, Soni S. Edge computing for smart homes: a comprehensive review. J Netw Comput Appl. 2021;171:102827. doi:10.1016/j.jnca.2020.102827.
26. Yan X, Li S. Smart homes and privacy issues: a comprehensive review. IEEE Internet Things J. 2019;6(6):10514–10525. doi:10.1109/JIOT.2019.2942844.
27. Mokhtari M, Fallah M. Sustainability in smart homes: an energy and environmental impact review. Renew Sustain Energy Rev. 2019;104:34–43. doi:10.1016/j.rser.2019.01.047.
28. Zhang P, Liu H. Security and privacy in smart homes: a survey of approaches and challenges. Comput Secur. 2020;91:101705. doi:10.1016/j.cose.2020.101705.
29. Parvez I, Ahamed S. Smart home systems: key technologies, challenges, and future directions. Future Gener Comput Syst. 2021;114:42–55. doi:10.1016/j.future.2020.07.037.
30. Kim T, Chang Y. The impact of smart home systems on energy saving and environmental sustainability. Environ Sci Technol. 2018;52(8):4659–4667. doi:10.1021/acs.est.7b06307.