By: Yelwa Jibrin
National Research Institute for Chemical Technology
Steel slag, a byproduct of the steelmaking process, is generated at an estimated 160 kg per ton of
steel production. This study explores the chemical and mineral compositions of steel slag,
highlighting key compounds such as SiO2, CaO, Fe2O3, Al2O3, and MnO, along with mineral
components like C3S, C2S, C4AF, and free-CaO. The research emphasizes the extensive applications of
steel slag in cement-based products, ceramics, road paving, and concrete admixtures. Specifically, it
evaluates the incorporation of steel slag into road construction materials, categorizing it as a
naturally occurring material, industry byproduct, and reusable construction material. With an annual
production of approximately 24 million metric tons of slag waste in India, this study investigates the
recycling potential of steel slag in enhancing the geotechnical properties of new road construction.
The optimal application of slag, mixed with soil in proportions ranging from 5 to 25%, is assessed for
its impact on soil stabilization and embankment formation. Additionally, the environmental
suitability of steel slag is confirmed based on the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) of India’s
findings that classify it as non-hazardous. The study further explores the use of Granulated Blast
Furnace Slag (GBFS) in high-performance concrete, highlighting its effectiveness as a landfill cover
liner and its role in enhancing asphaltic concrete’s stability and resistance. The research concludes by
evaluating the technological advancements and best practices for steel slag utilization, aiming to
optimize the environmental and geotechnical benefits in road construction while minimizing
potential environmental impacts.
Citation:
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