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414 articles for “architectural”
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Enhancing Facial Expression Analysis Using CNNs: Insights from ML and Deep Learning Comparisons
Abstract: Emotion recognition from facial manifestations increases the interaction between humans and computers by enabling the interaction between humans and computers to effectively explain human feelings. This study presents a comparative analysis of three approaches to the emotional recognition of faces: a custom Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) model, Traditional Machine Learning (ML) methods, and other deep learning architectures such as VGG, ResNet, and Hybrid CNN–RNN models. The proposed CNN-based system, developed …
Published in International Journal of Image Processing and Pattern Recognition · Vol. 12, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 23–31 Read article
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Design and Implementation of 32-Bit High Speed Vedic Multiplier
Abstract: To accomplish quicker and more effective calculation, this project combines a Kogge-Stone Adder with the Vedic Urdhva Tiryagbhyam (vertical and crosswise) multiplication method to create a high-speed 32-bit binary multiplier. The KoggeStone Adder minimizes total latency by reducing carry delay at the final addition stage, while the Vedic algorithm allows partial products to be formed simultaneously, increasing speed. This architecture divides 32-bit values into smaller components, multiplies them in parallel, …
Published in International Journal of Microelectronics and Digital integrated circuits · Vol. 12, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 18–26 Read article
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A Overview on Reimagining MOSFET as Precision Thermal Sensor
Abstract: In the landscape of modern microelectronics, the transition from discrete sensing components to fully integrated silicon solutions have become a necessity for the advancement of the Internet of Things (IoT) and high-performance computing. This design explores the utilization of the MOSFET as a primary temperature-sensing transducer, leveraging its inherent thermal sensitivity rather than treating heat as a parasitic interference. By operating the MOSFET in the subthreshold (weak inversion) or saturation …
Published in International Journal of Analog Integrated Circuits · Vol. 12, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 8–13 Read article
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High-Tech Battery Management Systems with Integrated Battery Electronics
Abstract: “Sophisticated BMSs with onboard battery electronics are a paradigm shift in battery technology, sensitive enough to meet the increasing needs of contemporary applications like electric vehicles, renewable energy storage, and portable devices. This paper discusses the architecture and functional aspects of the integrated systems in optimizing performance, safety, and lifespan through real-time monitoring and control of individual cells. Integrating critical electronics directly onto the battery structure, such systems minimize complexity …
Published in International Journal of Power Electronics Controllers and Converters · Vol. 12, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 21–28 Read article
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Future-Ready Library Buildings: AI and IoT for Equity and Compliance
Abstract: Libraries are buildings presenting unique challenges when integrating different types of spaces under a single roof, like quiet reading spaces, central lobbies, book staging areas, archival rooms, discussion zones, seminar rooms, e-resources labs, etc. These spaces require specialized norms related to construction and involve varied daylighting requirements, anthropometric needs, indoor air environment requirements, and other specific functional needs. Moreover, libraries must follow various requirements mentioned in relevant IS codes, fire …
Published in International Journal of Sustainable Building Technology · Vol. 9, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 19–24 Read article
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Rural electrification through micro-grid design case study
Abstract: We introduce the design and experimental demonstration of a scalable DC micro-grid for rural electrification in the developing regions. The distributed control of the grid voltage is one of the main features of the DC micro-grid architecture, which allows both instantaneous power sharing and a metric for available grid power. A droop-voltage power-sharing scheme is utilized wherein the bus voltage decreases in response to low supply/high demand. Besides that, the …
Published in International Journal of Power Electronics Controllers and Converters · Vol. 12, Issue 1, 2026 Read article
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AI-Integrated Precision Agriculture System for Fertilizer Optimization, Multimodal Crop Yield Prediction
Abstract: Agriculture is rapidly transforming into a data-driven ecosystem supported by advances in artificial intelligence (AI), Internet of Things (IoT) sensor networks, and satellite remote sensing technologies. These innovations enable precision-driven decision-making aimed at improving productivity while minimizing environmental impact. This paper presents an AI-integrated precision agriculture system designed to optimize fertilizer usage and enhance crop yield prediction accuracy through a robust multimodal deep learning framework. The proposed approach integrates heterogeneous …
Published in International Journal of Plant Biotechnology · Vol. 12, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 11–17 Read article
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THE DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF AN INVERTER SYSTEM
Abstract: Efficient inverter technologies have become necessary due to the growing need for dependable,sustainable, and affordable power supply systems. An electronic device known as an invertersystem transforms direct current (DC) from a battery or renewable energy source into alternatingcurrent (AC), which can be used to power appliances in homes, businesses, and industries. Thisstudy aims to provide a thorough description of the architecture, construction, and operation of auseful and effective inverter system. …
Published in International Journal of Microelectronics and Digital integrated circuits · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2025 Read article
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Town and House Planning in India Before Independence
Abstract: This article examines the progression of urban and residential planning in India before its independence in 1947, emphasizing on the socio-cultural, political, and economic factors that influenced urban growth. India’s pre-independence urban planning shows a long history of creative architecture and flexible design. For example, the Indus Valley Civilization had well-planned towns, while the Mughal and British colonial periods had well-planned cities. The research investigates indigenous planning ideas derived from …
Published in International Journal of Town Planning and Management · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 61–72 Read article
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Deep Learning with CNNs: A Survey of Techniques and Real-World Applications
Abstract: Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) have emerged one of the most powerfully used tools in deep learning, particularly in image and pattern recognition tasks. CNNs are being revolutionized through deep learning resulting in a dominant architecture in computer vision as well as other various domains. This paper provides a comprehensive survey of CNN-based deep learning, its methodologies, regularizations, and computational efficiencies. We also address the challenges and future directions of CNN. …
Published in International Journal of Image Processing and Pattern Recognition · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 1–5 Read article
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Improved Programming Model Using AI: Shifting from Imperative Coding to Declarative Intent
Abstract: The contemporary software development lifecycle is burdened by significant cognitive friction, characterized by high demands for syntax recall, boilerplate management, and painstaking manual debugging. This paper proposes and examines a novel programming model built upon deeply embedded artificial intelligence, moving beyond simple code completion tools to establish a truly intent-based, declarative development environment. The proposed model leverages specialized large language models and domain-specific generative agents (Cognitive Programming Assistants, or CPAs) …
Published in International Journal of Software Computing and Testing · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 1–9 Read article
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A Critical Study of Virtualization Technologies for Design of Web 3.0 Applications
Abstract: Web 3.0 represents a paradigm shift toward decentralized, user-centric internet applications built on blockchain technology, semantic web principles, and distributed systems. Virtualization technologies play a crucial role in enabling the infrastructure, scalability, and resource management required for Web 3.0 applications. This review article critically examines the intersection of virtualization technologies and Web 3.0 application design, exploring how containerization, virtual machines, serverless computing, and network virtualization facilitate decentralized architectures. We analyze …
Published in International Journal of Distributed Computing and Technology · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 6–12 Read article
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Nyler 3D Wool Technology: Redefining Textiles for a Sustainable and Functional Future
Abstract: Nyler is a 3D wool technology that represents a revolutionary convergence of natural fibers and additive manufacturing. It enables the design and fabrication of complex, seamless, and high-performance textile structures with applications in fashion, architecture, healthcare, and aerospace. With rising concerns about sustainability and waste in the textile industry, wool's renewable, biodegradable, and durable properties position it as a key material for 3D-printed or digitally fabricated textiles of the future. …
Published in International Journal of Sustainable Building Technology · Vol. 8, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 1–7 Read article
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Sustainability Through Materials: Exploring Green Practices in Hospitals
Abstract: Organizations are rapidly adopting sustainability for the betterment of the environment and people. Green practices are being adopted as a part of sustainability, and they aim at reducing energy usage as well as material use. Green hospitals are an outcome of the practices adopted under green architecture. Previous studies have found that people, both attendants and patients, visiting such hospitals tend to feel better in a green environment. Their perceptions …
Published in International Journal of Construction Engineering and Planning · Vol. 11, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 28–34 Read article
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Impact of Residential Building Decay on Indoor Space Optimization in Port Harcourt Municipality
Abstract: Residential buildings, when provided, are expected to satisfy design requirements and stay in a healthy, sustainable, and safe condition within their lifespan before the issue of decay sets in. But in recent times, the issues of early decay of residential building components and materials resulting in limitation in usable indoor spaces in residential buildings in Port Harcourt Municipality have become a source of concern to building owners, occupants, and the …
Published in International Journal of Sustainable Building Technology · Vol. 8, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 1–9 Read article
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Advances in Machine Learning and Data Analytics: A Multidisciplinary Synthesis
Abstract: Machine learning has emerged as a key driver of innovation across a wide range of fields. Its transformative potential is evident in natural language processing, computer vision, and real-time automation, where it addresses intricate challenges with remarkable efficiency. This paper delves into recent developments in machine learning, spotlighting techniques, such as semi-supervised learning frameworks, stable diffusion models for generative tasks, and advanced lightweight architecture for real-time defection detection. By integrating …
Published in International Journal of Distributed Computing and Technology · Vol. 11, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 12–17 Read article
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Review and Analysis of Fault Detection in Self-Healing Hardware System
Abstract: Self-healing hardware systems represent a transformative advancement in fault tolerance, enabling devices to autonomously detect, diagnose, and recover from malfunctions to ensure continuous and reliable operation. This paper explores the critical role of fault detection techniques in self-healing systems, focusing on methods such as built-in self-test (BIST), redundancy, and machine learning-based approaches. These techniques facilitate proactive and real-time fault resolution, addressing the limitations of traditional reactive strategies. The study highlights …
Published in International Journal of Analog Integrated Circuits · Vol. 11, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 11–15 Read article
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From Early Innovations to Modern Breakthroughs: The Evolution and Applications of Microprocessors
Abstract: Microprocessors have revolutionized modern technology, starting with the groundbreaking Intel 4004, the first commercially available microprocessor. These versatile chips have since evolved dramatically, advancing from 4-bit architectures to today\u2019s 64-bit ultra-core processors. This paper explores the progression of microprocessor technology, highlighting key milestones, such as the introduction of integrated circuits, multi-core architectures, and advanced instruction sets. The study examines microprocessors’ widespread applications, including personal computing, gaming, consumer electronics, and industrial …
Published in International Journal of Embedded Systems and Emerging Technologies · Vol. 11, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 7–14 Read article
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Improvement in Output Power by Designing Adaptive Reference Control for Boost Converter in Solar System
Abstract: solution using an FPGA as the master device. The study demonstrates the significance of FSM implementation in HDL coding, as well as how the architecture for protocol implementation in customizable devices has evolved. Solar power systems are generally classified into two main types: off-grid and on-grid systems. Off-grid solar setups operate independently, using photovoltaic (PV) panels and battery storage to produce and store electricity without any connection to the main …
Published in International Journal of Power Electronics Controllers and Converters · Vol. 11, Issue 1, 2025 Read article
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Role of User Experience in Designing Human Settlements for Composite Climate
Abstract: Integrated settlements designed in a composite climate, characterised by vast variations in temperature, humidity, and seasonal extremes require the need to consider both the environment and the people. As end-users, through User Experience (UX) practices, it is always possible to improve the liveability and sustainability of such settlements. In this research, a questionnaire that aims at gathering user insights on how to design human settlements for composite climates is applied …
Published in International Journal of Housing and Human Settlement Planning · Vol. 11, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 28–36 Read article