Search
569 articles for “Availability”
-
Study of the energy utilisation characteristics of solid state hydrogen storage and recovery systems
Abstract: The energy usage patterns during solid state hydrogen storage and retrieval on commercially available hydride forming alloys have been examined in this work through thermodynamic model based calculations, considering the entire storage and recovery system. It is calculated that energy (mechanical and thermal) equivalent to about 16 to 30% of the stored hydrogen energy is involved in the hydriding step, while 9 to 40% of the stored hydrogen energy equivalent …
Published in International Journal of Chemical Engineering and Processing · Vol. 6, Issue 1, 2020 · pp. 51–61 Read article
-
Overview of Petrochemical Solid Waste Composition and Impact on the Environment
Abstract: ABSTRACTPetrochemicals refer to all those compounds that can be derived from the petroleum refinery products. Petrochemical industries impart vital role in the national economy. Environmental issues have now become important considerations due to the potential harmful impacts produced by chemical releases. Unsafe emissions may be due to improper production process, poor maintenance practices and internal operational process problems. Petrochemicals cause acute and chronic health diseases such as ulcer, allergy, cancer, …
Published in International Journal of Chemical Engineering and Processing · Vol. 6, Issue 2, 2020 · pp. 6–11 Read article
-
Influences of Layered Silicate Modification and Compatibilizers on the Properties of Polypropylene Nanocomposites
Abstract: In this study, polypropylene (PP) organo-layered silicate nanocomposites based on organo-muscovite (OM) were fabricated using co-rotating twin-screw extruder. Polypropylene grafted maleic anhydride (PPMA) and potassium succinate modified polypropylene grafted maleic anhydride (PPKS) were used as a compatibilizer in the nanocomposite system. The influences of layered silicate modification and compatibilizers on the morphological, mechanical, thermal and rheological features of PP/PPMA/OM and PP/PPKS/OM nanocomposites were examined. TEM micrographs were made which showed …
Published in International Journal of Chemical Engineering and Processing · Vol. 7, Issue 1, 2021 · pp. 36–44 Read article
-
Modelling the Effect of Functional Parameter Upon Temperature on The Biodegradation Rate of Hydrocarbons: A Mathematical Review
Abstract: As oil industries continue exploration and exploitation of the environment, the tendency of oil spillage, and by extension, pollution of the marine and coastal environment is on the rise. Therefore, this research work reviews the methodologies or ways of curbing this menace which includes the use ofmicrobes to consume or ‘eat up’ such oil spills in a series of redox processes. However, several factors affect the rate of consumption of …
Published in International Journal of Chemical Engineering and Processing · Vol. 8, Issue 1, 2022 · pp. 43–49 Read article
-
Evaluation of Reciprocating Pump Operation Using Reliability Analysis
Abstract: In this work, the aim is to carry out a reliability analysis of reciprocating pump operation. The reciprocating pump system and components were evaluated using the Weibull Analysis to obtain reliability, maintainability, availability, and unreliability. The number of failures (NF), mean time between failure (MTBF), Mean Up-Time (MUT), Time to Repair (TTR), Probability Density Function (PDF), Cumulative Density Function (CDF), Hazard Rate and Desirable Time for Systematic Intervention were also …
Published in International Journal of Chemical Engineering and Processing · Vol. 8, Issue 2, 2022 · pp. 30–42 Read article
-
Monitoring the Effect of Temperature on Percentage of Petroleum Hydrocarbon Remediation in Packed Bed Units using Agro-Based Adsorbents
Abstract: This research demonstrates the significance of adsorbent and packed bed unit or column for the treatment of water medium contaminated with petroleum hydrocarbon. The investigation further revealed the effect of temperature on the performance of the adsorbent in treatment of water medium contaminated with petroleum hydrocarbon. The investigation delved deeper into understanding the influence of temperature on the adsorbent's efficacy in treating water mediums contaminated with petroleum hydrocarbon. The study …
Published in International Journal of Chemical Engineering and Processing · Vol. 9, Issue 2, 2023 · pp. 35–47 Read article
-
Application of Acid Treated Carbon Derived from Biomass (Lantana camara) for Removal of Phenol from Aqueous Solutions
Abstract: The presence of phenolic compounds is toxic and harmful to human health and aquatic life. Five biomass: cotton stalk, rice straw, bagasse, wheat straw and Lantana camara were characterized. Based on characterization and availability, Lantana camara (LC) was selected for study as an adsorbent. LC and activated Lantana camara (ALC) were further characterized and studied for their suitability as the commercial adsorbent for removal of phenol. Equilibrium study on ALC …
Published in International Journal of Environmental Chemistry · Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2017 · pp. 1–8 Read article
-
Manufacturing and Recycling of Plastic Versus Paper bags: Implications on the Environment
Abstract: Disposable bags although convenient for daily use but they have several risk factors associated when it comes to the environment. As per the estimates of Environmental Protection Agency, approximately five hundred billion and one trillion disposable bags are used each year around the world. Disposable bags and other bags used for day-to-day need are available in diverse types, based on the material they are made of. Here, is an outline …
Published in International Journal of Environmental Chemistry · Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2017 · pp. 9–12 Read article
-
Modeling the Diffusion Characteristics of Sawdust in Crude Oil Medium
Abstract: Over the years, oil spill pollution has become an important issue of concern due to its serious environmental impact; Therefore natural organic sorbent such as Abura sawdust was used for oil spill cleanup due to its availability, eco-friendliness and low cost, and was selected as the preferred sorbent and the effects of sorbent contact time and its particle size on oil adsorption capacity were evaluated for the systems of dry …
Published in International Journal of Environmental Chemistry · Vol. 4, Issue 1, 2018 · pp. 44–57 Read article
-
UNIT OPERATIONS IN CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES
Abstract: The unit operation like distillation, absorption, evaporation, filtration, drying, etc. are most important factors. Distillation is a purification method for liquids and can separate components of a mixture if they have significantly different boiling points. Absorption is a physical or chemical phenomenon. Evaporation can be defined as the process where liquid is transformed into a gaseous state. Evaporation can occur only when water is available. Drying is an important unit …
Published in International Journal of Environmental Chemistry · Vol. 5, Issue 2, 2019 · pp. 11–29 Read article
-
Evaluation of Some Trace Metals (Zn, Cd, Cu and Pb) in Sewage Sludge Samples Taken from Some Pumping Stations in Benghazi-Libya
Abstract: Due to the little data available on the levels of trace metals concentration in sewage sludge in and around Benghazi city, it was necessary to determine the current concentration, composition, distribution and sources of trace metals in the sludge of different wastewater treatment plants. Accordingly, raw sewage sludge samples collected from sixteen wastewater-pumping stations at Benghazi city have undergone evaluation of pH and some trace metals concentrations (mainly Zn, Cd, …
Published in International Journal of Environmental Chemistry · Vol. 6, Issue 2, 2020 · pp. 13–19 Read article
-
Determination of the Flow Velocity Resistance in Non- Submerged Woody Plants
Abstract: Vegetation on the bank of a river or stream has a major influence on resistance, velocity distribution,and turbulence force. The resistance to flow in open channels depends on different channel and flow parameters. Out of many factors, vegetation is the mainly important parameter in open channels. In this study have been five points to measure the velocity in the channel. The experimental work has been done by a rectangular channel …
Published in International Journal of Environmental Chemistry · Vol. 8, Issue 1, 2022 · pp. 1–7 Read article
-
Effective Utilization of Agricultural Waste for Removal of Heavy Metals from Waste Streams
Abstract: The progress of industrialization and urbanization poses a great threat to the comfort of people's lives. The production and disposal of large amounts of toxic pollutants have severely polluted our environment. The most hazardous contaminants in soils and surface waters include some organic compounds, like synthetic dyes (SD) and toxic substances (heavy metals). It is of great interest worldwide due to its toxicity to many organisms. An important topic is …
Published in International Journal of Environmental Chemistry · Vol. 8, Issue 2, 2022 · pp. 1–11 Read article
-
Preparation and Characterization of Ce-Si-SBA-15 Modified With Iron
Abstract: Recently environmental concerns have driven the development of specialized catalysts to prevent polluting substances from being released into the environment. New technologies have improvised our understanding of catalytic functions as well as selectivity in order to save the energy and chemicals. Today, catalysis is the workhorse in the chemical industry with approximately >90% of the products produced in catalytic processes. In addition, life cannot exist without catalysis, as virtually all …
Published in International Journal of Chemical Synthesis and Chemical Reactions · Vol. 2, Issue 1, 2016 Read article
-
ANALYSIS OF FE AND TOTAL IRON BINDING CAPACITY (TIBC) IN CORD AND MATERNAL BLOOD SERUM
Abstract: This work explains the correlation between antenatal maternal blood and umbilical cord blood iron levels and it was not found to be closely related previously. It is observed that economic background of the patients influences the normal range of Iron binding level in Umbilical cord blood of the neonates selected from a government hospital, India. This investigation concludes that low Fe content in Umbilical cord blood makes the child susceptible …
Published in International Journal of Chemical Synthesis and Chemical Reactions · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2017 · pp. 25–37 Read article
-
Experimental Study on Synthesis of Shear Thickening Fluid
Abstract: A novel class of nanosuspension material called shear thickening fluids (STFs) are created by dispersing micro- and nanoparticles in a dispersant. It is an intelligent material with excellent performance. When a modest shear rate is used, STFs are easily distorted. A material with noticeably improved characteristics is produced by this mixture (STF) of flowable and rigid components at a certain composition. Silica nanoparticles dispersed in a liquid polymer solution were …
Published in International Journal of Chemical Synthesis and Chemical Reactions · Vol. 8, Issue 2, 2022 · pp. 1–6 Read article
-
Theoretical Insights Into Structure, Electronic Properties, and Ion-pair Interactions In Organopalladium Salts [Pd(p-XC6H3CHMeNH2) (tmeda)] [BF4] AND [Pd(p-XC6H3CHMeNH2) (tmeda)] [PF6] (X = H, F, Me)
Abstract: The geometries of organopalladium salts [Pd(p-XC6H3CHMeNH2) (tmeda)] [BF4] and [Pd(pXC6H3CHMeNH2) (tmeda)] [PF6] (X = H, F, Me) (I-VI) have been optimized using BP86 and TPSS density functional at dispersion corrected DFT-D3(BJ) method. The optimized geometries of the salt [Pd(C6H4CHMeNH2) (tmeda)] [BF4] using TPSS functional in methanol slvent is in good agreement with available experimental data. The N1-Ha bond distances are longer than the N1-Hb bonds. The counterion strongly affects the …
Published in International Journal of Chemical Synthesis and Chemical Reactions · Vol. 9, Issue 1, 2023 · pp. 11–21 Read article
-
Deciphering Foam: Exploring Antifoaming Agents and Their Mechanism
Abstract: Antifoaming agents are critical additives employed in industrial processes to counter foam formation, which can hinder efficiency and cause equipment damage. These agents, available in various formulations like silicone-based, mineral oil-based, and polyethylene glycol-based, are selected based on specific foam properties and operating conditions. Choosing the right antifoam agent is crucial, with silicone-based ones often preferred for their stability and effectiveness across different pH levels and temperatures. Conversely, mineral oil-based …
Published in International Journal of Chemical Synthesis and Chemical Reactions · Vol. 9, Issue 2, 2023 · pp. 32–36 Read article
-
India: towards new and renewable energy sources for growing energy demand
Abstract: The availability of electricity in rural areas of India is still a distant dream. Energy plays vital role in achieving productivity, prosperity and comfort level of nation. Per capita energy is an indicator of the standard of living of people, energy acess of the people and growth of a country. Renewable energy is playing an important role in providing quality energy acess to these people which can help in mitigating …
Published in International Journal of Renewable Energy and its Commercialization · Vol. 1, Issue 2, 2015 · pp. 1–5 Read article
-
A Vision of Energy Scenario in India
Abstract: India is a developing country with its population increasing at an alarming rate. It has 29 different states and 7 union territories. Owing to its huge population size, fulfilling the energy requirements of its people is a challenging task for India. Several energy sources are available that helps our country in achieving this task. Here is a brief overview of the energy scenario in last 10-15 years.
Published in International Journal of Renewable Energy and its Commercialization · Vol. 2, Issue 2, 2016 · pp. 25–26 Read article