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480 articles for “LES”
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An efficient design approach of 5-bit digitally controlled phase shifter using 130nm SiGe based BiCMOS technology for Ka –band applications
Abstract: This paper present 5-bit digital controlled phase shifter using 130nm SiGe based BiCMOS technology. Three different approaches have used to achieve the desired phase shift with low insertion loss, accurate phase shift with good input and output return loss. The 180◦bit of phase shifter has design using switch network topology. Bridge-T network topology has used for designing of 22.5◦, 45◦ and 90◦.Band pass topology has used for designing of 11.25◦. …
Published in International Journal of Broadband Cellular Communication · Vol. 7, Issue 2, 2021 · pp. 7–13 Read article
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Artificial Intelligence Based Twitter Sentiment Estimation
Abstract: Twitter is platform which provide services like micro blogging in which user have to write the thought in less than 140 words. The objective of tweet sentiment analysis is to view as the positive, negative,or impartial, happy, sad, satisfied, and other emotional sentiment part in the twitter information. Sentiment analysis can assist any association with tracking down individuals' assessments of theirorganization and items. Twitter is increasing their services at an …
Published in International Journal of Broadband Cellular Communication · Vol. 8, Issue 1, 2022 · pp. 6–12 Read article
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Horn Antenna Analysis and Simulation for the High-Frequency Electromagnetic Compatibility Band 18-40 GHz
Abstract: An antenna is a type of transducer that converts radio signals into alternating electromagnetic waves before transmitting them into space. Polarization is a phase in the selection and installation of an antenna. It can send and receive signals. An antenna is a metal structure that transmits or receives electromagnetic radiation. The antenna, on the other hand, connects the directing device to free space. It sends a signal from the generator …
Published in International Journal of Broadband Cellular Communication · Vol. 9, Issue 1, 2023 · pp. 10–24 Read article
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BER Analysis of Digital Modulation Schemes for OFDM System
Abstract: The growth in the field of communication and the requirement of high-speed and secured data transmission are increasing day by day. Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing modulation technique is a new technique which supports high-speed data transmission. It is a method of signal modulation that divides a high data rate modulating stream into several slowly modulated narrowband close-spaced subcarriers, and in this way, it is less sensitive to frequency-selective fading. The present …
Published in International Journal of Digital Communication and Analog Signals · Vol. 4, Issue 1, 2018 · pp. 15–23 Read article
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PAPR Reduction in OFDM Using DCT Precoded SLM Technique
Abstract: Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) is a particular form of multi-carrier modulation. OFDM is a combination of modulation and multiplexing which is robust against the multipath effect, intersymbol interference and high spectral efficiency. However, peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) is a major drawback in the system since this leads to the distortion problem in the linear devices such as the power amplifier (PA). Thus, the PAs require a back-off which is …
Published in International Journal of Digital Communication and Analog Signals · Vol. 4, Issue 1, 2018 · pp. 33–39 Read article
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Review Paper on Load Sensing Seat with Light and Fan Control
Abstract: ABSTRACTThe Project ‘Load Sensing Seat with Light and Fan Control using ATmega8 microcontroller'. We use two parts in this project includes Load cell and ATmega8 microcontroller. A load cell is used to control a fan using the ATmega8 microcontroller. Load cell that is embedded into seats to detect if the human is sitting on it. The load cell will give the signal to the hx711 load cell amplifier which gives …
Published in International Journal of Digital Communication and Analog Signals · Vol. 6, Issue 1, 2020 Read article
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High frequency design approach and feasibility study of HBT based W-band (90.0GHz-100.0GHz) amplifier using 130nm SiGe based BiCMOS technology
Abstract: This paper present high frequency design approach and feasibility study of HBT (Hetero Junction Bipolar Transistor) based two stage cascode amplifiers at W-band (90.0GHz-100.0GHz). The proposed amplifier has design using 130nm SiGe based BiCMOS technology. This paper used low cost technology for designing of w-band amplifier and this is novelty of this paper. The schematic design and feasibility study has been carried out using Cadence software. The selection of active …
Published in International Journal of Digital Communication and Analog Signals · Vol. 7, Issue 2, 2021 · pp. 1–7 Read article
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A Hybrid BPS-DCT Based Digital Image Watermarking Technique
Abstract: In this paper a hybrid algorithm using Bit Plane Slicing (BPS) and Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) for digital image watermarking is proposed. There are two main requirements for digital image watermarking: imperceptibility and robustness. Imperceptibility is measured by Peak Signal to Noise Ratio and robustness is obtained by correlation between original and extracted watermark image. In this algorithm an image and watermark is first sliced into its bit planes using …
Published in International Journal of Digital Communication and Analog Signals · Vol. 7, Issue 2, 2021 · pp. 31–40 Read article
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Cyber Security: An Attack, Threat, Vulnerability
Abstract: The broad focus of this study is on an attack on, a risk to, and flaws in the digital foundation, which includes organisations, undertaking organisations, intranets, and their use of digital disruptions. To accomplish this goal, the paper endeavors to make sense of the significance g in network interruptions and digital robbery. Additionally, the reasons behind the rapid growth of cybercrime are examined in unique detail. The paper likewise incorporates …
Published in International Journal of Digital Communication and Analog Signals · Vol. 8, Issue 2, 2022 · pp. 16–21 Read article
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Power Quality Enhancement in 3P4W Electrical Distribution System by using DCMLI-DSTATCOM-TIES with Reliability Study
Abstract: The Quality of the output power from the utilities has become a serious concern of the trendy industries. These power quality associated issues area unit voltage sag, surge, flicker, voltage imbalance, interruptions and harmonic issues. These power quality issues might cause issues to the industries starting from haywire of kit to finish plant close up. It’s been known that power quality will be degraded each owing to utility aspect abnormalities …
Published in International Journal of Electrical Power System and Technology · Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2017 · pp. 16–33 Read article
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A Short Review on Energy Crisis in Pakistan and Sustainable Energy Solutions
Abstract: Energy plays an important role in the economy of a developing country like Pakistan. Energy crises have become a major issue all over the world. World population is increasing and the conventional energy resources are decreasing day by day. Pakistan unfortunately has a wide gap between energy production and requirement. The government of Pakistan must take some wise decisions to narrow this gap. Pakistan is a blessed country with different …
Published in International Journal of Electrical Power System and Technology · Vol. 4, Issue 2, 2018 · pp. 1–11 Read article
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Economic Load Dispatch: A Review
Abstract: In this paper, the problems related to economic load dispatch (ELD) have been discussed. The ELD problem can be conceived as an optimization problem of minimizing the total fuel cost of all generating units while satisfying the demand and losses. The ELD problems have non-smooth objective function with equality and inequality constraints. The economic dispatch problem means the real and reactive power of the generator varies within the certain limits …
Published in International Journal of Electrical Power System and Technology · Vol. 5, Issue 2, 2019 · pp. 24–29 Read article
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To Study Using Green Computing Techniques to Reduce Power Consumption in the Cloud Environment
Abstract: The concept of "Cloud computing" is important because of the current, rapid increase in computing capacity. However, in cloud computing, sophisticated processing needs are met by high-performance cloud servers. Computational units use up a lot of electricity when operating. Hazardous gases are also emitted into the atmosphere at the same time. By proposing innovative techniques that would function effectively while using less energy and being more environmentally friendly, the concept …
Published in International Journal of Electrical Power System and Technology · Vol. 8, Issue 2, 2022 · pp. 37–45 Read article
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A Novel Honey Badger Optimization MPPT Control for a High Gain Non-Isolated DC–DC Converter for PV Applications
Abstract: The Pulse-width modulation (PWM), a technique used by DC-DC power converters, is currently a hot topic in a variety of applications, including those utilising renewable energy sources. Thus, A novel, The development of a very effective non-isolated converter. To extract the maximum PV system power. In varying weather conditions, maximum power is used to control PV system loading. The maximum power of a PV system is controlled using a fractional …
Published in International Journal of Electrical Power System and Technology · Vol. 9, Issue 1, 2023 · pp. 38–50 Read article
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An Effective Obstacle Alert Parking System based on AT89S52 Microcontroller using Ultrasonic sensor
Abstract: On grounds of safety & security, automation & protection are the areas which find their applications in almost all the fields as they make human life more comfortable, economic & less rigid. This paper is about for developing a module which assists and warn a car driver it continuously detects the obstacle so as to avoid accidental situation while reversing the vehicle. This system can be used in vehicles, handy …
Published in International Journal of Embedded Systems and Emerging Technologies · Vol. 1, Issue 2, 2016 · pp. 29–35 Read article
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A New Prepaid Energy Meter using AT89S52 microcontroller
Abstract: A plan of Electricity charging system called PREPAID ENERGY METER WITH TARIFF INDICATOR can encourage in enhanced trade stream administration out energy utilities and can diminishes issue connected with charging buyer living in confined range and decreases organization of labor for taking meter readings. Each shopper can purchase a memory card (is only an EEPROM IC) with a secret word put away inside it utilizing a MC program. The memory …
Published in International Journal of Embedded Systems and Emerging Technologies · Vol. 1, Issue 2, 2016 · pp. 36–40 Read article
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Methodologies and Bioengineering Applications of Microfluidic Laboratory-on-a-Chip Systems
Abstract: Any microchannel has at least one of the height, width, diameter or length having the dimension of less than one millimeter. Microfluidics is the subject dealing with the movements of liquid or gas inside the microchannels. The principles of microfluidics are highly used in the microfluidic lab-on-a-chip systems to achieve the desired operation. In the last few years, the microfabrication methodologies are highly improved to fabricate the microfluidic lab-on-a-chip systems …
Published in International Journal of Embedded Systems and Emerging Technologies · Vol. 4, Issue 1, 2018 · pp. 1–3 Read article
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Review on GABASS (Genetic Algorithm Based Attributes Subset Selection) Using Naïve Bayes Classifier
Abstract: ABSTRACT In the present work, review on Genetic Algorithm based Attributes Subset Selection using Naïve Bayes Classifier is presented. A dataset can contain a few components. Many clustering strategies are intended for grouping low-dimensional information. In highdimensional space discovering groups of information objects is trying because of the scourge of dimensionality. At the point when the dimensionality expands, information in the immaterial measurements may create much commotion and veil the …
Published in International Journal of Embedded Systems and Emerging Technologies · Vol. 4, Issue 2, 2018 · pp. 21–27 Read article
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Multi-Modal Summarization for Digital Data
Abstract: ABSTRACTText summarization aims to abbreviate input text into a compact form. Automatic data summarization is one of the field of data mining. The increase in expansion of data communication over the net makes it crucial to create Multi-Modal Summarization (MMS) from synchronous data (text, audio, image and video). The MMS method combining the techniques of Natural Language Processing (NLP), speech processing, computer vision, and Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) encryption used …
Published in International Journal of Embedded Systems and Emerging Technologies · Vol. 6, Issue 1, 2020 · pp. 28–34 Read article
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A Multi Module Fuel cell Power System Feeding DC Load
Abstract: The conventional energy resources present in nature are limited and exhaustible, if it would be used with the rate at which it is being used in today's era then it will be vanished up. So we have to go with the alternative i.e.it is necessary to promote nonconventional energy resources as main source of energy. Fuel cell power generation systems (FCPGS) are going to play an important role for future …
Published in International Journal of Microelectronics and Digital integrated circuits · Vol. 2, Issue 1, 2016 · pp. 34–41 Read article