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42 articles for “Aromaticity”
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Bioaccumulation, Bioconcentration, and Biomagnification: Justification for Expediting the Clean-up of Contaminated Mangroves in Ogoniland
Abstract: Mangroves, which once served as natural reservoir of beneficial seafood to the inhabitants of ogoniland, an oil-rich community in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria, now, pose serious ecological and health risks to the people. Crude oil exploration and exploitation in this region have brought about increased release of harmful chemical substances into these mangrove environments. These chemicals build up in the native flora and fauna associated with the ecosystem …
Published in International Journal of Industrial Biotechnology and Biomaterials · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2017 · pp. 45–49 Read article
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Study on the Significance of Water Treatment Using Activated Carbon from Palm Bunch Fiber
Abstract: Activated carbon produced from palm bunch fibers was investigated for water treatment with the aim to improve water quality for industrial consumption and not for humans and animal consumption. Dominantly the activated carbon produced from palm bunch fiber was used for treatment of industrial effluent water and the application is environmental friendly. The high alkali concentration in the activated carbon improved the pH level of the treated water from 4.03 …
Published in International Journal of Industrial Biotechnology and Biomaterials · Vol. 6, Issue 1, 2020 · pp. 30–46 Read article
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Thiamine Hydrochloride (VB1) in Water: A Privileged Synthetic Route to Benzimidazole Derivatives
Abstract: Thiamine hydrochloride (VB1) is found to be an inexpensive, efficient, non-toxic and mild catalyst for the cyclocondensation of o-phenylinediamine and aromatic/heteroaromatic/aliphatic aldehydes in water at moderate temperature. The present work contributes a greener approach for the synthesis of benzimidazole derivatives under gracious (water) reaction medium which resulted into facile, sustainable and high yielding methodology. Keywords: benzimidazoles, sustainable chemistry, thiamine hydrochloride (VB1), water
Published in International Journal of Green Chemistry · Vol. 2, Issue 1, 2016 · pp. 1–8 Read article
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Zirconium tetrachloride catalyzed one-pot highly efficient green synthesis of functionalized piperidines under visible light
Abstract: AbstractHighly efficient multicomponent one-pot green synthesis of a series of pharmaceutically interesting functionalized piperidine derivatives has been developed based on a low-cost and eco-friendly zirconium tetrachloride catalyst via tandem reactions of 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds, aromatic aldehydes, and various amines in ethanol under visible light. High atom-economy, high yields, less reaction times, eco-friendly, and mild reaction conditions are some of the important features of this protocol.Key words: ZrCl4, piperidines, multi-component reactions, visible …
Published in International Journal of Green Chemistry · Vol. 6, Issue 1, 2020 · pp. 36–43 Read article
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Fast pyrolysis of Kaner (Thevetia peruviana) Seed to Fuel and Chemicals
Abstract: Bio-energy is now considered as having the potential to provide the major part of the projected renewable energy provisions of the future. Currently non-edible seed biomass has been considered as one of the major bio energy resource. Among the different non-edible seeds such as Jatropha, Neem, Karanja, Safflower, Pomegranate, Cherry, Mahua, Cotton etc., Kaner (Thevetia Peruviana) seed plant is a very widely available even in the tropical climate. In this …
Published in International Journal of Analytical and Applied Chemistry · Vol. 1, Issue 1, 2015 · pp. 7–20 Read article
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Review on Preparation and Application Fields of Triazole &Tetrazole Derivatives
Abstract: This review described triazole and tetrazole (five-ring), these are heterocyclic aromatic five-ring compounds consisting of (two carbon atoms and three nitrogen atoms in triazole) while (four nitrogen atoms with one carbon atom in terazole), and they exist in three different formulas with different locations of heterogeneous atoms in the ring. These compounds were distinguished by a high efficiency towards microorganisms and microbes and have wide importance in the field of …
Published in International Journal of Analytical and Applied Chemistry · Vol. 6, Issue 1, 2020 · pp. 35–45 Read article
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Synthesis, Characterization and Optimization of Essential Oil from Pumpkin Seed
Abstract: The main aim of this research work was extraction, characterization and optimization of essential oil from pumpkin seed, cucurbita pepo variety using ethanol as a solvent. The extraction was carried out by using a Soxhlet, leaching method and oil was separated from solvents by using rotary evaporator. Pumpkin seed was analyzed for proximate analysis and found that moisture content of 5.21 , crude proteins content of 22.50.31%, crude fat content …
Published in International Journal of Chemical Separation Technology · Vol. 7, Issue 1, 2021 · pp. 6–27 Read article
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Extraction,Characterization and Optimization of pectin from Banana peel by using Acid Extraction
Abstract: This paper basically focused on the production of pectin from banana peel, an agricultural waste. The production process used in this work was raw material collection from Hawassa City, and characterizing the raw material for its physic-chemical composition. The raw material was prepared and grinded to a averageparticle size of 0.25mm after drying at a constant temperature of 600C. The extraction of oil from the banana peel was conducted using …
Published in International Journal of Chemical Engineering and Processing · Vol. 6, Issue 2, 2020 · pp. 27–48 Read article
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Chemistry and Toxicological Impacts of Hazardous Substances in Electronic-Waste: A Review
Abstract: Over the recent past, the global market of electrical and electronic equipment (EEE) has grown exponentially, while the lifespan of these products has become increasingly shorter. Most of the cases Various heavy metals, halogenated compounds and radioactive elements which are present in ewaste,pose serious threat to the environment during their inappropriate recycling processes. Duringburning of the e-waste in the open environment, hazardous aromatic compounds and dioxins are generated which are …
Published in International Journal of Environmental Chemistry · Vol. 8, Issue 1, 2022 · pp. 17–21 Read article
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Elucidation of Synthetic Mechanism Involved in the Conversion of Zwitterionic Clonixin to Carboxamide Side-Product
Abstract: N-(3-Chloro-2-methylphenyl)-2-oxo-1,2-dihydropyridine-3-carboxamide is obtained as a by-product during the synthesis and crystallization of Clonixin (2-(3-chloro-2-methylanilino)nicotinic acid) and its polymorphs, respectively. This conversion was unexpected and it changed the usual investigation path way enabling the formation of neutral and zwitterionic polymorphs in our study on Clonixin in contrary to studies of 2-(p-tolylamino) nicotinic acid investigation. The same conversion is checked in the other synthesized analogs such as 2-(phenylamino)nicotinic acid (PNA), 2-(methyl(phenyl)amino)nicotinic acid …
Published in International Journal of Chemical Synthesis and Chemical Reactions · Vol. 2, Issue 1, 2016 Read article
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Green Synthesis of Nickel(II) and Zinc(II) Complexes of Bis(Imine) Schiff base Derived from o-vanilline and m-phenylenediamine.
Abstract: The synthesis of Schiff base ligand derived from aromatic aldehyde (o-vanillin) and m-phenylenediamine via liquid-assisted mechanochemical synthesis (LAG) in the presence of small amount of dimethylformamide were reported. The Schiff base complexes of Ni(II) and Zn(II) were also synthesized mechanochemically and characterized using infra-red spectroscopy, thermogrametric analysis, energy dispersive x-ray analysis, powder x-ray diffraction, UV-Visible analysis, conductivity measurement, magnetic susceptibility measurement and CHN, micro-analysis. Infrared spectral study indicated a strong …
Published in International Journal of Chemical Synthesis and Chemical Reactions · Vol. 6, Issue 1, 2020 · pp. 31–43 Read article
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Overview on the Synthesis and Characteristics of Polystyrene
Abstract: Polystyrene, a synthetic aromatic polymer, is one of the most wide spread polymers in the world. The monomer is styrene (vinylbenzene)- a petroleum based liquid hydrocarbon. Polystyrene can be solid or foamed. It was first discovered by a German apothecary Edmon Simon as far back as in 1839 from the resin of Turkish sweet gum trees. Polystyrene is formed by a polymerization method known as chain growth. Physically, it is …
Published in International Journal of Chemical Synthesis and Chemical Reactions · Vol. 6, Issue 2, 2020 · pp. 26–30 Read article
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Review on Azomethine-Compounds with Their Applications
Abstract: Azomethine derivatives are very important and the initiating compound for most synthetic chemistrycompounds in all their fields. Since R, R1 is an alkyl or aryl group, the first to prepare and isolate itwas the German scientist Hugo Schiff in 1864 from the condensation of the carbonyl group (aldehyde,ketone) with a primary amine compound (aliphatic, aromatic). During the past few decades there hasbeen great interest in Schiff base compounds. The rules …
Published in International Journal of Chemical Synthesis and Chemical Reactions · Vol. 7, Issue 2, 2021 · pp. 1–10 Read article
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Algae-in-oil microbe to generate fuel efficiency
Abstract: AbstractAlgae can be converted into biodiesel, bioethanol, bio butanol, bio hydrogen, bio-jet fuel,green gasoline,bio oil and bio methane through bio-chemical and thermo chemical methods from algal biomass.Microbes grow in high quantities within a short period in dirty water, salt water and any unsuitable environments, lying wastages from power plants, and CO2 rich zones without affecting from changing climates. Nano-particle blend accessed higher combustion of bio-fuel. Waxy lipid of micro-algae made …
Published in International Journal of Renewable Energy and its Commercialization · Vol. 6, Issue 2, 2020 · pp. 10–15 Read article
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Enhanced Recovery by Hydrotropes in Oxidized Coal Flotation
Abstract: AbstractSo far flotation proved its best in improving the concentration of low grade fines by recovering the maximum with the use of advanced flotation reagents. In this context we propose the process optimization with the use of hydrotropes as activators in the coal flotation process. It is observed that sodium benzoate a known hydrotrope helped in increasing the recovery of the concentrate percent from 12.8% at plant condition to 31% …
Published in International Journal of Renewable Energy and its Commercialization · Vol. 7, Issue 1, 2021 · pp. 19–23 Read article
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Characterization and Kinetic Study of Sugarcane Bagasse for the Production of Bio-oil Over Monodispersed Fe2 O3 and ZSM-5 Composite
Abstract: The shortage and price scramble of fossil fuels accompanied by vast CO2 emissions have triggered a worldwide search for alternative and sustainable resources. Wind, solar, geothermal, biomass, and water are the most commonly used alternative energy sources. The biomass residues are typically at low cost and readily availabile, and has been used as feedstocks for synthesis of renewable energy. To produced the bio-fuels from biomass residues, several reaction pathways categorized …
Published in International Journal of Renewable Energy and its Commercialization · Vol. 9, Issue 2, 2023 · pp. 1–13 Read article
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Thermodynamic Chemistry in Dyeing of Wool: A Study on Thermodynamics Chemistry of Dyeing of Wool Products
Abstract: Dyes are synthetic aromatic compounds which can bring bright and fixed color to other materials. It is described that over 100,000 commercially accessible dyes occur and more than 7x105 metric tons of dyes are produced universal annually. When a textile fiber is dipped in a solution of dye under favorable conditions, the fiber becomes colored, the color of the solution decreases and dyeing has occurred. The wool fiber is hair …
Published in International journal of Thermodynamics and Chemical Kinetics · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2017 · pp. 21–26 Read article
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Eco-Friendly Smoking – A Clean Smoke for the Benefits of Climate and Foodstuffs
Abstract: The clean smoke smoking process protects the environment and ensures safe food. Smoking is indeed one of the oldest methods for preserving food; however, it is not quite the healthiest or the most beneficial to the environment. Despite all that tradition, a number of pollutants, primarily ash, tar and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), which are produced from smouldering wood, penetrate the food along with the smoke and are subsequently consumed. …
Published in International Journal of Energetic Materials · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2017 · pp. 1–6 Read article
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Potential Applications of Titanium Dioxide in Diverse Fields
Abstract: Metal oxide semiconductors, such as TiO2 nanoparticles are frequently used as photocatalyst due to non-toxicity, chemical stability, and the ability to possess relatively high photocatalytic activity of TiO2. Laboratory studies have demonstrated that organic compounds such as alcohols, carboxylic acid, phenolic derivatives, and chlorinated aromatics can be readily mineralized by TiO2 into harmless carbon dioxide, water and simple mineral acids, using molecular oxygen as the primary oxidant. Keywords: environmental pollution, …
Published in International Journal of Metallurgy and Alloys · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2017 · pp. 8–10 Read article
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Combine Effect of Dry and Decomposed Raffia Palm in the Bioremediation of Oil-based Drill Cutting
Abstract: This study determines the effect of dry substrate and decomposed raffia palm for degradation of oil- based drill cuttings bioremediation. The remediation process was effectuated using dry and decomposed raffia palm. The experiment was carried out at the research Centre located at Agricultural and Environmental Engineering departmental workshop in Rivers State University, Port Harcourt. Samples of oil-based drill cuttings were bulked in eleven reactors with four replications (T1, T2, T3-T11). …
Published in International Journal of Composite Materials and Matrices · Vol. 9, Issue 1, 2023 · pp. 21–29 Read article