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97 articles for “nodes”
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Roadside Commercial Activities and Environmental Perception Affecting Behaviour: Study from Global South
Abstract: In global south countries such as India, transport nodes wiring neighbourhoods to rest of the city, is found to be flooded with roadside unorganized commercial developments. Transport nodes experience both organized and unorganized commercial developments around them as the commuters want to buy commodities for their daily households, feeding the commercial developments as buyers. This necessity promotes the development of unorganised sellers, especially street vendors, offering low-cost goods to commuters …
Published in International Journal of Town Planning and Management · Vol. 5, Issue 2, 2019 · pp. 36–57 Read article
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Analysis of AODV, ZRP and RIP Routing Protocol Based on Different Parameter in Mobile Ad-Hoc Network
Abstract: The mobile ad-hoc network (MANET) is a wireless connection among the mobile stations, mobile stations are called as intermediate nodes. Transmission of data packet from source to destination is done by the intermediate nodes in mobile ad-hoc network. This paper presents the comparison among the ZRP, RIP, AODV topology in MANET by using QUALNET simulator. Various changes are observed changing in speed and number of nodes. This paper shows the …
Published in International Journal of Broadband Cellular Communication · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2017 · pp. 26–34 Read article
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NEWLEACH: Enhanced LEACH Energy Efficient Approach in WSN
Abstract: ABSTRACT Depending on the existence of the sensor node in any WSN network life, proper load balancing is therefore very helpful to improve network. Cluster head is selected such that it should be near to the base station and have maximum residential energy than other cluster-specific nodes. Size of cluster is controlled by using location-based cluster joining methods such that nodes select their nearest collection head based on the signal …
Published in International Journal of Broadband Cellular Communication · Vol. 5, Issue 1, 2019 · pp. 5–13 Read article
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Innovative Approach for Sugarcane Plantation
Abstract: Sugarcane planting with traditional methods is costly, time consuming, it needs great human force,more numbers of sugarcane stalk. Also because of unskilled labor stressed or diseased bud may getplanted. To solve this problem we designed algorithm for atomization of sugarcane planting machineusing image processing. It detects the nodes efficiently and locates the cut point for stalk cutting. Itreject to cut the stalk if sugarcane suffered by Stress or disease like …
Published in International Journal of Embedded Systems and Emerging Technologies · Vol. 7, Issue 1, 2021 · pp. 7–12 Read article
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ANALYSIS OF ROUTING PROTOCOL ON DIFFERENT PARAMETER IN MOBILE ADHOC NETWORK
Abstract: The mobile ad-hoc network (MANET) is a wireless connection between the mobile stations, mobile stations are called as intermediate nodes. Transmission from source to destination of the data packet is done by the intermediate nodes in mobile ad-hoc network. This paper present the comparison among the ZRP, RIP STAR topology in MANET by using QUALNET SIMULATOR .Various changes are observed by changing in speed and number of nodes. This paper …
Published in International Journal of Telecommunications & Emerging Technologies · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2017 · pp. 14–20 Read article
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Analysis & Simulation Of Local Area Network By Using Packet Tracer
Abstract: In the modern period, we use PCs for all of our personal and professional needs. The majority of organizations rely on their correspondence, organisation, mechanisation, internet marketing solutions, and other processes to function as efficiently as possible. The best most fundamental PC system, according to many organisations, is LAN, which may be used to connect systems in different geographical locations. A LAN enables the efficient cost sharing of infrastructure for …
Published in International Journal of Computer Aided Manufacturing · Vol. 8, Issue 2, 2022 · pp. 32–37 Read article
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A Comparative Study of JWT and Web Authn for Password less Authentication in MERN Stack Applications
Abstract: More than 80% of web application breaches are rooted in credential compromise, yet password-based login continues to be the default choice in most MERN stack deployments. This paper reports on a side-by-side implementation of JSON Web Token (JWT) and Web Authentication (WebAuthn) within a shared MERN reference application built on React 18, Express.js 4.18, Node.js v20 LTS, and MongoDB Atlas M10. The JWT branch uses bcrypt at cost factor 12 …
Published in International Journal of Electrical Power System and Technology · Vol. 12, Issue 2, 2026 Read article
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IoT-Based Fault Detection in Distribution Lines
Abstract: Quickly detecting and pinpointing failures in electrical distribution lines are important for shortening the duration of service interruption, reducing maintenance costs and increasing safety. In this work, we propose a realistic architecture for an Internet-of-Things (IoT)-enabled fault detection system designed for distribution networks. In order to continually assess electrical characteristics including voltage, current, frequency, temperature, and line status, the suggested architecture combines inexpensive, dispersed sensor nodes placed along feeders and …
Published in International Journal of Electrical Power System and Technology · Vol. 12, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 1–6 Read article
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In-vitro plant regeneration of Mulberry (Morus alba L.)
Abstract: The present investigation entitled “In-vitro plant regeneration of Mulberry (Morus alba L.)” was conducted at Plant Tissue Culture Laboratory of K. K. Wagh College of Agricultural Biotechnology, Nashik, Maharashtra, India. Development of improved protocols for the regeneration of Morus alba L. is important for their commercial utilization. The present study was initiated to optimize in-vitro propagation protocol from nodal culture of Mulberry. Three surface sterilization treatment were used, the nodal …
Published in International Journal of Plant Biotechnology · Vol. 9, Issue 1, 2023 · pp. 24–38 Read article
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A Study and Analysis Among Dijkstra’s Algorithm, Bellman–Ford Algorithm and Floyd’s Algorithm on Run-Time Basis Using Source Code
Abstract: Numerous applications like communication network and transportation use shortest path algorithm to notice the shortest path between two nodes. In the Single source shortest path algorithm, a shortest path is calculating from one node to another node. In the present paper, I have compared the results of the shortest path algorithms (Dijkstra, Bellman–Ford) on the basis of running time. I am using C# programming language to compare the algorithms. I …
Published in International Journal of Software Computing and Testing · Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2017 · pp. 60–70 Read article
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A Review: The Architectural Analysis of the Wireless Sensor Network
Abstract: A wireless sensor network is a collection of numeral sensors nodes & at least one base station. The sensor node is an independent tiny device that comprises of predominantly four units that are sensing, processing, communication & power supply. A comprehensive explanation regarding the WSN is given in this paper. In the beginning an architectural overview of a wireless sensor node, protocol stack, communication protocol architecture. Keywords: Wireless sensor network …
Published in International Journal of Digital Communication and Analog Signals · Vol. 4, Issue 2, 2018 · pp. 9–16 Read article
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A Review on Designing of U-System Using Wireless Sensor Network and Android Device for Group Management
Abstract: This paper introduces a group management system utilizing Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) and smart phone devices. The proposed framework was contained individual device in view of sensor node of WSN, advanced mobile phone device which is utilized by group manager and web server. The sensor node called as personal device which is held by gathering individuals sends an information data at 2 seconds to the manger device. The manger can …
Published in International Journal of Embedded Systems and Emerging Technologies · Vol. 1, Issue 1, 2016 · pp. 21–26 Read article
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NOVEL TECHNIQUES FOR ENERGY CONSERVATION IN WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS (WSN)
Abstract: The rapid growth of wireless services in recent years is an indication that considerable value is placed on wireless networks. Wireless devices have most utility when they can be used anywhere at any time. Yet one of the greatest challenges is limited energy supply. In the recent years, Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) has gained good attention from both the research community and actual users. As sensor nodes are generally battery-energized …
Published in International Journal of Telecommunications & Emerging Technologies · Vol. 1, Issue 1, 2015 · pp. 7–26 Read article
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A Novel Approach of Low Power Routing Protocol for Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks
Abstract: The Energy management issues are very important in the context of MANET. The node energy needs to be optimally utilized so that the nodes can perform their functionality satisfactorily. MANETs are energy constrained as most Ad-Hoc nodes today operate with limited battery power. So, it is important to minimize energy consumption of the entire network in order to maximize the life time of the network. Hence, a new on-demand routing …
Published in International Journal of Telecommunications & Emerging Technologies · Vol. 1, Issue 2, 2015 · pp. 39–44 Read article
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Autonomous Multi-Agent Sensor Network for Distributed Environmental Instrumentation
Abstract: Environmental monitoring requires intelligent, scalable, and autonomous instrumentation systems capable of continuously sensing, processing, and communicating heterogeneous data under dynamic conditions. This study proposes an Autonomous Multi-Agent Sensor Network for Distributed Environmental Instrumentation, integrating distributed sensor nodes, edge computing, multi-agent collaboration, adaptive data fusion, and intelligent decision-making to achieve reliable real-time monitoring of environmental parameters. Each sensor agent autonomously performs local sensing, anomaly detection, energy-aware communication, and cooperative information exchange …
Published in International Journal of Telecommunications & Emerging Technologies · Vol. 12, Issue 2, 2026 Read article
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A Walkable Path to Reduce Transport Emission in Commercial Streets: A Case of Putlighar Market in Amritsar City
Abstract: Commercial areas, along with being nodes for economic activities, also act as public spaces supporting various social and recreational activities. The multi-faceted nature of commercial streets demands safe, secure, and comfortable spaces in commercial areas that can be conducive to the social aspect of this land use. Commercial areas are also nodes for carbon emissions, with transport-related emissions in commercial areas providing a significant contribution to the emission profile. This …
Published in International Journal of Town Planning and Management · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 10–21 Read article
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Automated Pet Feeder
Abstract: Maintaining regular feeding regimens for pets can be a challenging task for many pet owners, especially in today’s fast-paced and demanding lifestyle. To address this issue, this project introduces a smart pet feeder powered by the ESP8266 NodeMCU, a Wi-Fi-enabled microcontroller that facilitates Internet of Things (IoT) applications. The system allows pet owners to remotely manage and automate feeding schedules, ensuring timely and accurate meal delivery even in their absence. …
Published in International Journal of Embedded Systems and Emerging Technologies · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 1–7 Read article
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IoT-Powered Weather Monitoring and Irrigation Automation: Transforming Modern Farming Practices
Abstract: It is proposing an IoT-based weather monitoring system. This will monitor, in real-time, the critical environmental parameters aid for farming. Soil moisture, temperature, humidity, and rainfall will be measured parameters that help optimize agricultural practices and perfect the use of water. The IoT technology will, therefore, include a microcontroller such as NodeMCU that tracks soil moisture levels and automates irrigation. If the soil moisture falls below 50%, then the programming …
Published in International Journal of Telecommunications & Emerging Technologies · Vol. 11, Issue 1, 2025 Read article
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A Review Based on Reactive Protocols in MANETs
Abstract: Mobile ad hoc network (MANETs) are networks which routing is based on multi-hop routing from a source to a destination node or nodes. These networks have quite many constraints because of uncertainty of radio interface and its limitations. For instance, in available bandwidth. There are various applicable protocols for ad hoc networks, but one confusing problem is the vast number of separate protocols. Each of these protocols is designed to …
Published in International Journal of Distributed Computing and Technology · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2017 · pp. 1–13 Read article
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Structured P2P multidimensional HyperCube system
Abstract: Peer-to-peer systems enable access to data spread over an extremely large number of machines. Today’s peer-to-peer systems are limited in scope in terms of data in multidimensional range. The project creates an ‘n’-dimensional hypecube p2p system which supports nodes with threads connecting them in a cube like structure. Each Node generates random character strings thus adding a data storage feature. Eventually it will look for retrieval and lookup of the …
Published in International Journal of Distributed Computing and Technology · Vol. 4, Issue 1, 2018 · pp. 25–31` Read article