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814 articles for “problems”
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Review of Impact of Sanitation on Children in India
Abstract: An improved sanitation facility is one that hygienically separates human excreta from human contact. Improved sanitation facilities are used by less than two thirds of the world population. The global picture masks great disparities between regions. Virtually the entire population of the developed regions uses improved facilities, but in developing regions only around half the population uses improved sanitation. The purpose of the study was to review the relevant literature …
Published in International Journal of Town Planning and Management · Vol. 6, Issue 2, 2020 · pp. 29–41 Read article
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Municipal Finance: The Historic Outlook
Abstract: Development and finance exist in a cohesive relationship that uplifts the city leading to the nation. Sound fiscal performance of the municipality is important for the growth of any city and, as a result, the need for robust municipal finance. This need for municipal finance in India has gained prominence and discussed with gravity over the past few decades. Many studies have identified the abysmal state of municipal finance and …
Published in International Journal of Town Planning and Management · Vol. 7, Issue 2, 2021 · pp. 21–33 Read article
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NEIGHBOURHOOD PLANNING WITH THE HELP OF GIS IN MUMBAI
Abstract: This paper is an academic attempt to understand the various aspects of neighborhood planning. It highlights the vision of neighborhood planning to identify the various problems in the selected area. It takes efforts to define and operationalize the concept of neighborhood planning in the urban area. This paper also assures that to be successful in planning with the help of geographical information system. GIS is capable of supporting the process …
Published in International Journal of Town Planning and Management · Vol. 7, Issue 1, 2021 · pp. 26–31 Read article
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Framework for rehabilitation of buildings to improve health, hygiene, and comfort of occupants
Abstract: The following study outlines a framework that can be applied to the initial stages of the rehabilitation decision making to shortlist and rank alternatives based on their impact on health, hygiene and comfort of occupants. The framework is outlined by applying to three case modules, the initial assessment is based on occupant survey and site data to identify problem areas and form a basis for extent of intervention required. Best …
Published in International Journal of Town Planning and Management · Vol. 8, Issue 1, 2022 · pp. 38–46 Read article
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Planning for Sewerage and Sanitation in Lucknow Municipal corporation Area
Abstract: Simplified Sewerage and affordable, environmentally friendly, and sustainable sanitation are the significant aspects of any smart city. Providing adequate sanitation will have profound consequences for human health and poverty alleviation. In fact, access to adequate sanitation essentially signifies carrying the most important barrier to a life of dignity and satisfaction of basic needs. To safeguard the community's and individuals' health, sanitation entails the collection and hygienic disposal of excreta and …
Published in International Journal of Town Planning and Management · Vol. 8, Issue 2, 2022 · pp. 12–22 Read article
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IMPORTANCE OF PLANNING AND EXECUTION OF RESIDENTIAL SITE
Abstract: Sustainable urban development is largely dependent on how residential sites are planned and implemented. This study investigates the vital components of careful planning and implementation in the development of residential sites. The study discusses the importance of which includes adaptive strategies to overcome the problems faced by global warming, with a particular focus on urban riverfronts. The report highlights the necessity of thorough planning that takes community involvement, infrastructure construction, …
Published in International Journal of Town Planning and Management · Vol. 9, Issue 2, 2023 · pp. 26–35 Read article
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Somatic Embryogenesis from Immature Zygotic Embryos of Sterculia alata Roxb. and Monitoring the Ontogeny and the Genetic Fidelity of Somatic Embryos
Abstract: A protocol for the induction of somatic embryogenesis from immature zygotic embryos of Sterculia alata was established. The highest induction frequency for somatic embryogenesis was achieved using 3 mm size of zygotic embryos as explants on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 2,4-D (2.0 mgl–1) + BAP (0.1 mgl–1) and 3% sucrose. The embryogenic calli differentiated when transferred to MS basal medium (maintenance medium) after three weeks treatment in …
Published in International Journal of Plant Biotechnology · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2017 · pp. 53–67 Read article
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Studies on Extraction, Modelling and Purification of Quercetin from Peel of Allium cepa
Abstract: ABSTRACT Quercetin is an anti-oxidant, which very efficiently scavenges highly reactive biological species such as peroxynitrite and hydroxyl radical. Quercetin belongs to the flavonoid’s family. The present studies on optimization of physico-chemical parameters like effects of different solvents, different solvent percentages, particle size, pH and extraction time for the extraction of quercetin was studied. The highest quercetin concentration for optimized conditions was 38 µg/ml. In the soxhlet extraction process, the …
Published in International Journal of Plant Biotechnology · Vol. 4, Issue 1, 2018 · pp. 3–11 Read article
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Bioremediation of Domestic Waste Water by Selected Aqua Plants
Abstract: Around 30 percent of the service costs of predictable centralized wastewater treatment requires energy to operate the machines for pumping and ventilation. In comparatison, constructed marshlands involving photosynthetic plants and other organisms have a lower energy requirement. The aim of the present work is to select aquatic plants which have a high efficiency of removing pollution from wastewater. Four plants were selected out of the available plants growing in nearby …
Published in International Journal of Plant Biotechnology · Vol. 5, Issue 1, 2019 · pp. 1–7 Read article
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Role of Plant Physiology in the Era of Second Green Revolution
Abstract: The Green Revolution is marked for the increase in food production in developing nations to face the problem of increased food demand, but the used farming techniques made the tropical soil unproductive and decreased biodiversity. This was not sustainable way for agricultural production. Designing the blueprint for the future green revolution necessitates the use of effective and sustainable methods that increase plant output while maintaining sustainability. The quest for more …
Published in International Journal of Plant Biotechnology · Vol. 7, Issue 2, 2021 · pp. 18–36 Read article
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Nutricosmetics from plants
Abstract: In this work, the importance of chemicals in skin well-being and arrival is widely explained and described. Nutri-cosmetics merchandises or components of ordinary beauty. Nutricosmetics is modern development within the magnificence industry. Their propensity quickly received many supporters because customers are more cautious with the supplements they are familiar are cumulative request natural ingredients right to modify one's health plush beauty deprived of bad effects or important purchase before use. …
Published in International Journal of Plant Biotechnology · Vol. 9, Issue 1, 2023 · pp. 1–14 Read article
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Botulinum toxin: cosmetic purposes
Abstract: Botulinum toxins are used for curing skin problems and for cosmetic purposes. These are generally called as BTX. It had been used earlier for reducing certain muscle activities which were responsible for aging symptoms. Dr. Alan Scott had started his research in the BTX about 40 years ago. BTX has so many types like A, B, E and F but the type used for cosmetic treatment is type A. BTX …
Published in International Journal of Animal Biotechnology and Applications · Vol. 2, Issue 2, 2016 · pp. 1–6 Read article
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Bioindicators: A Review
Abstract: Bioindicators of natural quality are significantly utilized as a part of biological and ecotoxicological considers and additionally in applied ecological preservation. Bioindicator research is done in many levels to identify and segregate the effects of man-induced stressors from the effects of natural stressors. All three groups of organisms--microorganisms, plants and animals can play a vital role as indicators of environmental quality. Stress conditions and stress-induced damage can be sensed by …
Published in International Journal of Animal Biotechnology and Applications · Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2017 · pp. 22–38 Read article
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Sero-prevalence of Hydatidosis Among Patients Visiting Neurological Department of Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal
Abstract: Hydatidosis caused by Echinococcus granulosus remain as a considerable problem for public health and livestock economy in developing countries. A hospital based Screening of 80 neurological patients visiting neurology department of TUTH was carried out. Of the total studied samples 10 (12.5%) were found to have positive sero-prevalence towards E. granulosus (hydatidosis) using commercial indirect ELISA kit. The high rate of sero- prevalence was found among the dalit ethnic group …
Published in International Journal of Animal Biotechnology and Applications · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2017 · pp. 1–6 Read article
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Osteoarthritis of Knee
Abstract: The destruction of joints is characterized by the deterioration of articular cartilages; these are cushion-like substances that are present between the joints and act as a shock absorber. They lessen the rubbing of the joint surfaces. The common problems of the patient are joint swelling, joint stiffness, and pain. Knee osteoarthritis can be detected via radiographs showing bony cysts, narrow joint space, and sclerosing of the bone. Keywords: cartilage, lubrication, …
Published in International Journal of Animal Biotechnology and Applications · Vol. 4, Issue 2, 2018 · pp. 7–12 Read article
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Antibiotics Mediated as Antibiotics Growth Promotants (AGP)
Abstract: Antibiotic resistance in human infections has emerged as a serious public health concern. Some of the resistance problem may be traced back to the transmission of resistant bacteria from animals to humans, as well as the transmission of resistance genes from animal pathogens and commensal bacteria to human infections. Improvements in food cleanliness are among the control methods used to minimise the transmission of zoonotic germs to humans via the …
Published in International Journal of Animal Biotechnology and Applications · Vol. 7, Issue 2, 2021 · pp. 9–12 Read article
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A Review of the Side effects of Animal Breeding
Abstract: Problems with the functioning of communities with high hereditary value, due to trade of marker - assisted selection on based on behavioural, metabolic, and immunological features, have highlighted undesirable adverse effects connected with animal breeding. Selection for economically significant traits has been connected to reproductive, reproductive, and overall metabolic processes in dairy animals characteristics, often necessitating more attention from breeders than the reactions associated with the screening technique used. The …
Published in International Journal of Animal Biotechnology and Applications · Vol. 8, Issue 1, 2022 · pp. 13–16 Read article
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Using of Rat Model Over Other Species: A Review
Abstract: The first domesticated morphological features to be used in studies were rats. Scientists employed the brown rat Rattus norvegicus to study human biology and therapeutics two decades ago, focusing on the consequences of hunger and oxygen deprivation. Rats have been used to answer a wide range of basic science problems relevant to common human ailments in the fields of pharmacology, immunology, physiology, nutrition, behaviour, learning, and toxicity. The article gives …
Published in International Journal of Animal Biotechnology and Applications · Vol. 8, Issue 1, 2022 · pp. 17–20 Read article
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Next generation bioluminescence imaging technology for tracking numerous biological processes under in vivo conditions
Abstract: To expand our understanding on numerous biological processes happening inside living entities, the mechanism of bioluminescence exists. The process of visible light emission in living things is referred to as bioluminescence. Small laboratory animals can now be molecularly imaged using bioluminescence imaging. It is a potent technology that has been developed over the past ten years in diverse fields of science. In the area of virology, immunology, oncology, and neuroscience, …
Published in International Journal of Animal Biotechnology and Applications · Vol. 8, Issue 2, 2022 · pp. 21–35 Read article
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In silico evaluation for the repurposing of antiviral drugs towards multiple targets of monkey pox viral disease
Abstract: Objective: Monkeypox is a growing public health problem. The disease is caused by the monkeypox virus. The latest epidemic has been linked to previously unknown mutations and variations. Tecovirimat is a poxvirus medication that has been licenced by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Otherwise, there is little pharmacopoeia and scientific interest inmonkeypox. Computational screening and molecular interactions were used in this work to investigate the possible repurposing of …
Published in International Journal of Animal Biotechnology and Applications · Vol. 9, Issue 1, 2023 · pp. 22–32 Read article