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650 articles for “Temperature”
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Review Insight – Thermochemistry
Abstract: A thermodynamic system is the material and radiative substance of a plainly visible volume in space, which can be sufficiently portrayed by thermodynamic state variables, for example, temperature, entropy, interior vitality and weight .
Published in International journal of Thermodynamics and Chemical Kinetics · Vol. 1, Issue 2, 2015 · pp. 12–15 Read article
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A Dynamic Role of Thermodynamics Chemistry in Refrigeration and Air Conditioner Devices
Abstract: Thermodynamics plays a very crucial role in our daily life. Almost all the activities that we do or observe are all based on the principles of thermodynamics. Here, some of the common routine activities of refrigeration and air conditioners are brought into limelight that is explained by the phenomenon of thermodynamics. Thermodynamics is a branch of physics concerned with heat and temperature and their relation to energy and work. It …
Published in International journal of Thermodynamics and Chemical Kinetics · Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2017 · pp. 19–25 Read article
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Second Law of Thermodynamics in Automobile Engines and Aerospace Vehicles
Abstract: Thermodynamics is a core part of science. Nearly all scientists should have a basic knowledge of thermodynamics. The second law of thermodynamics is considered to be the most fundamental law of science. It explains not only the working of engines, refrigerators and other equipment’s used in our daily life, but also highly advanced theories like big bang, expansion of universe, heat death, etc. Thermodynamics is the study of relationship between …
Published in International journal of Thermodynamics and Chemical Kinetics · Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2017 · pp. 26–29 Read article
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Thermodynamic Chemistry in Dyeing of Wool: A Study on Thermodynamics Chemistry of Dyeing of Wool Products
Abstract: Dyes are synthetic aromatic compounds which can bring bright and fixed color to other materials. It is described that over 100,000 commercially accessible dyes occur and more than 7x105 metric tons of dyes are produced universal annually. When a textile fiber is dipped in a solution of dye under favorable conditions, the fiber becomes colored, the color of the solution decreases and dyeing has occurred. The wool fiber is hair …
Published in International journal of Thermodynamics and Chemical Kinetics · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2017 · pp. 21–26 Read article
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Thermodynamic Techniques in Food Chemistry – A Review
Abstract: The thermal activities of food strongly depend on its composition. The aims of food processing are to inactivate spoilage and pathogenic microorganisms and to sustain this condition in storage. Using calorimetric techniques, many physicochemical effects can be detected in the temperature range between -50°C and 300°C. Biophysical techniques viz., isothermal titration (ITC) and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) are used to characterize the structure and properties of food materials before and …
Published in International journal of Thermodynamics and Chemical Kinetics · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2017 · pp. 1–6 Read article
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Modeling of CSTR Reactor for Sodium Benzoate Production
Abstract: The mathematical model was developed for Continuous Stirred-Tank Reactor (CSTR) for the production of sodium benzoate from the reaction of sodium hydroxide and benzoic acid. The performance equation for the operation of CSTR was developed for the analysis of the reactor’s functional dimensions and parameters. The analysis of the reactor’s functional parameters was performed at molar ratio of benzoic acid to sodium hydroxide of 1.5 to 3.0 at intervals of …
Published in International journal of Thermodynamics and Chemical Kinetics · Vol. 4, Issue 1, 2018 · pp. 38–50 Read article
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Review of Reactive Extraction Process for Recovery of Pyruvic Acid
Abstract: Pyruvic acid having a molecular formula (C3H4O3) is an important alpha-keto-carboxylic acid. It is mainly manufactured by biotechnological routes or chemical synthesis. There are number of applications of pyruvic acid in the industrial sector such as chemical, food, cosmetic and agriculture sector. The main problem for the production of pyruvic acid from the fermentation broth is downstream processing. The number of techniques developed to recover this acid from their aqueous …
Published in International journal of Thermodynamics and Chemical Kinetics · Vol. 4, Issue 2, 2018 · pp. 1–7 Read article
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Novel method for determination of kinetic constants from dynamics in a batch reactor with constant heat input rate
Abstract: In this article a novel method of obtaining reaction kinetic constants is described. It consists of measuring both concentration and temperature dynamics in a batch reactor supplied with a constant heat input rate. A system of esterification reaction between acetic acid and methanol in the presence of a cationic resin catalyst is studied. This reversible reaction’s rate is modeled by molecular order and as pseudo homogeneous assumption. By just one …
Published in International journal of Thermodynamics and Chemical Kinetics · Vol. 5, Issue 1, 2019 · pp. 19–23 Read article
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Crystals (Thermotropic phases and Lyotropic phases) in Physical Properties
Abstract: In the current years there has been a cumulative growth to add the numerous nanomaterials to liquid crystals which is encouraged via frequent elements of resources advance. (i) accumulation of nanomaterials can conversion and thus melody the belongings of the liquid crystal (ii) inventive functionalities can be added to the liquid crystal (iii) the self-organization of the liquid crystalline formal can be abused to pattern systematic structures or to assignment …
Published in International journal of Thermodynamics and Chemical Kinetics · Vol. 5, Issue 2, 2019 · pp. 16–22 Read article
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Effect of Environmental Parameters on Corrosion of Metal Steel in Stagnant Fresh Water Using Finite Element Approach
Abstract: Corrosion as the determination or destruction of metal due to the reaction with it environment has posed a large amount of threat to industrial plants, human, increased cost of maintenance of plant and like cause injury to human due to accident in work place. This work studies the effect of environmental parameters of corrosion of three types of steel, Cast iron, mild steel and stainless steel in stagnant water media …
Published in International journal of Thermodynamics and Chemical Kinetics · Vol. 6, Issue 1, 2020 · pp. 1–23 Read article
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Deep Sea Rock Drill Fluid Improved Performance by Addition of Nanomaterials
Abstract: This review contains descriptive issues about improvement in bentonite-based drill fluid after nano matter addition applicable to oil and gas well. This is to improve high-temperature access as well as viscous-dynamic performances under low fluid loss. Oil-based drill fluid seemed to be more favorable as restrict seal by mud cake containing shale whereas water-based drill fluid is economical and ecofriendly. Shale of mine is often searched as the sacred source …
Published in International journal of Thermodynamics and Chemical Kinetics · Vol. 7, Issue 1, 2021 · pp. 29–38 Read article
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Design of a Plug Flow Reactor for Production of Refrigerants from Natural Gas Chlorination
Abstract: The design of a plug flow reactor and distillation column for the production of refrigerants from natural gas chlorination, was aimed at achieving high purity volume percent of Methyl Chloride (CH3Cl) and Methylene Chloride as desired products. Aspen HYSYS software was used to simulate the reactor. The reaction was carried out at a temperature of 3000C and 1atm Pressure, Methane to Chlorine ratio was set at 1.5:1 to favour the …
Published in International journal of Thermodynamics and Chemical Kinetics · Vol. 7, Issue 2, 2021 · pp. 10–22 Read article
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Corrosion Protection of Copper Metal by Nanocoating in Nitrogen dioxide Environment
Abstract: Nitrogen dioxide is an acidic gas. It absorbs moisture to produce nitric acid. It creates corrosive medium for copper metal. It forms corrosion cell on the surface of copper and accelerate corrosion reactions. The corrosion cell formation is written as: Cu|Cu2+||H+|H2 thus corrosion reactions start and copper is oxidized into Cu2+surface and it is oxidized into Cu2+ whereas H+ ion is reduced into H2. Nitric acid environment copper exhibits galvanic, …
Published in International journal of Thermodynamics and Chemical Kinetics · Vol. 8, Issue 1, 2022 · pp. 1–11 Read article
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Molecular Study of Indian Herbals at Microwave Region Using Time-domain Spectroscopy
Abstract: The dielectric properties of liquids are useful to some extent to understand the liquid structure and molecular interactions therein. The study of dielectric properties of liquid materials is necessary not only to understand the liquid structure but also to provide technical data for practical uses in industry, science, medicine, and engineering. Time-domain spectroscopy (TDS), a spectroscopicmethod used in physics uses brief terahertz radiation pulses to examine the characteristics of matter. …
Published in International journal of Thermodynamics and Chemical Kinetics · Vol. 8, Issue 1, 2022 · pp. 23–28 Read article
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Thermodynamic and Kinetic Characterization of Aluminum Corrosion and Inhibition Adsorption of Vernonia Amygdalina Fruit Extract IN 0.5N H2SO4
Abstract: Anti-corrosive efficacy of ethanolic extract of Vernonia amygdalina fruit extract on corrosion of aluminum in 0.5N H2SO4 acidic solution was explored by mass loss measurement at rise in temperature between 303-343 K for 24 hours immersion period. The I.E. (η%) has been noticed prominently high (62.92%) at concentration 0.45% at 303 K. An inhibitor adsorption on the surface aluminum have been found to be best fitted Langmuir adsorption isotherm. It …
Published in International journal of Thermodynamics and Chemical Kinetics · Vol. 9, Issue 1, 2023 · pp. 20–27 Read article
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To Study Mechanical Properties of Concrete by Using Industrial Waste Material
Abstract: Concrete is a very important material with cement, water, aggregate and admixture as contents. Due to increasing pollution and demand of concrete, its production should be environmental friendly. In this study, we emphasize on environment friendly concrete. The proportion of silica fume was as follows: add 3%–15% in interval of 3% by weight of cement in concrete and fly ash was add 5%–25% in interval of 5% by total weight …
Published in International Journal of Construction Engineering and Planning · Vol. 5, Issue 1, 2019 · pp. 18–27 Read article
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Utilization of Advance Geopolymer in Concrete: A Review
Abstract: Climate change has several adverse impacts like changes in weather, untimely rains, depleting water, droughts, flash floods, acute and early summer and chilling winter. Equally, another bigger challenge to the society is foul smell whether it is river, pond, drain, public toilets or garbage dump yards. It is due to emission of hydrogen sulphide, methane and other toxic gases. Methane in pure form does not create any foul smell, however …
Published in International Journal of Construction Engineering and Planning · Vol. 7, Issue 2, 2021 · pp. 21–28 Read article
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EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION ON GEOPOLYMER CONCRETE
Abstract: The project report entitled “Experimental investigation on alkali activated concrete” describes the detailed experimental work carried out on Alkali Activated Alumina-silicate concrete [Provis and Deventer, 2009]. The fly ash- Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBFS) based Alkali Activated Alumina-silicate concrete cured at ambient temperature was prepared by using different molarities of Alkali Activated solution namely 8M, 12M and 16M. The properties of concrete such as workability, compressive strength, Pull-out test/bond …
Published in International Journal of Concrete Technology · Vol. 2, Issue 2, 2016 · pp. 17–22 Read article
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Performance of Metakaolin and GGBS-induced Geopolymer Concrete Under Compression
Abstract: Metakaolin and ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) were used as the source materials to obtain the high strength geopolymer concrete. NaOH and sodium silicate were used as alkaline activators with varying NaOH molarities of 8M, 12M, 14M and 16M. Cubes of size (100x100x100) mm were cast and the four geopolymer mixes were heat cured for varying durations of 24 hours, 48 hours and 72 hours and tested for compressive …
Published in International Journal of Concrete Technology · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2017 · pp. 31–38 Read article
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Analysis of Gravity Dam for Different Rectangular Openings Sizes
Abstract: Gravity dams are very important structures. Different parameters which come in loading combination are temperature, dead weight, earthquake, hydrostatic pressure and water load. From the study, it has been found that the properties which affect the performance of a dam are static properties and thermal properties. Static properties of the concrete dam are strength, Poisson’s ratio and elastic modulus while thermal properties are specific heat, thermal expansion coefficient, thermal conductivity …
Published in International Journal of Concrete Technology · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2017 · pp. 11–17 Read article