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134 articles for “chemical synthesis”
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A Study on Green Synthesis of Nanoparticles of Zinc Oxide using Algae and Plant Extract
Abstract: Green synthesis of metal nanoparticles is increasing trend worldwide. In green synthesis, metal oxide nanoparticles are synthesised through any plant extract or any bacterial, fungal or microalgal source. Synthesis of zinc-oxide nanoparticles have been studied by using algae and other biological extracts. In green synthesis usually use of synthetic chemicals is avoided and naturally abundant compounds like ascorbic acid or citric acid act as reducing agent which reduces metal salts …
Published in International Journal of Nanomaterials and Nanostructures · Vol. 7, Issue 1, 2021 · pp. 23–27 Read article
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Comprehensive Manufacturing Processes, Chemical Syntheses, and Mass Balance Analyses for Ten Essential Fungicides in Agrochemical Production
Abstract: This research paper presents a detailed examination of the manufacturing processes for ten key fungicides used in agrochemical applications: Amisulbrom, Azoxystrobin, Benzovindiflupyr, Bixafen, Boscalid, Carboxin, Carpropamid, Cyazofamid, Cyclobutrifluram, and Cyflufenamid. For each fungicide, the synthesis pathways are outlined, including step-by-step chemical reactions, basic chemistry, reactant stoichiometries, and mass calculations based on a standardized production scale of 1000 kg of the final product. Mass balances are provided to account for inputs …
Published in International Journal of Chemical Synthesis and Chemical Reactions · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 1–21 Read article
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Trending Aspects of Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles and Their Biomedical Applications: A Review
Abstract: For the past few decades, researchers have been fascinated by nanotechnology and nanoparticles due to their unique physico-chemical characteristics, such as increased surface area, reduced size, and improved reactivity, making them useful for various industrial, scientific, and medicinal applications. Silver nanoparticles are widely used, particularly in the biomedical sciences, since they are less toxic than other metal nanoparticles, meaning that they do not harm healthy human or host cells. They …
Published in International Journal of Green Chemistry · Vol. 11, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 1–27 Read article
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An Energetic Materials for Sustainable Solutions
Abstract: Nanomaterials are typically described as engineered substances possessing at least one dimension between 1 and 100 nm. Materials at the nanoscale display distinctive or enhanced characteristics, such as increased chemical reactivity, superior sensing performance, and improved mechanical properties. Nanotechnology provides a straightforward, rapid, clean, and cost-effective approach for synthesizing a wide range of organic compounds, encouraging many researchers to transition from conventional synthetic techniques. This article aims to highlight the …
Published in International Journal of Energetic Materials · Vol. 12, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 7–12 Read article
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Green Chemistry Approach for the Preparation of Silver Nanoparticles: A Review
Abstract: The word "nanoparticles" refers to particles within a size range of 10 and 100 nm. Nanotechnology is the topic that is growing the fastest because of its applications in science and technology to produce new at the nanoscale range. Silver is the metal of first preference among the various noble metals. The production of silver nanoparticles can be achieved by different methods such as: chemical method, biological method, green synthesis. …
Published in International Journal of Chemical Synthesis and Chemical Reactions · Vol. 9, Issue 1, 2023 · pp. 30–39 Read article
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Advances in the Synthesis and Functional Applications of Crystalline Materials
Abstract: Crystalline materials represent one of the most important classes of advanced materials in modern science and engineering due to their highly ordered atomic arrangements and outstanding physical, chemical, electrical, optical, thermal, and mechanical properties. The periodic organization of atoms within crystal lattices provides exceptional opportunities for controlling and optimizing material performance through advanced synthesis strategies, crystal growth techniques, compositional modification, and defect engineering. Recent progress in materials science has enabled …
Published in International Journal of Chemical Synthesis and Chemical Reactions · Vol. 12, Issue 2, 2026 Read article
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Sonochemical Synthesis of Copper Nanoparticles:Process Fundamentals, Scale-Up Challenges, andIndustrial Opportunities
Abstract: The sonochemical synthesis of copper nanoparticles (Cu NPs) has emerged as a powerful and widely investigated strategy in nanomaterials research, owing to the unique physicochemical conditions generated during ultrasonic irradiation. Acoustic cavitation induced by sonication produces transient microenvironments characterized by extremely high local temperatures, pressures, and rapid cooling rates, which collectively enable efficient reduction of copper precursors into nanoscale particles. These conditions cannot be easily achieved through conventional synthetic routes, …
Published in International Journal of Chemical Engineering and Processing · Vol. 12, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 37–43 Read article
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Chemical Engineers at the Nanoscale: MakingNanomaterials That Work
Abstract: The convergence of chemical engineering and nanotechnology has created revolutionary prospects in material design, catalysis, energy storage, and biomedical applications. This article examines the changing responsibilities of chemical engineers in the creation and development of functional nanomaterials – substances designed at the molecular or atomic level to exhibit specific characteristics and functions. The article discusses important synthesis methods such as sol–gel processing, chemical vapor deposition, and self-assembly. It also talks …
Published in International Journal of Chemical Engineering and Processing · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 14–27 Read article
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General and Organic Chemistry Laboratory Experiments for Science, Pre-medical, and Pharmacy Students – Chapter V: Organic Synthesis
Abstract: Organic synthesis can be classified into many types, including simple one-step synthesis, multi-step, one-pot, microwave, or green synthesis. Each type of synthesis takes place through a specific pathway depending on reactants involved, the reaction conditions, the catalyst, the protection group, and the duration of the reaction. In some cases, the required compound can be prepared by more than one procedure, and an expert chemist prefers the procedure by which the …
Published in International Journal of Analytical and Applied Chemistry · Vol. 12, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 8–16 Read article
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REVIEW ON PREPARATION & APPLICATIONS OF THIADIAZOLE DERIVATIVES
Abstract: This review has touched on thiadiazole derivatives as it is a basis for the synthesis of many drugs, industrial compounds, chemical dyes, pharmaceuticals and life substances, and as a link to many cyclic reactions and is produced in vitro methods for the hydrolysis of the amine-thiol compounds such as thiosemicarbazide and hydrazo-thion, among others. On the different methods of preparation for thiadiazole derivatives, its reactions and its various biological applications., …
Published in International Journal of Chemical Synthesis and Chemical Reactions · Vol. 6, Issue 1, 2020 · pp. 19–30 Read article
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A Conceptual study of Metabolism wsr to metabolism of Carbohydrate,Protein and Fat
Abstract: Energy homeostasis is as critical as other vital process of body.It is produced in body by various chemical reaction that take place in each cell of living organism .Unique feature of living organism by which they extract energy from the environment and use it to carry out activities such as growth,development and reproduction.It is a common belief that Thin people have higher metabolic rate and Fat people have lower metabolic …
Published in International Journal of Nursing Critical Care · Vol. 7, Issue 2, 2021 · pp. 22–29 Read article
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A Mini Review on Copper Nanoparticles
Abstract: The synthesis of metal nanoparticles is more important than ever. Copper has been recognized as a nontoxic, safe inorganic material, cheaper antibacterial/antifungal agent, and has high potential in a wide range of biological, catalytic and sensors applications more particularly in the form of nanoparticles. This resulted in the development of numerous methods for the synthesis of copper nanoparticles. As conventional methods like chemical and physical methods have several limitations so …
Published in International Journal of Metallurgy and Alloys · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2017 · pp. 4–7 Read article
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The essence of Nanotechnology; Nanoparticles and cutting edge applications in Molecular electronics and Molecular medicine
Abstract: In this paper, the essence of nanotechnology is presented. Nanotechnology is emerged as a fabrication method, computational tools, and revolutionized electronics and medicine. The bio-chemo-physical properties are understood in different dimension with emphasis on various synthesis techniques and size dependent physio-chemical properties. Most properties resulting from size reduction from macro scale to nanoscale and molecular interactions with nanoparticles significantly contributes to its multi function. A systematic illustration of nanotechnology at …
Published in International Journal of Applied Nanotechnology · Vol. 10, Issue 1, 2024 Read article
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Synthesis and Applications of ACNT-MoS2 Nanocomposite: A Review
Abstract: Recently amorphous carbon nanotube and their nanocomposites are most influenced research topic in the field of nanoscience and nanotechnology. Due to the presence of dangling bond in amorphous carbon nanotube, it is easily reacting with other nanomaterial to form into nanocomposites. For the beautiful electronic, physical and chemical properties of MoS2 nanosheets, ACNT-MoS2 nanocomposites are very much interested. Here in this paper, synthesis procedure of amorphous carbon nanotube-molybdenum disulphide nanocomposite …
Published in International Journal of Nanomaterials and Nanostructures · Vol. 5, Issue 1, 2019 · pp. 31–38 Read article
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Successful Synthesis of Organic Molecules with Increased Conductivity and Durability
Abstract: Organic molecules are central to biological and chemical systems. Organic molecules are mainly composed of hydrogen and carbon. These constitute the building blocks for all living organism. Chemists and scientist are curious in synthesizing organic molecules that have increased conductivity and durability. Several techniques have been developed and modified to achieve this target. A novel method has been discussed for synthesis of organic molecules with enhanced conductivity and durability. Keywords: …
Published in International Journal of Chemical Synthesis and Chemical Reactions · Vol. 2, Issue 2, 2016 Read article
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Synthesis of Nanoparticles from Plant Extract
Abstract: Green nanoparticle manufacturing has several applications in the environmental and medical fields. Green synthesis, in particular, aims to decrease the usage of harmful chemicals. The use of biological components like plants, for example, is generally thought to be safe. Plants also contain reducing and capping agents. This chapter covers the fundamentals of green chemistry as well as a review of plant-mediated nanoparticle synthesis and current applications. Nanoparticles include gold, silver, …
Published in International Journal of Chemical Synthesis and Chemical Reactions · Vol. 9, Issue 2, 2023 · pp. 1–9 Read article
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Green synthesis of Copper nanoparticles using Ctenolepis garcini (Burm.f.) C.B Clarke.
Abstract: Copper nanoparticles, due to the excellent physical and chemical properties and low cost of preparation, have been of great interest in wide applications as heat transfer systems, antimicrobial materials, super strong materials, sensors and catalysts. The present study is a novel biological approach for the formation of copper nanoparticles using Ctenolepis garcinii (Burm.f.) C.B Clarke. Copper nitrate was made to reduce with aqueous solution of plant extract. UV-Visible spectrum showed …
Published in International journal of Nanobiotechnology · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2017 · pp. 1–6 Read article
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Hydroxyapatite, Synthesis of Numerous Cds Quantum Dot Composite Material: A Review
Abstract: Hydroxyapatite is one of most interesting material which is used as chemical sensor for detecting different hazardous gases. It is a bio-ceramic and non-toxic maerial for which it is widely used in bio-engineering. On the other side, CdS quantum dot is very important material in optoelectronic device fabrication for its fascinating optical, physical and electronic properties. Furthermore, scientist are also doing their research very widely on CdS quantum dot for …
Published in International Journal of Nanomaterials and Nanostructures · Vol. 5, Issue 1, 2019 · pp. 1–11 Read article
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Green approach for the synthesis of Titanium dioxide nano particles and their characterization
Abstract: The ecofriendly and sustainable method of green synthesis of nanoparticles gained a lot of popularity these days. Azadirachta indica (neem) leaves are used in this study to identify the eco friendly synthesis of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO 2 NPs). TiO 2 NPs can be easily and sustainably synthesized from titanium precursors using neem leaves having bioactive compounds. Green production of TiO 2 NPs is facilitated by the stabilizing and capping …
Published in International Journal of Chemical Synthesis and Chemical Reactions · Vol. 11, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 50–58 Read article
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Extracellular One Pot Green Synthesis of Palladium Nanoparticles
Abstract: Extracellular in-situ synthesis of metal nanoparticles using extracts of plants like Azadirachta indica (Neem), and Zingiber officinale (Ginger) has been successfully carried out earlier. In this study, we have developed a novel method to synthesize Palladium nanoparticles by the process of bio-chemical reaction between Palladium salt solution with seed extract of Coriandrum sativum without using any surfactant or external energy. By this method, physiologically stable, bio-compatible Pd nanoparticles (NPs) were …
Published in International Journal of Nanomaterials and Nanostructures · Vol. 1, Issue 1, 2015 · pp. 1–7 Read article