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332 articles for “retting”
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Investigation of the Compatibility of Binary and Ternary Polymer Systems
Abstract: We have obtained mechanical strength of materials as a result not by synthesizing new polymers, but by using industrial polymers. We have developed a technology for obtaining new composite materials based on industrial multi-tonnage polymers of high-strength polyethylene (HSPE), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyurethane thermoplastic elastomer (DUTEP), butyl rubber (BR), chlorocarboxylate polyethylene (CCPE), ethylene propylene rubber (EPR). To obtain a composition from these polymers, their mixture compatibility was first determined using …
Published in International Journal of Metallurgy and Alloys · Vol. 12, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 44–56 Read article
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Development of Superabsorbent Polymers from Natural Sources
Abstract: Superabsorbent polymers (SAPs) are special materials that can absorb and hold a very large amount of water compared to their own weight. They are commonly used in products such as baby diapers, sanitary items, agriculture, and wastewater treatment. Most of the SAPs used today are made from petroleum-based chemicals. These materials do not easily break down in nature and may cause environmental pollution. Therefore, it is important to develop safer …
Published in International Journal of Metallurgy and Alloys · Vol. 12, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 25–34 Read article
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Phase-Change Material Integrated Semiconductor Circuits for In-Memory Analog Computing Applications
Abstract: The continuous demand for high-speed, energy-efficient computing has intensified the exploration of in- memory analog computing (IMAC) architectures, which aim to minimize the latency and power overhead associated with conventional von Neumann architectures. This research investigates the integration of phase- change materials (PCMs) with semiconductor circuits to realize programmable, non-volatile in-memory analog computing platforms. PCMs exhibit reversible resistance switching between amorphous and crystalline states, enabling precise analog weight storage directly …
Published in International Journal of Analog Integrated Circuits · Vol. 12, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 32–42 Read article
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Utility of Corrosion Inhibitors for the Corrosion Protection of Materials in Hostile Environments
Abstract: The term “inhibitor” refers to a material that reduces the rate of corrosion in an environment when added in trace amounts. As a result, the inhibitor functions as a catalyst for those delays. Inhibitors come in a wide variety of forms and formulations. The two most crucial considerations when choosing materials for industrial applications are cost and safety. Physical criteria are typically simple to achieve, but corrosion resistance presents significant …
Published in International Journal of Energetic Materials · Vol. 12, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 27–34 Read article
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An Overview on AI in Thermal Behaviour of Polymers
Abstract: The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) into the thermalanalysis of polymers and composite materials has transitioned from experimental curiosity to acornerstone of material science. By replacing costly and time-consuming trial-and-errorlaboratory testing with predictive modeling, AI is accelerating the development of advancedthermal interface materials, fire-retardant polymers, and aerospace-grade composites. Theprediction and optimization of the thermal behavior of polymers and composite materialsrepresent a cornerstone of modern materials science, …
Published in International Journal of Composite and Constituent Materials · Vol. 12, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 12–16 Read article
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Spermmediated gene transfer revisited: optimizing delivery, integration, and germline transmissionin large animal models
Abstract: Spermmediated gene transfer (SMGT) exploits the natural role of spermatozoa as DNA vectors to deliver exogenous genetic material to oocytes, potentially enabling economical production of transgenic large animals without complex embryo micromanipulation (1). Early proofofconcept studies established that mammalian sperm can bind, internalize, and protect exogenous DNA, leading to integration, expression, and germline transmission in various species, including pigs (24). Subsequent mechanistic work has challenged the traditional view of sperm …
Published in International Journal of Animal Biotechnology and Applications · Vol. 12, Issue 1, 2026 Read article
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Design Strategies for Future Ready Residential Buildings: A Case for Dehradun
Abstract: Dehradun, a city in foothills of Himalayas, is experiencing rapid urbanization and lifestyle shifts. Since it is the capital city of Uttarakhand, these changes are reshaping housing patterns and creating pressing challenges for architects to design spaces that can accommodate evolving user needs. This research aims to investigate how residential spaces in Dehradun have transformed over time, and how architects can design flexible, future-ready homes that anticipate long-term changes in …
Published in International Journal of Sustainable Building Technology · Vol. 9, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 33–43 Read article
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Liquid Architecture: Cultural Narratives, Spatial Metaphors, and the Evolution of Fluid Form
Abstract: Liquid architecture represents a fundamental rethinking of architectural space, moving away from the long-standing assumption that buildings must be static, permanent, and formally fixed. Rather than understanding architecture as an object defined by rigid boundaries and stable geometry, liquid architecture proposes space as a fluid condition shaped by movement, atmosphere, perception, and cultural meaning. Rooted in cultural theory, phenomenology, and spatial anthropology, this approach views architecture as an evolving narrative …
Published in International Journal of Architecture and Infrastructure Planning · Vol. 12, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 1–8 Read article
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Data Science for Environmental Modelling
Abstract: Abstract: Soil moisture is a critical Earth system variable linking atmospheric, hydrological, and ecological processes. However, observations are sparse and fragmented: in situ gauges provide point data, satellite missions (SMAP, SMOS, Sentinel-1) offer broad coverage at coarse resolutionQ, and land‐surface models (GLDAS, ERA5, etc.) yield estimates with their own biase. Here we propose a conceptual framework for integrated environmental data modelling, combining rainfall, temperature, and soil moisture information with machine …
Published in International Journal of Water Resources Engineering · Vol. 12, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 33–40 Read article
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Mitigation Measures and Disaster Preparedness: Kapkese Landslides in Kokwet Sub-Location, Kericho County, Kenya
Abstract: Abstract: The Kapkese landslide disaster struck again in December 2015, precipitated by intense, prolonged heavy rainfall from El Niño rainstorms that devastated much of Kenya. Located in the remote Kokwet Location within Kipkelion West Constituency, Kenya, this rural village has endured recurrent geohazards, most notably a deadly May 2003 event that buried a homestead, resulting in the tragic loss of a mother and her three young daughters. These incidents have …
Published in International Journal of Geological and Geotechnical Engineering · Vol. 12, Issue 1, 2026 Read article
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Nanoenabled resinbased composites in restorative dentistry: mechanical performance, aesthetic outcomes, and global regulatory considerations
Abstract: Resinbased composites are central to contemporary restorative dentistry but remain constrained by polymerization shrinkage, wear and color instability, which compromise longterm restoration success. Nanoenabled resinbased composites (nanocomposites) have been developed to overcome these limitations by incorporating nanosized fillers and engineered nanostructures into conventional resin matrices, thereby enhancing mechanical properties and optical performance. This narrative Review summarises current evidence on the evolution, composition, and mechanisms of nanoenabled resinbased composites; compares their …
Published in International Journal of Nanomaterials and Nanostructures · Vol. 12, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 39–45 Read article
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Data Science for Environmental Modelling
Abstract: Abstract: Soil moisture is a critical Earth system variable linking atmospheric, hydrological, and ecological processes. However, observations are sparse and fragmented: in situ gauges provide point data, satellite missions (SMAP, SMOS, Sentinel-1) offer broad coverage at coarse resolutionQ, and land‐surface models (GLDAS, ERA5, etc.) yield estimates with their own biase. Here we propose a conceptual framework for integrated environmental data modelling, combining rainfall, temperature, and soil moisture information with machine …
Published in International Journal of Water Resources Engineering · Vol. 12, Issue 1, 2026 Read article
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A review - Inhancing the Performance of Self-Curing Concrete Using Polyethylene Glycol as an Internal Curing Agent
Abstract: Abstract—This study examines the use of Polyethylene Glycol (PEG-400) as an internal curing agent in concrete, offering a sustainable alternative to traditional water-curing methods. The research addresses the challenge of water scarcity in the construction industry by introducing a self-curing system capable of retaining internal moisture to support prolonged cement hydration. PEG-400, a water-soluble polymer, was added to concrete mixes at different dosages to assess its influence on hydration, shrinkage …
Published in International Journal of Concrete Technology · Vol. 12, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 1–6 Read article
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Second-Life Battery Applications and Recycling Technologies of EV in India: A Comprehensive Review
Abstract: Abstract The rapid uptake of electric vehicles (EVs) worldwide is creating a new challenge of end-of-life (EoL) lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). As EV penetration accelerates under national initiatives such as the National Electric Mobility Mission Plan and Faster Adoption and Manufacturing of Electric Vehicles (FAME), the country faces an emerging challenge of managing end-of-life batteries. This paper examines technical pathways for second-life reuse of EV batteries (e.g. stationary energy storage, grid …
Published in International Journal of Manufacturing and Materials Processing · Vol. 12, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 15–24 Read article
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Pyrolysis of Agro Wastes for Renewable Energy Production in Shendam Local Government Using Aspen-Plus and Monte-Carlo
Abstract: The global decline in fossil fuel availability, coupled with increasing concerns over climate change, has accelerated the search for sustainable and decentralized energy solutions. Agro-waste, particularly lignocellulosic food waste, has shown great promise as an alternative energy feedstock. This study explores the potential of pyrolysis technology for onsite energy production using fruit-based food waste collected from markets and food enterprises in Shendam Local Government Area, Plateau State, Nigeria. The selected …
Published in International Journal of Renewable Energy and its Commercialization · Vol. 12, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 24–38 Read article
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Solar-Based Battery Management System (BMS) And SOC Development
Abstract: The safety, efficiency, and longevity of batteries which are the most common with solar panels require a battery management system (BMS). Among the key functions of the BMS is to measure the State of Charge (SOC) of the battery which is a measure of the energy left in the battery. It is the exact value of SOC that prevents overcharging or over discharging of the battery. Furthermore, the research shows …
Published in International Journal of Renewable Energy and its Commercialization · Vol. 12, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 1–7 Read article
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AI-Optimized Reconfigurable Microstrip Bandpass Filters for DynamicSpectrum Access in 6G Networks
Abstract: The evolution toward sixth generation (6G) wireless networks introduces unprecedented demands on spectral efficiency, ultra-low latency, and real-time adaptability to dynamic radio environments. Central to this transformation is the requirement for intelligent, spectrum-agile radio front ends that can seamlessly operate across heterogeneous frequency bands. Dynamic Spectrum Access (DSA) addresses this challenge by enabling transceivers to autonomously detect, evaluate, and utilize the most suitable spectrum opportunities. The realization of DSA in …
Published in International Journal of Microwave Engineering and Technology · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 30–38 Read article
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NEXT-GENERATION TRAFFIC OPTIMIZATION SYSTEM
Abstract: Abstract- Traffic lights at intersections automatically adjust based on the flow of traffic. Reinforcement learning enables continuous learning and optimization for more effective traffic control. Traffic lights are dynamically adjusted thanks to sensors that collect real-time data on the number of cars. By predicting the condition of the roads, predictive analytics helps avoid traffic jams. reduces stop-and-go traffic, which in turn reduces fuel consumption and pollution. A scalable system designed …
Published in International Journal of Transportation Engineering and Traffic System · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 1–7 Read article
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GEOTECHNICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF SOUTHERN REGION SOILS FOR CIVIL ENGINEERING APPLICATIONS
Abstract: Abstract Soil serves as the primary foundation for all types of structures. It makes up the top layer of the Earth’s surface and consists of a mixture of minerals, organic substances, water, air, and various living organisms Beyond its ecological role, soil has immense engineering significance and has been utilized in construction since ancient times. It is used in many ways, including: Building materials where soil is used to make …
Published in International Journal of Geological and Geotechnical Engineering · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 1–8 Read article
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EROSION OF UNDERLYING SOIL
Abstract: Abstract : To protect underlying soil erosion on which foundation base is provided like apron provided in water retaining structure like dam, weir etc. In flood zone area this apron is provided at foundation base of building, near village which is situated near bank of river underlying soil erosion will be prevented when apron is provided. Near bank of river (village situated) for protection of village near bank of river …
Published in International Journal of Geological and Geotechnical Engineering · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 20–25 Read article