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400 articles for “eco-systems”
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Microelectronics: Reach, Functions, and Worldwide Effects
Abstract: Microelectronics has changed modern life by making it possible to make small, powerful, and efficient electronic systems. This article looks at the basic ideas behind microelectronics, with a focus on how to design and make integrated circuits and semiconductor devices that power the technologies we use every day. It also highlights how crucial advanced lithographic methods and fabrication techniques are for attaining high precision and scalability in the contemporary production …
Published in International Journal of Microelectronics and Digital integrated circuits · Vol. 12, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 33–46 Read article
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Slow-Release Nutrients in Ruminant Nutrition:Optimizing Efficiency for Sustainable Livestock Production
Abstract: The use of slow-release nutrients in ruminant nutrition has emerged as a promising strategy to enhance efficiency and promote sustainability in livestock production systems. Unlike conventional nutrient sources that are rapidly degraded in the rumen, slow-release formulations provide a controlled, steady release of essential nutrients, such as nitrogen, amino acids, minerals, and vitamins. This steady supply supports optimal rumen microbial activity, improves nutrient utilization, and minimizes metabolic disturbances, leading to …
Published in International Journal of Animal Biotechnology and Applications · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 51–63 Read article
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SIGNIFICANCE OF SMART CITIES IN 21 ST CENTURY FROM AN INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS PERSPECTIVE
Abstract: Globally, cities account for as many as 80% of the nine billion people inhabiting the earth. These cities will have an enormous impact on our environment and economy. It therefore appears essential that the world itself decide how these cities are to be organized in ways that satisfy mankind’s future needs for survival and growth. In doing so, cities need to be technologically and environmentally sound, economically prosperous and socially …
Published in International Journal of Architecture and Infrastructure Planning · Vol. 2, Issue 1, 2016 · pp. 8–28 Read article
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A Comparative Study of Solar, Wind, and Biomass Energy for Decentralized Power Generation
Abstract: The need for clean, renewable energy sources is growing as decentralized power generation gains popularity due to its ability to provide reliable power to remote areas and reduce transmission losses. This paper compares three popular renewable energy sources—solar, wind, and biomass—evaluating their feasibility, efficiency, costs, environmental impact, and sustainability in the context of decentralized power generation. Findings indicate that while each energy source has distinct advantages and challenges, a hybrid …
Published in International Journal of Renewable Energy and its Commercialization · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2025 Read article
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Kautilya’sArthashastra: A Timeless Way of Planning
Abstract: India has a rich legacy of its art, literature, culture and, values and it has manifold influences and one such statesman-philosopher is the intellectual pioneer Kautilya also known as Chanakya and occasionally as Vishnugupta. This article discusses the teachings of Kautilya specifically related to architecture and planning of cities as compiled in his book. The Arthashastra. His ideas are important for the understanding of the Indian strategic system of an …
Published in International Journal of Architectural Heritage · Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2020 · pp. 5–10 Read article
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Mountain-Born Architecture: The Lung Vai School in Vietnam
Abstract: Lung Vai School, located in the mountainous Minh Tân region of northern Vietnam, represents a context-sensitive architectural response shaped by geography, climate, and the cultural traditions of the Hmong community. Designed by 1+1>2 Architects and completed in 2020, the school demonstrates how educational infrastructure in remote regions can be realized through vernacular intelligence, material ecology, and participatory construction processes. Rather than relying on imported typologies or industrialized systems, the project …
Published in International Journal of Town Planning and Management · Vol. 12, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 27–35 Read article
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Abuses and Maltreatment Among Elderly Widows – A Descriptive Study Conducted in a Rural Area of Thrissur District in Kerala
Abstract: Elder abuse among widows remains a critical yet under-researched social issue, particularly in rural communities where gender and age-related discrimination are prevalent. This study was conducted in a rural area of the Thrissur district with a sample size of 100 widowed elderly women. The primary objectives were to determine the prevalence of abuse and maltreatment among widows using semi-structured interviews and to explore preventive measures to address such abuses. The …
Published in International Journal of Geriatric Nursing · Vol. 8, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 1–6 Read article
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An Exploration of a Sustainable Approach in Architecture–Godrej Green Business Center, Hyderabad
Abstract: Sustainability is an important aspect in terms of architecture while dealing through a design. A building must care for its environment and be sustainable in order to meet the demands for future generations. The energy is needed and every year there is an increase in the demand due to the increase in advancement of technology. The concept, as well as the current trend, is green building (or sustainable building) encompasses …
Published in International Journal of Architecture and Infrastructure Planning · Vol. 9, Issue 1, 2023 · pp. 5–10 Read article
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Efficient Energy based Clustering in Wireless Sensor Networks: A Survey
Abstract: Wireless sensor network comprises of the huge number of sensing nodes for capturing conditions of environment, and after processing, it send it to the sink node. For the energy consumption, these nodes are sensitive and on working they get exhausted. Thus, to exceed the lifetime of the node certain methods are used and more emphasis is given to those methods. To enhance the scalability of the network and also the …
Published in International Journal of Broadband Cellular Communication · Vol. 4, Issue 2, 2018 · pp. 8–13 Read article
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Clean Drinking Water: A Vital Necessity for Rural Development
Abstract: Access to clean drinking water is a cornerstone for public health, socio-economic development, and overall well-being. However, many rural communities worldwide continue to struggle with inadequate access to safe and reliable water sources, leading to significant public health challenges. Contaminated water sources in rural areas often stem from agricultural runoff, improper sanitation systems, and industrial waste, exposing populations to a wide range of waterborne diseases such as cholera, dysentery, and …
Published in International Journal of Water Resources Engineering · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 1–6 Read article
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DESIGN OF TRAFFIC SIGNAL CONTROL SYSTEM AT ORLU JUNCTION, IHIALA, ANAMBRA STATE, NIGERIA
Abstract: The vast increase in population results in number of vehicular movement which contributes to volume of traffic at road intersections. This traffic jam is much during festive periods, causing delay which has negative impact to the economy. No one can easily predict the time of journey arrival due to gridlock at intersection on highways. This inefficient traffic movement is caused by absence of traffic control systems. Hence, this study had …
Published in International Journal of Transportation Engineering and Traffic System · Vol. 8, Issue 2, 2022 · pp. 38–49 Read article
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Solar Energy in Rajasthan -Recent Developments and Challenges
Abstract: Rajasthan has a vast renewable energy resources, and it has one of the largest programs in the world for deploying renewable energy based products and systems. Renewable energy is a sustainable and clean source of energy derived from nature. These innovations have for quite some time been perceived as an essential part of the answer for address energy security concerns and guarantee financial development in a domain benevolent way. Deregulation …
Published in International Journal of Power Electronics Controllers and Converters · Vol. 2, Issue 2, 2016 · pp. 37–47 Read article
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The Future Prospects of Eco-friendly Green Computing
Abstract: Green computing, also called green technology, is the environmentally sustainable to use of computers and related resources like - monitors, printer, storage devices, networking and communication systems - efficiently and effectively with minimal or no impact on the environment. The principle behind energy efficient coding is to save power by getting software to make less use of the hardware, rather than continuing to run the same code on hardware that …
Published in International Journal of Green Chemistry · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2017 · pp. 7–14 Read article
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Transformer-Less Dynamic Voltage Restorer Employing an Asymmetrical Seven-Level Inverter with Reduced Number of Switches for Improving Power Quality
Abstract: In modern power system, power quality is one of the major concerns. It has become important, especially with the introduction of smart grid, grid-connected renewable energy systems and sophisticated devices, whose performance is very sensitive to the quality of power supply that results in a failure of end-use equipment. One of the major power quality disturbance dealt here is the voltage sag. To solve this problem, custom power devices are …
Published in International Journal of Power Electronics Controllers and Converters · Vol. 4, Issue 1, 2018 · pp. 31–38 Read article
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Solar Tracker System and DC Charger
Abstract: The potential for solar tracking systems and DC chargers as sustainable energy technology is examined in this research report. According to the study, solar tracking devices can boost solar panel performance by up to 30%, and DC chargers offer an efficient and quick way to recharge electric vehicles. The results demonstrate the potential of these technologies in the shift to a low-carbon economy and point to areas that require additional …
Published in International Journal of Electrical Power System and Technology · Vol. 9, Issue 1, 2023 · pp. 10–15 Read article
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Optimization of Traffic Signal Timing for Urban Mobility: A Case Study
Abstract: AbstractUrban traffic congestion is one of the most pressing challenges in modern cities, leading tosubstantial economic losses, environmental degradation, and reduced quality of life. Traditionalfixed-time traffic signal systems are often inadequate in addressing fluctuating traffic demands,contributing significantly to this congestion. This paper explores the optimization of traffic signaltiming using a genetic algorithm (GA) integrated with real-time traffic data to improve urbanmobility. A case study was conducted at three highly congested …
Published in International Journal of Transportation Engineering and Traffic System · Vol. 10, Issue 2, 2024 · pp. 20–25 Read article
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Automobile Engine Assembly Line in an Automobile Industry
Abstract: Manufacturing industries give importance to the reduction of energy consumption due to the increase in energy cost and to create an eco-friendly environment. Assembly line is considered to be one of the cost intensive systems. Robots are recently being used to perform the assembly tasks instead of manual labor. There is a requirement of efficiently balancing the assembly line by allocating equal amount of work to workstations and assignment of …
Published in International Journal of Computer Aided Manufacturing · Vol. 4, Issue 2, 2018 · pp. 80–100 Read article
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Design Procedure and Criteria Used in Vertical Gardens and Green Roof Constructions
Abstract: A vertical garden also known as living wall or green wall is an independent vertical garden attached to exterior or interior walls of a building. In vertical gardens, various types of modular panels can be used along with geo-textile fabrics, growing media, irrigation systems, and plants. Living walls are mainly appropriate for cities, as they permit good use of obtainable vertical surface areas. The living wall could also function for …
Published in International Journal of Town Planning and Management · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2017 · pp. 53–78 Read article
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Electric Vehicle Battery Protection System
Abstract: The electric vehicle drives through the battery; hence it is one of the most vital components of EVs. To ensure the security of battery from potential damages such as excessive charging & discharging and excessive overheating, the electric vehicle battery protection system (EV BPS) acts as a solution that helps in enhancing the reliability and lifespan of the battery. The EVBPS consists of three systems: the first system is battery …
Published in International Journal of Power Electronics Controllers and Converters · Vol. 9, Issue 2, 2023 · pp. 49–61 Read article
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IoT Based Solar Powered System for Smart Field Irrigation with Real Time Surveillance for Smart Agriculture in Bangladesh
Abstract: Agriculture is the essential source of livelihood for people in Bangladesh. It plays major part in economy of the nation. In Bangladesh about 75% of population depends upon agriculture and one third of the country’s income comes from agriculture. Issues concerning agriculture have been continuously ruining the improvement of the nation. But at present due to movement of individuals from countryside to urban there is obstacle in agriculture. On the …
Published in International Journal of Electrical Power System and Technology · Vol. 6, Issue 2, 2020 · pp. 31–37 Read article