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By: Pramila B.R.
Associate Professor & HOD, Department of Psychiatric Nursing, O P Jindal College of Nursing, Ballari, Karnataka, India.
Perceptual disorders refer to conditions in which a person’s ability to understand sensory information is disturbed, resulting in an altered perception of reality. These disorders affect how individuals experience sensory stimuli such as sight, hearing, touch, taste, and smell. Perceptual disturbances are commonly seen in various psychiatric and neurological conditions and play an important role in influencing a person’s thinking, emotions and behavior. Perceptual disorders mainly occur in the form of hallucinations and illusions. These disturbances can be classified into sensory distortions and sensory deceptions. Sensory distortions occur when a real external object is present, but it is perceived in an altered or exaggerated way. On the other hand, sensory deceptions occur when a person experiences a perception without any external stimulus. Hallucinations are false perceptions that occur without any real stimulus, while illusions are incorrect interpretations of actual external stimuli. Such perceptual disturbances are often associated with mental health disorders such as schizophrenia, mood disorders, and substance use disorders. They may also be seen in neurological conditions like delirium, dementia, and sensory impairments. The severity and duration of perceptual disorders may vary depending on the underlying cause. Understanding perceptual disorders is essential for early identification and proper management. Accurate assessment helps in planning effective treatment and nursing interventions. This review article aims to provide a clear understanding of perceptual disorders, including their meaning, types, and clinical importance. Improved knowledge of perceptual disturbances will help nursing professionals enhance patient assessment, deliver appropriate care, and promote better mental health outcomes
Keywords: Hallucinations, illusions, perceptual disturbances, sensory misinterpretation, visual perception disorders
Citation:
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