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By: S. Brindha, R.M. Aadarsh Vel, T.B. Suneetha, and S. Ravichandran.
1 Assistant Professor in Computer Applications, SRM Faculty of Science and Humanities, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chennai.* 2 BBA Student in Airlines & Airport Management, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar, Punjab. 3 Associate Professor, Department of Biotechnology, Acharya Institute of Technology, Bengaluru. 4 Professor in Chemistry, St.Peter’s Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai.
Analytical and Applied Chemistry form the backbone of modern scientific progress, connecting fundamental molecular insights with real-world industrial and societal applications. Over the past decade, these fields have undergone significant transformation, driven by the need for sustainability, precision, and efficiency. This review highlights key advancements in green analytical chemistry (GAC), high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS), and the incorporation of nanotechnology into chemical sensing, while also examining their broader implications in applied chemistry.
Green analytical chemistry has emerged as a crucial paradigm, emphasizing the reduction of hazardous reagents, energy consumption, and waste generation. Techniques such as miniaturized sample preparation, solvent-free extraction, and the use of eco-friendly reagents are now widely adopted, making analytical practices safer and more sustainable. These innovations align with global environmental goals and regulatory frameworks, encouraging industries to adopt cleaner and more efficient methodologies without compromising analytical performance.
Simultaneously, high-resolution mass spectrometry has revolutionized chemical analysis by enabling ultra-sensitive and highly accurate detection of complex compounds. HRMS technologies, including time-of-flight (TOF) and Orbitrap systems, allow researchers to identify trace-level contaminants, metabolites, and unknown compounds with exceptional precision. This has profound implications in fields such as pharmaceuticals, environmental monitoring, and food safety, where reliable detection at low concentrations is critical.
The integration of nanotechnology into analytical chemistry has further enhanced sensing capabilities. Nanomaterials, such as gold nanoparticles, carbon nanotubes, and quantum dots, offer unique optical, electrical, and catalytic properties that significantly improve sensor sensitivity and selectivity. These nanoscale systems enable rapid, real-time detection of chemical and biological analytes, paving the way for advanced diagnostic tools and portable analytical devices.
In applied chemistry, these analytical advancements have facilitated significant progress in environmental remediation and sustainable material synthesis. Techniques informed by precise analytical data are being used to remove pollutants from water and air, develop biodegradable materials, and optimize resource-efficient chemical processes. Ultimately, the synergy between analytical precision and applied innovation is driving a new era of sustainable development, positioning chemistry at the forefront of solving global environmental challenges.
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