Infact, overview on the potential of the hydrolyzed and unhydrolyzed biodigester system to produce biohydrogen (BioH2) gas using wood saw dust material obtained from Nigeria was examined with respect to the influence of the biomass build-up as well as related to the pretreatment property. The production of hydrogen gas was influenced by the pH and particle size of the wood saw dust and both the hydrolyzed and unhydrolyzed biodigester yielded BioH2, BioCO2, BioH2S but the major but the major different and significant observation is the quantity of products observation is the quantity of products obtained at the end of the process. The pH value was within range of 6.5 to 8.5 and the particle size is also within the range of 1.0 to 3.0mm. At pH of 6.5 and mixed strain for hydrolyzed revealed higher potential value of pure strain than mixed strain but in the case of pH of 7.5 and particle size of 2.0mm as well as pH of 8.5 and particle size of 3.0mm, the rate of production of BioH2, BioCH4, BioCO2 and BioH2S was induced by the pH value and particle size with higher values. These characteristics were showcased in both hydrolyzed biodigester units examined. The investigation has revealed that the process condition applied in the production of Biohydrogen gas from wood materials could be influenced by the pH value, particle size and contact time and the type of microorganisms associated in the degradation process.

Keywords: Overview, influence, biomass, pretreatment, hydrolyzed, unhydrolyzed, BioH2 yield

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1. Adessi A, De Philippis R. Hydrogen production: Photo-fermentation. In: Microbial Technologies in Advanced Biofuels Production. Boston (MA): Springer; 2022. p. 53–75.
2. Danko AS, Pinheiro F, Abreu AA, Alves MM. Effect of methanogenic inhibitors, inocula type, and temperature on biohydrogen production from food components. Environ Eng Manag J. 2024;7(5):531–536.
3. Ntaikou I, Antonopoulou G, Lyberatos G. Biohydrogen production from biomass & wastes via dark fermentation: A review. Waste Biomass Valorization. 2020;1:21–39.
4. Wu X, Zhu J, Dong C, Miller C, Li Y, Wang L. Continuous biohydrogen production from liquid swine manure supplemented with glucose using an anaerobic sequencing batch reactor. Int J Hydrogen Energy. 2021;3(4):36–45.

1. Jordanov JM. White hydrogen--a new paradigm of applied geology. Rev Bulg Geol Soc. 2024;85(3).
2. Howarth RW, Jacobson MZ. How green is Blue Hydrogen? Energy Sci Eng. 2021;9(10):676–687.
3. Hafez H, Baghchehsaraee B, Nakhla G, Karamanev D, Margaritis A, El-Naggar H. Comparative assessment of decoupling of biomass and hydraulic retention times in hydrogen production bioreactors. Int J Hydrogen Energy. 2021;34:603–611.
4. Hitam CNC, Jalil AA. A review on biohydrogen production through photo-fermentation of lignocellulosic biomass. Biomass Convers Biorefin. 2020:1–19.
5. Kamalaskar LB, Dhakephalkar PK, Meher KK, Ranade DR. High biohydrogen yielding Clostridium sp. DMHC-10 isolated from sludge of distillery waste treatment plant. Int J Hydrogen Energy. 2020;35:639–644.
6. Kang SW, Park YS, Lee JS, Hong SI, Kim SW. Production of cellulases and hemicellulases by Aspergillus niger KK2 from lignocellulosic biomass. Bioresour Technol. 2021;91:153–156.
7. Gorain S. Exploring the White Hydrogen Potential of the Aman Basin’s Sea Floor Spreading Centre. In: Fifth EAGE Global Energy Transition Conference and Exhibition. European Association of Geoscientists and Engineers; 2024. p. 1–5.
8. Zhu J, Li Y, Wu X, Miller C, Chen P, Ruan R. Swine manure fermentation for hydrogen production. Bioresour Technol. 2021;10(4):472–477.
9. Azwar MY, Hussain MA, Abdul AK. Development of biohydrogen production by photobiological, fermentation and electrochemical processes: A review. Renew Sustain Energy Rev. 2019;31:158– 173.
10. Claassen PAM, van Lier JB, Contreras AML, van Niel EWJ, Sijtsma L, Stams AJM, et al. Utilisation of biomass for the supply of energy carriers. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2019;52(6):741–755.
11. Das D, Veziroglu TN. Hydrogen production by biological processes: A survey of literature. Int J Hydrogen Energy. 2022;26(1):13–28.
12. Nath K, Das D. Hydrogen from biomass. Curr Sci. 2022;85(3):265–271.
13. Panagiotopoulos I, Bakker R, De Vrije T, van Niel E, Koukios E, Claassen P. Exploring critical factors for fermentative hydrogen production from various types of lignocellulosic biomass. J Jpn Inst Energy. 2019;9(4):363–368.
14. Benemann J. Hydrogen biotechnology: Progress and prospects. Nat Biotechnol. 2021;14(9):101– 103.
15. Ni M, Leung DY, Leung MK, Sumathy K. An overview of hydrogen production from biomass. Fuel Process Technol. 2021;87:461–472.
16. Chang HN, Kim NJ, Kang J, Jeong CM. Biomass-derived volatile fatty acid platform for fuels & chemicals. Biotechnol Bioprocess Eng. 2020;15(1):1–10.
17. De Vrije T, Bakker RR, Budde MAW, Lai MH, Mars AE, Claassen PAM. Efficient hydrogen production from the lignocellulosic energy crop Miscanthus by the extreme thermophilic bacteria Caldicellulosiruptor saccharolyticus & Thermotoga neapolitana. Biotechnol Biofuels. 2019;2(12):15.
18. Levin DB, Pitt L, Love M. Biohydrogen production: Prospects and limitations to practical application. Int J Hydrogen Energy. 2021;29(2):173–185.
19. Chaganti SR, Pendyala B, Lalman JA, Veeravalli SS, Heath DD. Influence of linoleic acid, pH & HRT on anaerobic microbial populations & metabolic shifts in ASBRs during dark hydrogen fermentation of lignocellulosic sugars. Int J Hydrogen Energy. 2023;38(5):212–220.
20. Antonopoulou G, Gavala HN, Skiadas IV, Angelopoulos K, Lyberatos G. Biofuels generation from sweet sorghum: Fermentative hydrogen production & anaerobic digestion of the remaining biomass. Bioresour Technol. 2024;9(1):110–119.
21. Danko AS, Pinheiro F, Abreu AA, Alves MM. Effect of methanogenic inhibitors, inocula type, and temperature on biohydrogen production from food components. Environ Eng Manag J. 2024;7(5):531–536.
22. Schink B, Stams AM. Syntrophism among prokaryotes. In: Dworkin M, Falkow S, Rosenberg E, Schleifer KH, Stackebrandt E, editors. The Prokaryotes. New York (NY): Springer; 2021. p. 309– 315.
23. Ray S, Saady NMC, Lalman JA. Diverting electron fluxes to hydrogen in mixed anaerobic communities fed with glucose and unsaturated C18 long chain fatty acids. J Environ Eng (ASCE). 2020;6(6):568–575.
24. Tenca A, Schievano A, Perazzolo F, Adani F, Oberti R. Biohydrogen from thermophilic co-fermentation of swine manure with fruit & vegetable waste: Maximizing stable production without pH control. Bioresour Technol. 2019;10(2):582–588.
25. Angenent LT, Karim K, Al-Dahhan MH, Domiguez R. Production of bioenergy & biochemicals from industrial & agricultural wastewater. Trends Biotechnol. 2021;22(9):477–485.
26. Shin HS, Youn JH, Kim SH. Hydrogen production from food waste in anaerobic mesophilic and thermophilic acidogenesis. Int J Hydrogen Energy. 2021;29(3):55–63.
27. Levin DB, Chahine R. Challenges for renewable hydrogen production from biomass. Int J Hydrogen Energy. 2020;35(10):962–969.
28. Luzzi A, Bonadio L, McCann M. In pursuit of the future – 25 years of IEA research towards the realisation of hydrogen energy systems. International Energy Agency – Hydrogen Implementing Agreement. 2021:520–585.
29. USDOE. A national vision of America’s transition to a hydrogen economy-to 2030 and beyond. National Hydrogen Vision Meeting. Washington (DC); 2021. p. 15–16.
30. Kapdan IK, Kargi F. Bio-hydrogen production from waste materials. Enzyme Microb Technol. 2021;38:569–582.
31. Gomez X, Moran A, Cuetos MJ, Sanchez ME. The production of hydrogen by dark fermentation of municipal solid wastes & slaughterhouse waste: A two-phase process. J Power Sources. 2021;157(2):727–732.
32. Redondas V, Gomez X, Garcia S, Pevida C, Rubiera F, Moran A, et al. Hydrogen production from food wastes and gas post-treatment by CO₂ adsorption. Waste Manag. 2022;3(1):60–66.

Infact, overview on the potential of the hydrolyzed and unhydrolyzed biodigester system to produce biohydrogen (BioH2) gas using wood saw dust material obtained from Nigeria was examined with respect to the influence of the biomass build-up as well as related to the pretreatment property. The production of hydrogen gas was influenced by the pH and particle size of the wood saw dust and both the hydrolyzed and unhydrolyzed biodigester yielded BioH2, BioCO2, BioH2S but the major but the major different and significant observation is the quantity of products observation is the quantity of products obtained at the end of the process. The pH value was within range of 6.5 to 8.5 and the particle size is also within the range of 1.0 to 3.0mm. At pH of 6.5 and mixed strain for hydrolyzed revealed higher potential value of pure strain than mixed strain but in the case of pH of 7.5 and particle size of 2.0mm as well as pH of 8.5 and particle size of 3.0mm, the rate of production of BioH2, BioCH4, BioCO2 and BioH2S was induced by the pH value and particle size with higher values. These characteristics were showcased in both hydrolyzed biodigester units examined. The investigation has revealed that the process condition applied in the production of Biohydrogen gas from wood materials could be influenced by the pH value, particle size and contact time and the type of microorganisms associated in the degradation process.

Keywords: Overview, influence, biomass, pretreatment, hydrolyzed, unhydrolyzed, BioH2 yield

🔒 This is a subscription article

Full text is available to subscribers and institutional members. Please choose an option below to access it.

1. Adessi A, De Philippis R. Hydrogen production: Photo-fermentation. In: Microbial Technologies in Advanced Biofuels Production. Boston (MA): Springer; 2022. p. 53–75.
2. Danko AS, Pinheiro F, Abreu AA, Alves MM. Effect of methanogenic inhibitors, inocula type, and temperature on biohydrogen production from food components. Environ Eng Manag J. 2024;7(5):531–536.
3. Ntaikou I, Antonopoulou G, Lyberatos G. Biohydrogen production from biomass & wastes via dark fermentation: A review. Waste Biomass Valorization. 2020;1:21–39.
4. Wu X, Zhu J, Dong C, Miller C, Li Y, Wang L. Continuous biohydrogen production from liquid swine manure supplemented with glucose using an anaerobic sequencing batch reactor. Int J Hydrogen Energy. 2021;3(4):36–45.

1. Jordanov JM. White hydrogen--a new paradigm of applied geology. Rev Bulg Geol Soc. 2024;85(3).
2. Howarth RW, Jacobson MZ. How green is Blue Hydrogen? Energy Sci Eng. 2021;9(10):676–687.
3. Hafez H, Baghchehsaraee B, Nakhla G, Karamanev D, Margaritis A, El-Naggar H. Comparative assessment of decoupling of biomass and hydraulic retention times in hydrogen production bioreactors. Int J Hydrogen Energy. 2021;34:603–611.
4. Hitam CNC, Jalil AA. A review on biohydrogen production through photo-fermentation of lignocellulosic biomass. Biomass Convers Biorefin. 2020:1–19.
5. Kamalaskar LB, Dhakephalkar PK, Meher KK, Ranade DR. High biohydrogen yielding Clostridium sp. DMHC-10 isolated from sludge of distillery waste treatment plant. Int J Hydrogen Energy. 2020;35:639–644.
6. Kang SW, Park YS, Lee JS, Hong SI, Kim SW. Production of cellulases and hemicellulases by Aspergillus niger KK2 from lignocellulosic biomass. Bioresour Technol. 2021;91:153–156.
7. Gorain S. Exploring the White Hydrogen Potential of the Aman Basin’s Sea Floor Spreading Centre. In: Fifth EAGE Global Energy Transition Conference and Exhibition. European Association of Geoscientists and Engineers; 2024. p. 1–5.
8. Zhu J, Li Y, Wu X, Miller C, Chen P, Ruan R. Swine manure fermentation for hydrogen production. Bioresour Technol. 2021;10(4):472–477.
9. Azwar MY, Hussain MA, Abdul AK. Development of biohydrogen production by photobiological, fermentation and electrochemical processes: A review. Renew Sustain Energy Rev. 2019;31:158– 173.
10. Claassen PAM, van Lier JB, Contreras AML, van Niel EWJ, Sijtsma L, Stams AJM, et al. Utilisation of biomass for the supply of energy carriers. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2019;52(6):741–755.
11. Das D, Veziroglu TN. Hydrogen production by biological processes: A survey of literature. Int J Hydrogen Energy. 2022;26(1):13–28.
12. Nath K, Das D. Hydrogen from biomass. Curr Sci. 2022;85(3):265–271.
13. Panagiotopoulos I, Bakker R, De Vrije T, van Niel E, Koukios E, Claassen P. Exploring critical factors for fermentative hydrogen production from various types of lignocellulosic biomass. J Jpn Inst Energy. 2019;9(4):363–368.
14. Benemann J. Hydrogen biotechnology: Progress and prospects. Nat Biotechnol. 2021;14(9):101– 103.
15. Ni M, Leung DY, Leung MK, Sumathy K. An overview of hydrogen production from biomass. Fuel Process Technol. 2021;87:461–472.
16. Chang HN, Kim NJ, Kang J, Jeong CM. Biomass-derived volatile fatty acid platform for fuels & chemicals. Biotechnol Bioprocess Eng. 2020;15(1):1–10.
17. De Vrije T, Bakker RR, Budde MAW, Lai MH, Mars AE, Claassen PAM. Efficient hydrogen production from the lignocellulosic energy crop Miscanthus by the extreme thermophilic bacteria Caldicellulosiruptor saccharolyticus & Thermotoga neapolitana. Biotechnol Biofuels. 2019;2(12):15.
18. Levin DB, Pitt L, Love M. Biohydrogen production: Prospects and limitations to practical application. Int J Hydrogen Energy. 2021;29(2):173–185.
19. Chaganti SR, Pendyala B, Lalman JA, Veeravalli SS, Heath DD. Influence of linoleic acid, pH & HRT on anaerobic microbial populations & metabolic shifts in ASBRs during dark hydrogen fermentation of lignocellulosic sugars. Int J Hydrogen Energy. 2023;38(5):212–220.
20. Antonopoulou G, Gavala HN, Skiadas IV, Angelopoulos K, Lyberatos G. Biofuels generation from sweet sorghum: Fermentative hydrogen production & anaerobic digestion of the remaining biomass. Bioresour Technol. 2024;9(1):110–119.
21. Danko AS, Pinheiro F, Abreu AA, Alves MM. Effect of methanogenic inhibitors, inocula type, and temperature on biohydrogen production from food components. Environ Eng Manag J. 2024;7(5):531–536.
22. Schink B, Stams AM. Syntrophism among prokaryotes. In: Dworkin M, Falkow S, Rosenberg E, Schleifer KH, Stackebrandt E, editors. The Prokaryotes. New York (NY): Springer; 2021. p. 309– 315.
23. Ray S, Saady NMC, Lalman JA. Diverting electron fluxes to hydrogen in mixed anaerobic communities fed with glucose and unsaturated C18 long chain fatty acids. J Environ Eng (ASCE). 2020;6(6):568–575.
24. Tenca A, Schievano A, Perazzolo F, Adani F, Oberti R. Biohydrogen from thermophilic co-fermentation of swine manure with fruit & vegetable waste: Maximizing stable production without pH control. Bioresour Technol. 2019;10(2):582–588.
25. Angenent LT, Karim K, Al-Dahhan MH, Domiguez R. Production of bioenergy & biochemicals from industrial & agricultural wastewater. Trends Biotechnol. 2021;22(9):477–485.
26. Shin HS, Youn JH, Kim SH. Hydrogen production from food waste in anaerobic mesophilic and thermophilic acidogenesis. Int J Hydrogen Energy. 2021;29(3):55–63.
27. Levin DB, Chahine R. Challenges for renewable hydrogen production from biomass. Int J Hydrogen Energy. 2020;35(10):962–969.
28. Luzzi A, Bonadio L, McCann M. In pursuit of the future – 25 years of IEA research towards the realisation of hydrogen energy systems. International Energy Agency – Hydrogen Implementing Agreement. 2021:520–585.
29. USDOE. A national vision of America’s transition to a hydrogen economy-to 2030 and beyond. National Hydrogen Vision Meeting. Washington (DC); 2021. p. 15–16.
30. Kapdan IK, Kargi F. Bio-hydrogen production from waste materials. Enzyme Microb Technol. 2021;38:569–582.
31. Gomez X, Moran A, Cuetos MJ, Sanchez ME. The production of hydrogen by dark fermentation of municipal solid wastes & slaughterhouse waste: A two-phase process. J Power Sources. 2021;157(2):727–732.
32. Redondas V, Gomez X, Garcia S, Pevida C, Rubiera F, Moran A, et al. Hydrogen production from food wastes and gas post-treatment by CO₂ adsorption. Waste Manag. 2022;3(1):60–66.