By: C. P. Ukpaka
1Research Student, College of Engineering, Computer Studies and Architecture, Department of Industrial Engineering, Lyceum of the Philippines University, Cavite, Philippines.
2Research Student, College of Engineering, Computer Studies and Architecture, Department of Computer Engineering, Lyceum of the Philippines University, Cavite, Philippines.
3Professor, Department of Chemical/Petrochemical Engineering, Rivers State University, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria.
This study presents a comparative investigation of the single-electron systems in group 2 elements, with
the primary objective of understanding the underlying trends in ionization energy, chemical reactivity,
spectral lines, and radial probability distributions. The purpose of this research is to elucidate how
these properties evolve as one moves down the group, from beryllium (Be) to radium (Ra), and to
explore the implications for theoretical models and practical applications. One of the key problems
addressed in this study is the need for a comprehensive analysis of how the atomic structure of group 2
elements influences their chemical and physical behavior. The challenge lies in accurately capturing
the variations in electron behavior across different elements and understanding how these variations
impact the overall properties of these elements. The procedures employed include detailed
computational analyses of ionization energies, reactivity, and spectral characteristics, coupled with the
study of radial probability distributions. The spectral lines for magnesium were specifically analyzed
at principal quantum numbers 3, 4, and 5, yielding wavelengths of 4.5 nm, 3.488 nm, and 3 nm,
respectively. The radial probability distribution was also examined, showing a peak likelihood of
electron presence at a specific radial distance. The products of this investigation reveal that ionization
energy decreases consistently from Be to Ra, while chemical reactivity generally increases down the
group. Additionally, the policy implications of this research suggest that understanding these atomic
properties can significantly impact fields, such as material science, quantum chemistry, and
spectroscopy. By better comprehending how these elements behave under various conditions, scientists
and engineers can develop more effective materials and technologies, optimizing the use of group 2
elements in various industrial and research applications. The findings also underscore the importance
of continued research in atomic theory and its applications, encouraging the development of more
refined models that account for the complexities observed in this study.
Citation:
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