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By: Arvinder Singh Channi and Manjot Kaur Channi.
Associate Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering,
Guru Kashi University, Talwandi Sabo, Punjab, India
Student, Department of Electronics and Communication,
National Institute of Technology, New Delhi, Delhi, India.
Advanced biomaterials with great promise for use in dental and biomedical applications are bio-ceramic and polymer composites. These composites combine the flexibility, biodegradability, and processability of polymers with the mechanical strength, bioactivity, and biocompatibility of bio-ceramics. Clinical success is often limited by the biological response and tissue compatibility of conventional materials such as metals and single-phase ceramics. Oste conductivity and bone-like characteristics are exhibited by bio-ceramic materials, such as hydroxyapatite (HA), tricalcium phosphate (TCP), zirconia, and bioactive glasses, whereas polymers, like chitosan, polycaprolactone (PCL), and polyether ketone (PEEK), are recognized for their mechanical strength and ease of processing. These materials can be hybridized to create composites with improved qualities that can be used in biodegradable. The performance of these composites has been further enhanced by developments in nanotechnology and additive manufacturing techniques, which allow for fine control over surface characteristics and structure. Implants with optimum mechanical and biological qualities can be made for each patient using fabrication techniques like 3D printing, electrospinning, and freeze-drying. Bioceramic–polymer composites have demonstrated enhanced osseointegration and decreased bacterial colonization in dental applications, including crowns, bridges, bone grafts, and guided tissue regeneration. Poor interfacial bonding, irregular degradation rates, expensive manufacturing costs, and a lack of clinical trials are still issues, though. The goal of future research is to create intelligent composites with integrated drug delivery systems, self-repairing capabilities, and antimicrobial qualities. Overcoming these obstacles and achieving the full potential of bio-ceramic–polymer composites in next-generation biomedical devices will require sustained interdisciplinary cooperation and technological developments.
Citation:
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