The design and execution of a wireless remote-controlled vehicle that employs Bluetooth technology, generally paired with an Arduino microcontroller, is the focus of this project. The primary aim is to develop a cost-efficient, easily accessible, and user-friendly prototype car, which can be accurately maneuvered in various directions (forward, backward, left, and right) through commands dispatched from a Bluetooth-enabled smart device, such as a smartphone or tablet. In this endeavor, an Arduino microcontroller platform along with Bluetooth connectivity is utilized to create and implement a wireless remote-controlled car. The principal objective was to design an economical, engaging, and user-friendly prototype that could be operated remotely via a standard smartphone or other Bluetooth-enabled devices. The system comprises an Arduino Uno (or a similar) microcontroller, a motor driver (like the L298N or L293D), a Bluetooth module (such as the HC-05 or HC-06) for wireless communication, and DC geared motors for propulsion. To relay specific commands (Forward, Backward, Left, Right, Stop) to the Bluetooth module, an Android application was developed to serve as the control software. These orders are received by the Bluetooth module and sent to the Arduino, which interprets the input and produces the proper control signals for the motor driver. Smooth navigation and dependable vehicle movement are made possible by the motor driver's control over the DC motors' speed and direction. Within the useful Bluetooth working range, experimental testing showed consistent performance, responsive control, and robust wireless connectivity. In addition to offering opportunities for future improvements like obstacle detection, voice control, and Internet of Things (IoT) integration, the developed prototype provides an easy-to-use and reasonably priced platform for robotics education, research in embedded systems, and wireless automation.

Keywords- Arduino Uno, L298N, Motor Driver, Bluetooth module, Internet of Things

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1. Sumukh AV, Nagarathna S, Nanda S. Bluetooth Controlled Robot with Real-Time Obstacle Detection and Live Video Feedback. In2025 International Conference on Emerging Technologies in Electronics and Green Energy (ICETEG) 2025 Oct 10 (pp. 1- 6). IEEE.
2. Ogunbiyi O, Adesina LM, Lawal A, Adeyeye A, Agboola IT. Development of a Bluetooth-enabled Arduino-based robotic system for remote manipulation and navigation. IEEE Access. 2025 May;13:29201-13.
3. Neelima K, Haricharan S, Vamshi B, Pranav V, Abhinay C. Design and Development of a Prototype Smart Wheelchair Control System for Enhanced Accessibility and Safety. International Transactions on Electrical Engineering and Computer Science. 2026 Mar 17;5(1):35-43.
4. Shelke D, Pawar P, Tate P, Shinde P, Mali AS. Trends & Technologies in Obstacle Avoidance Systems Based on Arduino. system. 2025 Oct;5(4).
5. Hsu TC, Abelson H, Lao N, Tseng YH, Lin YT. Behavioral-pattern exploration and development of an instructional tool for young children to learn AI. Computers and Education: Artificial Intelligence. 2021 Jan 1;2:100012.
6. Hu H. An educational Arduino robot for visual Deep Learning experiments: H. Hu. International Journal of Intelligent Robotics and Applications. 2020 Mar;4(1):73-81.
7. Siegwart R, Nourbakhsh IR, Scaramuzza D. Introduction to autonomous mobile robots. MIT press; 2011 Feb 18.
8. Picariello E, Lamonaca F, Lamonaca F, De Vito L, Daponte P. Sensors and measurements for unmanned systems: a review and some insights into the world of quantum measurements. Modern Technologies Enabling Innovative Methods for Maritime Monitoring and Strengthening Resilience in Maritime Critical Infrastructures. 2024:111- 41.
9. Shelke D, Pawar P, Tate P, Shinde P, Mali AS. Trends & Technologies in Obstacle Avoidance Systems Based on Arduino. system. 2025 Oct;5(4).
10. Nahavandi S, Alizadehsani R, Nahavandi D, Mohamed S, Mohajer N, Rokonuzzaman M, Hossain I. A comprehensive review on autonomous navigation. ACM Computing Surveys. 2025 May 6;57(9):1-67.
11. Adarsh S, Kaleemuddin SM, Bose D, Ramachandran KI. Performance comparison of Infrared and Ultrasonic sensors for obstacles of different materials in vehicle/robot navigation applications. InIOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 2016 Sep 1 (Vol. 149, No. 1, p. 012141). IOP publishing.

The design and execution of a wireless remote-controlled vehicle that employs Bluetooth technology, generally paired with an Arduino microcontroller, is the focus of this project. The primary aim is to develop a cost-efficient, easily accessible, and user-friendly prototype car, which can be accurately maneuvered in various directions (forward, backward, left, and right) through commands dispatched from a Bluetooth-enabled smart device, such as a smartphone or tablet. In this endeavor, an Arduino microcontroller platform along with Bluetooth connectivity is utilized to create and implement a wireless remote-controlled car. The principal objective was to design an economical, engaging, and user-friendly prototype that could be operated remotely via a standard smartphone or other Bluetooth-enabled devices. The system comprises an Arduino Uno (or a similar) microcontroller, a motor driver (like the L298N or L293D), a Bluetooth module (such as the HC-05 or HC-06) for wireless communication, and DC geared motors for propulsion. To relay specific commands (Forward, Backward, Left, Right, Stop) to the Bluetooth module, an Android application was developed to serve as the control software. These orders are received by the Bluetooth module and sent to the Arduino, which interprets the input and produces the proper control signals for the motor driver. Smooth navigation and dependable vehicle movement are made possible by the motor driver's control over the DC motors' speed and direction. Within the useful Bluetooth working range, experimental testing showed consistent performance, responsive control, and robust wireless connectivity. In addition to offering opportunities for future improvements like obstacle detection, voice control, and Internet of Things (IoT) integration, the developed prototype provides an easy-to-use and reasonably priced platform for robotics education, research in embedded systems, and wireless automation.

Keywords- Arduino Uno, L298N, Motor Driver, Bluetooth module, Internet of Things

🔒 This is a subscription article

Full text is available to subscribers and institutional members. Please choose an option below to access it.

1. Sumukh AV, Nagarathna S, Nanda S. Bluetooth Controlled Robot with Real-Time Obstacle Detection and Live Video Feedback. In2025 International Conference on Emerging Technologies in Electronics and Green Energy (ICETEG) 2025 Oct 10 (pp. 1- 6). IEEE.
2. Ogunbiyi O, Adesina LM, Lawal A, Adeyeye A, Agboola IT. Development of a Bluetooth-enabled Arduino-based robotic system for remote manipulation and navigation. IEEE Access. 2025 May;13:29201-13.
3. Neelima K, Haricharan S, Vamshi B, Pranav V, Abhinay C. Design and Development of a Prototype Smart Wheelchair Control System for Enhanced Accessibility and Safety. International Transactions on Electrical Engineering and Computer Science. 2026 Mar 17;5(1):35-43.
4. Shelke D, Pawar P, Tate P, Shinde P, Mali AS. Trends & Technologies in Obstacle Avoidance Systems Based on Arduino. system. 2025 Oct;5(4).
5. Hsu TC, Abelson H, Lao N, Tseng YH, Lin YT. Behavioral-pattern exploration and development of an instructional tool for young children to learn AI. Computers and Education: Artificial Intelligence. 2021 Jan 1;2:100012.
6. Hu H. An educational Arduino robot for visual Deep Learning experiments: H. Hu. International Journal of Intelligent Robotics and Applications. 2020 Mar;4(1):73-81.
7. Siegwart R, Nourbakhsh IR, Scaramuzza D. Introduction to autonomous mobile robots. MIT press; 2011 Feb 18.
8. Picariello E, Lamonaca F, Lamonaca F, De Vito L, Daponte P. Sensors and measurements for unmanned systems: a review and some insights into the world of quantum measurements. Modern Technologies Enabling Innovative Methods for Maritime Monitoring and Strengthening Resilience in Maritime Critical Infrastructures. 2024:111- 41.
9. Shelke D, Pawar P, Tate P, Shinde P, Mali AS. Trends & Technologies in Obstacle Avoidance Systems Based on Arduino. system. 2025 Oct;5(4).
10. Nahavandi S, Alizadehsani R, Nahavandi D, Mohamed S, Mohajer N, Rokonuzzaman M, Hossain I. A comprehensive review on autonomous navigation. ACM Computing Surveys. 2025 May 6;57(9):1-67.
11. Adarsh S, Kaleemuddin SM, Bose D, Ramachandran KI. Performance comparison of Infrared and Ultrasonic sensors for obstacles of different materials in vehicle/robot navigation applications. InIOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 2016 Sep 1 (Vol. 149, No. 1, p. 012141). IOP publishing.