Structure and dynamics of carbon dangling bonds in activated carbon materials from biomass

Volume: 11 | Issue: 01 | Year 2025 | Subscription
International Journal of Green Chemistry
Received Date: 12/30/2024
Acceptance Date: 12/31/2024
Published On: 2025-01-02
First Page: 1
Last Page: 16

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By: Viswanathan Balasubramanian, Indra Neel Pulidindi, and Varadarajan Thirukallam Kanthadai

Retired Professor, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Madras,
Chennai – 600036, India.

Abstract

Active carbon materials are inevitable for energy-related applications. Production of such materials from biomass is sustainable. Microporous activated carbon materials with high specific surface area and pore sizes of less than 2 nm find life-saving applications apart from their utility in environmental remediation. The free electron density of these materials is tunable and is a measure of the electrical conductivity useful for the development of green and renewable energy sources. A simple and economically viable methodology is reported for the sulfur-functionalized nanoporous activated carbon material derived from wasteland weed native to India, namely, Ipomoea carnea. Owing to the presence of high spin concentration, the material holds the promise of being an ideal adsorbent for environmental contaminants, apart from being used as a potential electrode material for energy conversion as well as energy storage devices that operate on the principles of catalysis. The electrical conductivity in activated carbon materials is proportional to the free electron density. A successful attempt has been made to synthesize sulfur-functionalized activated carbon material from Ipomoea carnea, a representative wasteland weed native to India. The free electron concentration of the material (0.983 x 10-20 spins/g) with a g value of 2.00082 is either higher or similar to most of the biomass derived as well as commercial fossil-based activated carbon materials. The origin of the paramagnetic center is assumed to be the dangling bonds of carbon in the neighborhood of dangling H centers. However, the truth regarding the structure and dynamics of the C-dangling bands in biomass-based carbon materials is yet to be revealed, needing further experimentation. Free electron enriched activated carbon materials from biomass are potential electrode materials for both energy storage as well as energy conversion devices for sustainability.

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How to cite this article: Viswanathan Balasubramanian, Indra Neel Pulidindi, and Varadarajan Thirukallam Kanthadai, Structure and dynamics of carbon dangling bonds in activated carbon materials from biomass. International Journal of Green Chemistry. 2025; 11(01): 1-16p.

How to cite this URL: Viswanathan Balasubramanian, Indra Neel Pulidindi, and Varadarajan Thirukallam Kanthadai, Structure and dynamics of carbon dangling bonds in activated carbon materials from biomass. International Journal of Green Chemistry. 2025; 11(01): 1-16p. Available from:https://journalspub.com/publication/ijgc/article=13646
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