Microstructure and Mechanical Behavior of Microalloyed Forging Steels

Volume: 11 | Issue: 02 | Year 2025 | Subscription
International Journal of Metallurgy and Alloys
Received Date: 03/12/2025
Acceptance Date: 03/26/2025
Published On: 2025-09-11
First Page: 1
Last Page: 14

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https://doi.org/10.37628/ijma.v11i02.20723

By: P. K. Mandal

Assistant Professor, Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Amal Jyothi College of Engineering, Kanjirappally, Kerala, India

Abstract

The microalloyed (MA) forging steels have been developed over the past several decades and they are gradually employed in the high-performance applications in many structural, automotive, and numerous engineering applications. The principle of microalloying contents in the Fe–C alloy system, thereby preferably combined with different mechanical, heat treatment, and microalloying solubility control the precipitation behaviors that lead to enormous opportunities to develop a new generation of high strength low alloy (HSLA) steels. Although, alloy chemistry is unexpectedly favorable for preserving high strength and toughness to encourage alloy development point of views, whereas mild C, low S and low P, and valuable minor elements (Cr, Mo, Ni, Cu, and Co) are highly appreciable to enhance mechanical properties. The MA steels rods were cast through melting route and subsequently hot forged then normalized at 950oC and 1100oC, respectively, and then tempered at 600oC to attain optimum hardness of 220HV. Specially, niobium (Nb) offers substantial precipitation strengthening on deformed austenite substructure and suppressing recrystallization, thereby refining the final microstructures and mechanical properties of niobium content MA steels have been investigated and major solubility influenced the precipitating compounds, such as NbC, V (C, N), or TiN, etc. The optimum mechanical properties were obtained after normalizing treatment from 1100oC then immediately fast airdraft cooled likely to YS of 520 MPa, UTS of 660 MPa, ductility of 39.92%, RA of 45.24%, and notable impact energy achieved optimum at room temperature (RT) of 196 J/cm2 and cryogenic treatment (CT) at –20oC of 60 J/cm2, respectively.

Keywords: Impact energy, mechanical properties, MA steels, Niobium, precipitation strengthening, mechanical properties

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Citation:

How to cite this article: P. K. Mandal, Microstructure and Mechanical Behavior of Microalloyed Forging Steels. International Journal of Metallurgy and Alloys. 2025; 11(02): 1-14p.

How to cite this URL: P. K. Mandal, Microstructure and Mechanical Behavior of Microalloyed Forging Steels. International Journal of Metallurgy and Alloys. 2025; 11(02): 1-14p. Available from:https://journalspub.com/publication/ijma/article=20723

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https://doi.org/10.37628/ijma.v11i02.20723
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