IoT Antenna Design for Emerging Technologies: A Study
Dr. Kazi Kutubuddin Sayyad Liyakat | International Journal of Microwave Engineering and Technology | Vol 11, Issue 02 | pp. 39-55 | ISSN: 2455-0337
Abstract
The relentless expansion of the Internet of Things (IoT) is fundamentally transforming industries and daily life, interlinking billions of diverse devices. At the heart of this revolution lies the antenna – the critical interface that enables wireless connectivity, yet often presents the most significant design challenge. This paper explores the intricate landscape of IoT antenna design, addressing the multi-faceted demands driven by device miniaturization, pervasive connectivity, energy efficiency, and cost-effectiveness. We delve into the unique constraints imposed by varied operating environments (e.g., wearables, smart homes, industrial sensors, autonomous vehicles) and diverse communication protocols (e.g., Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, LoRa, NB-IoT, 5G). Key design considerations, including impedance matching, radiation pattern optimization, multi-band capabilities, and integration with complex on-chip systems or compact device enclosures, are critically examined. The insights presented aim to guide engineers and researchers in developing robust, high-performance, and cost-effective antenna solutions crucial for unlocking the full potential of the interconnected IoT ecosystem.
IoT, Antenna, Form factor, Bandwidth, LoRa
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1. Argonda UA. Review paper for design and simulation of a patch antenna by using HFSS. Int J Trends Sci Res Dev. 2018;2(2):158-60. 2. Shirdale Y, et al. Analysis and design of capacitive coupled wideband microstrip antenna in C and X band: A survey. J GSD-Int Soc Green Sustain Eng Manag. 2014;1(15):1-7. 3. Shirdale Y, et al. Coplanar capacitive coupled probe fed microstrip antenna for C and X band. Int J Adv Res Comput Commun Eng. 2016;5(4):661-3. 4. Kazi K. Lassar methodology for network intrusion detection. Sch Res J Humanit Sci Engl Lang. 2017;4(24):6853-61. 5. Halli UM. Nanotechnology in IoT security. J Nanosci Nanoeng Appl. 2022;12(3):11-6. 6. Mamdyal M, Sandupatia M, et al. GPS tracking system. Int J Adv Res Sci Commun Technol (IJARSCT). 2022;2(1):2492-529. Available from: https://ijarsct.co.in/A7317.pdf 7. Sultanabanu. Dispersion compensation in optical fiber: A review. J Telecommun Study. 2023;8(3):14-9. 8. Liyakat KKS. Nanotechnology in space study. Int J Appl Nanotechnol. 2024;10(2):39-46. 9. Liyakat S. Microwave communication in the Internet of Things: A study. J RF Microwave Commun Technol. 2024;:38-49. 10. Kosgiker GM. Satellite sensing for sea level monitoring: A transformative approach to understanding climate change. J Microwave Eng Technol. 2025;12(1):33-41. 11. Liyakat S. Transforming IoT connectivity through VLSI technology. Int J VLSI Circ Des Technol. 2024;2(2):1-11. 12. Liyakat S. The future is smelling: Exploring the potential of e-nose. J Semicond Devices Circuits. 2025;12(1):16-27. 13. Sultanabanu. Quantum key distribution in optical fiber communication: A study. Trends Opto-Electro Opt Commun. 2025;15(1):30-40. 14. Liyakat S. Multimedia technology in healthcare: A study. J Multimedia Technol Recent Adv. 2025;12(1):23-9. 15. Liyakat S. TensorFlow-based big data analytics for IoT networks: A study. Int J Data Struct Stud. 2025;3(1):32-40. 16. Liyakat S. e-Skin applications in healthcare and robotics: A study. J Adv Robot. 2025;12(1):13-21. 17. Liyakat KKS. Millimeter wave in Internet of Things connectivity: A study. Int J Wireless Secur Netw. 2025;3(1):13-23. 18. Liyakat KKS. VHDL programming for secure true random number generators in IoT security. Res Rev Electron Commun Eng. 2025;2(1):38-47. 19. Mulla NR, Liyakat KKS. IoT sensors to monitor pipeline pressure and flow rate combined with ML algorithms to detect leakages. Recent Trends Fluid Mech. 2025;12(2):40-8. 20. Shaik HR, Liyakat KKS. Juncture of nanotechnology and IoT: Novel era of connectivity. Nano Trends – J Nanotechnol Appl. 2025;27(3). 21. Liyakat S. KVS approach for IoT network security: A novel approach to IoT network security with B-cell inspired models. J Netw Secur. 2025;13(2):16-25. 22. Shaikh HT. The future of coastal resilience: Harnessing satellite technology. Adv Res Commun Eng Innov. 2025;:28-36. 23. Shaikh HT, Liyakat KKS. Sensor-based intelligent wearable glasses. J Digit Circuitry Innov Electr Devices. 2025;1(2):16-24. 24. Shaikh HT, Liyakat KKS. Millimetre wave: A study on the backbone of future IoT connectivity. Adv Res Analog Digit Commun. 2025;2(2):20-31. 25. Mulani AK. Microwave signals: A new frontier in non-invasive medical diagnostics: A study. J Microwave Eng Technol. 2025;12(3):27-41. 26. Mulani AK. Revolutionizing optical fibre field distribution with linear finite element method. Trends Opto-Electro Opt Commun. 2025;15(3):31-41. 27. Shaikh HT, Liyakat KKS. Robust access control mechanisms in IoT security using VHDL programming. J VLSI Des Signal Process. 2025;11(2):31-40. 28. Pawar RM, Kulkarni AB, Patu SG. Sensors and artificial intelligence based intelligent thermos. Recent Trends Sensor Res Technol. 2025;12(3):37-45. 29. Mulani AK. Optical fibre pressure sensor in medicine: A study. Recent Trends Sensor Res Technol. 2025;12(3):18-27
How to cite this article
APA
Liyakat, D. K. K. S. (2026). IoT Antenna Design for Emerging Technologies: A Study. International Journal of Microwave Engineering and Technology, 11(02), 39-55.
MLA
Liyakat, Dr. Kazi Kutubuddin Sayyad. “IoT Antenna Design for Emerging Technologies: A Study.” International Journal of Microwave Engineering and Technology, vol. 11, no. 02, 2026, pp. 39-55.
Chicago
Dr. Kazi Kutubuddin Sayyad Liyakat. “IoT Antenna Design for Emerging Technologies: A Study.” International Journal of Microwave Engineering and Technology 11, no. 02 (2026): 39-55.
Vancouver
Liyakat DKKS. IoT Antenna Design for Emerging Technologies: A Study. International Journal of Microwave Engineering and Technology. 2026;11(02):39-55.
BibTeX
@article{LiyakatDKKS2026,
author = {Dr. Kazi Kutubuddin Sayyad Liyakat},
title = {IoT Antenna Design for Emerging Technologies: A Study},
journal = {International Journal of Microwave Engineering and Technology},
year = {2026},
volume = {11},
number = {02},
pages = {39--55},
issn = {2455-0337},
url = {https://journalspub.com/publication/ijmet/article=22957}
}
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Dr. Kazi Kutubuddin Sayyad Liyakat | International Journal of Microwave Engineering and Technology | Vol 11, Issue 02 | pp. 39-55 | ISSN: 2455-0337
Abstract
The relentless expansion of the Internet of Things (IoT) is fundamentally transforming industries and daily life, interlinking billions of diverse devices. At the heart of this revolution lies the antenna – the critical interface that enables wireless connectivity, yet often presents the most significant design challenge. This paper explores the intricate landscape of IoT antenna design, addressing the multi-faceted demands driven by device miniaturization, pervasive connectivity, energy efficiency, and cost-effectiveness. We delve into the unique constraints imposed by varied operating environments (e.g., wearables, smart homes, industrial sensors, autonomous vehicles) and diverse communication protocols (e.g., Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, LoRa, NB-IoT, 5G). Key design considerations, including impedance matching, radiation pattern optimization, multi-band capabilities, and integration with complex on-chip systems or compact device enclosures, are critically examined. The insights presented aim to guide engineers and researchers in developing robust, high-performance, and cost-effective antenna solutions crucial for unlocking the full potential of the interconnected IoT ecosystem.
IoT, Antenna, Form factor, Bandwidth, LoRa
🔒 This is a subscription article
Full text is available to subscribers and institutional members. Please choose an option below to access it.
1. Argonda UA. Review paper for design and simulation of a patch antenna by using HFSS. Int J Trends Sci Res Dev. 2018;2(2):158-60. 2. Shirdale Y, et al. Analysis and design of capacitive coupled wideband microstrip antenna in C and X band: A survey. J GSD-Int Soc Green Sustain Eng Manag. 2014;1(15):1-7. 3. Shirdale Y, et al. Coplanar capacitive coupled probe fed microstrip antenna for C and X band. Int J Adv Res Comput Commun Eng. 2016;5(4):661-3. 4. Kazi K. Lassar methodology for network intrusion detection. Sch Res J Humanit Sci Engl Lang. 2017;4(24):6853-61. 5. Halli UM. Nanotechnology in IoT security. J Nanosci Nanoeng Appl. 2022;12(3):11-6. 6. Mamdyal M, Sandupatia M, et al. GPS tracking system. Int J Adv Res Sci Commun Technol (IJARSCT). 2022;2(1):2492-529. Available from: https://ijarsct.co.in/A7317.pdf 7. Sultanabanu. Dispersion compensation in optical fiber: A review. J Telecommun Study. 2023;8(3):14-9. 8. Liyakat KKS. Nanotechnology in space study. Int J Appl Nanotechnol. 2024;10(2):39-46. 9. Liyakat S. Microwave communication in the Internet of Things: A study. J RF Microwave Commun Technol. 2024;:38-49. 10. Kosgiker GM. Satellite sensing for sea level monitoring: A transformative approach to understanding climate change. J Microwave Eng Technol. 2025;12(1):33-41. 11. Liyakat S. Transforming IoT connectivity through VLSI technology. Int J VLSI Circ Des Technol. 2024;2(2):1-11. 12. Liyakat S. The future is smelling: Exploring the potential of e-nose. J Semicond Devices Circuits. 2025;12(1):16-27. 13. Sultanabanu. Quantum key distribution in optical fiber communication: A study. Trends Opto-Electro Opt Commun. 2025;15(1):30-40. 14. Liyakat S. Multimedia technology in healthcare: A study. J Multimedia Technol Recent Adv. 2025;12(1):23-9. 15. Liyakat S. TensorFlow-based big data analytics for IoT networks: A study. Int J Data Struct Stud. 2025;3(1):32-40. 16. Liyakat S. e-Skin applications in healthcare and robotics: A study. J Adv Robot. 2025;12(1):13-21. 17. Liyakat KKS. Millimeter wave in Internet of Things connectivity: A study. Int J Wireless Secur Netw. 2025;3(1):13-23. 18. Liyakat KKS. VHDL programming for secure true random number generators in IoT security. Res Rev Electron Commun Eng. 2025;2(1):38-47. 19. Mulla NR, Liyakat KKS. IoT sensors to monitor pipeline pressure and flow rate combined with ML algorithms to detect leakages. Recent Trends Fluid Mech. 2025;12(2):40-8. 20. Shaik HR, Liyakat KKS. Juncture of nanotechnology and IoT: Novel era of connectivity. Nano Trends – J Nanotechnol Appl. 2025;27(3). 21. Liyakat S. KVS approach for IoT network security: A novel approach to IoT network security with B-cell inspired models. J Netw Secur. 2025;13(2):16-25. 22. Shaikh HT. The future of coastal resilience: Harnessing satellite technology. Adv Res Commun Eng Innov. 2025;:28-36. 23. Shaikh HT, Liyakat KKS. Sensor-based intelligent wearable glasses. J Digit Circuitry Innov Electr Devices. 2025;1(2):16-24. 24. Shaikh HT, Liyakat KKS. Millimetre wave: A study on the backbone of future IoT connectivity. Adv Res Analog Digit Commun. 2025;2(2):20-31. 25. Mulani AK. Microwave signals: A new frontier in non-invasive medical diagnostics: A study. J Microwave Eng Technol. 2025;12(3):27-41. 26. Mulani AK. Revolutionizing optical fibre field distribution with linear finite element method. Trends Opto-Electro Opt Commun. 2025;15(3):31-41. 27. Shaikh HT, Liyakat KKS. Robust access control mechanisms in IoT security using VHDL programming. J VLSI Des Signal Process. 2025;11(2):31-40. 28. Pawar RM, Kulkarni AB, Patu SG. Sensors and artificial intelligence based intelligent thermos. Recent Trends Sensor Res Technol. 2025;12(3):37-45. 29. Mulani AK. Optical fibre pressure sensor in medicine: A study. Recent Trends Sensor Res Technol. 2025;12(3):18-27
How to cite this article
APA
Liyakat, D. K. K. S. (2026). IoT Antenna Design for Emerging Technologies: A Study. International Journal of Microwave Engineering and Technology, 11(02), 39-55.
MLA
Liyakat, Dr. Kazi Kutubuddin Sayyad. “IoT Antenna Design for Emerging Technologies: A Study.” International Journal of Microwave Engineering and Technology, vol. 11, no. 02, 2026, pp. 39-55.
Chicago
Dr. Kazi Kutubuddin Sayyad Liyakat. “IoT Antenna Design for Emerging Technologies: A Study.” International Journal of Microwave Engineering and Technology 11, no. 02 (2026): 39-55.
Vancouver
Liyakat DKKS. IoT Antenna Design for Emerging Technologies: A Study. International Journal of Microwave Engineering and Technology. 2026;11(02):39-55.
BibTeX
@article{LiyakatDKKS2026,
author = {Dr. Kazi Kutubuddin Sayyad Liyakat},
title = {IoT Antenna Design for Emerging Technologies: A Study},
journal = {International Journal of Microwave Engineering and Technology},
year = {2026},
volume = {11},
number = {02},
pages = {39--55},
issn = {2455-0337},
url = {https://journalspub.com/publication/ijmet/article=22957}
}
Dr. Kazi Kutubuddin Sayyad Liyakat | International Journal of Microwave Engineering and Technology | Vol 11, Issue 02 | pp. 39-55 | ISSN: 2455-0337
Abstract
The relentless expansion of the Internet of Things (IoT) is fundamentally transforming industries and daily life, interlinking billions of diverse devices. At the heart of this revolution lies the antenna – the critical interface that enables wireless connectivity, yet often presents the most significant design challenge. This paper explores the intricate landscape of IoT antenna design, addressing the multi-faceted demands driven by device miniaturization, pervasive connectivity, energy efficiency, and cost-effectiveness. We delve into the unique constraints imposed by varied operating environments (e.g., wearables, smart homes, industrial sensors, autonomous vehicles) and diverse communication protocols (e.g., Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, LoRa, NB-IoT, 5G). Key design considerations, including impedance matching, radiation pattern optimization, multi-band capabilities, and integration with complex on-chip systems or compact device enclosures, are critically examined. The insights presented aim to guide engineers and researchers in developing robust, high-performance, and cost-effective antenna solutions crucial for unlocking the full potential of the interconnected IoT ecosystem.
IoT, Antenna, Form factor, Bandwidth, LoRa
🔒 This is a subscription article
Full text is available to subscribers and institutional members. Please choose an option below to access it.
1. Argonda UA. Review paper for design and simulation of a patch antenna by using HFSS. Int J Trends Sci Res Dev. 2018;2(2):158-60. 2. Shirdale Y, et al. Analysis and design of capacitive coupled wideband microstrip antenna in C and X band: A survey. J GSD-Int Soc Green Sustain Eng Manag. 2014;1(15):1-7. 3. Shirdale Y, et al. Coplanar capacitive coupled probe fed microstrip antenna for C and X band. Int J Adv Res Comput Commun Eng. 2016;5(4):661-3. 4. Kazi K. Lassar methodology for network intrusion detection. Sch Res J Humanit Sci Engl Lang. 2017;4(24):6853-61. 5. Halli UM. Nanotechnology in IoT security. J Nanosci Nanoeng Appl. 2022;12(3):11-6. 6. Mamdyal M, Sandupatia M, et al. GPS tracking system. Int J Adv Res Sci Commun Technol (IJARSCT). 2022;2(1):2492-529. Available from: https://ijarsct.co.in/A7317.pdf 7. Sultanabanu. Dispersion compensation in optical fiber: A review. J Telecommun Study. 2023;8(3):14-9. 8. Liyakat KKS. Nanotechnology in space study. Int J Appl Nanotechnol. 2024;10(2):39-46. 9. Liyakat S. Microwave communication in the Internet of Things: A study. J RF Microwave Commun Technol. 2024;:38-49. 10. Kosgiker GM. Satellite sensing for sea level monitoring: A transformative approach to understanding climate change. J Microwave Eng Technol. 2025;12(1):33-41. 11. Liyakat S. Transforming IoT connectivity through VLSI technology. Int J VLSI Circ Des Technol. 2024;2(2):1-11. 12. Liyakat S. The future is smelling: Exploring the potential of e-nose. J Semicond Devices Circuits. 2025;12(1):16-27. 13. Sultanabanu. Quantum key distribution in optical fiber communication: A study. Trends Opto-Electro Opt Commun. 2025;15(1):30-40. 14. Liyakat S. Multimedia technology in healthcare: A study. J Multimedia Technol Recent Adv. 2025;12(1):23-9. 15. Liyakat S. TensorFlow-based big data analytics for IoT networks: A study. Int J Data Struct Stud. 2025;3(1):32-40. 16. Liyakat S. e-Skin applications in healthcare and robotics: A study. J Adv Robot. 2025;12(1):13-21. 17. Liyakat KKS. Millimeter wave in Internet of Things connectivity: A study. Int J Wireless Secur Netw. 2025;3(1):13-23. 18. Liyakat KKS. VHDL programming for secure true random number generators in IoT security. Res Rev Electron Commun Eng. 2025;2(1):38-47. 19. Mulla NR, Liyakat KKS. IoT sensors to monitor pipeline pressure and flow rate combined with ML algorithms to detect leakages. Recent Trends Fluid Mech. 2025;12(2):40-8. 20. Shaik HR, Liyakat KKS. Juncture of nanotechnology and IoT: Novel era of connectivity. Nano Trends – J Nanotechnol Appl. 2025;27(3). 21. Liyakat S. KVS approach for IoT network security: A novel approach to IoT network security with B-cell inspired models. J Netw Secur. 2025;13(2):16-25. 22. Shaikh HT. The future of coastal resilience: Harnessing satellite technology. Adv Res Commun Eng Innov. 2025;:28-36. 23. Shaikh HT, Liyakat KKS. Sensor-based intelligent wearable glasses. J Digit Circuitry Innov Electr Devices. 2025;1(2):16-24. 24. Shaikh HT, Liyakat KKS. Millimetre wave: A study on the backbone of future IoT connectivity. Adv Res Analog Digit Commun. 2025;2(2):20-31. 25. Mulani AK. Microwave signals: A new frontier in non-invasive medical diagnostics: A study. J Microwave Eng Technol. 2025;12(3):27-41. 26. Mulani AK. Revolutionizing optical fibre field distribution with linear finite element method. Trends Opto-Electro Opt Commun. 2025;15(3):31-41. 27. Shaikh HT, Liyakat KKS. Robust access control mechanisms in IoT security using VHDL programming. J VLSI Des Signal Process. 2025;11(2):31-40. 28. Pawar RM, Kulkarni AB, Patu SG. Sensors and artificial intelligence based intelligent thermos. Recent Trends Sensor Res Technol. 2025;12(3):37-45. 29. Mulani AK. Optical fibre pressure sensor in medicine: A study. Recent Trends Sensor Res Technol. 2025;12(3):18-27
How to cite this article
APA
Liyakat, D. K. K. S. (2026). IoT Antenna Design for Emerging Technologies: A Study. International Journal of Microwave Engineering and Technology, 11(02), 39-55.
MLA
Liyakat, Dr. Kazi Kutubuddin Sayyad. “IoT Antenna Design for Emerging Technologies: A Study.” International Journal of Microwave Engineering and Technology, vol. 11, no. 02, 2026, pp. 39-55.
Chicago
Dr. Kazi Kutubuddin Sayyad Liyakat. “IoT Antenna Design for Emerging Technologies: A Study.” International Journal of Microwave Engineering and Technology 11, no. 02 (2026): 39-55.
Vancouver
Liyakat DKKS. IoT Antenna Design for Emerging Technologies: A Study. International Journal of Microwave Engineering and Technology. 2026;11(02):39-55.
BibTeX
@article{LiyakatDKKS2026,
author = {Dr. Kazi Kutubuddin Sayyad Liyakat},
title = {IoT Antenna Design for Emerging Technologies: A Study},
journal = {International Journal of Microwave Engineering and Technology},
year = {2026},
volume = {11},
number = {02},
pages = {39--55},
issn = {2455-0337},
url = {https://journalspub.com/publication/ijmet/article=22957}
}
