Role of Human Carboxylesterase’s in Xenobiotics Metabolism

Volume: 11 | Issue: 01 | Year 2025 | Subscription
International Journal of Chemical Engineering and Processing
Received Date: 11/12/2024
Acceptance Date: 02/03/2025
Published On: 2025-02-15
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By: Sakshi Chaudhary and Neetu Saharan

1. Sakshi Chaudhary, Assistant Professor , Department of Biotechnology, Dr. K.N.Modi Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Modinagar , Ghaziabad-201024, India
2. Neetu Saharan, Assistant Professor, Faculty of Life Sciences, Dr. K. N. Modi Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Modinagar , Ghaziabad-201024, India

Abstract

According to one definition, xenobiotics are alien compounds that interfere with an organism’s natural metabolism. Many xenobiotics can have a number of harmful effects if they don’t have metabolism. There are several phase 1 metabolizing enzymes of xenobiotics which have capability to detoxify the toxic compounds. Several important metabolic detoxication enzymes are presented, including the mammalian microsomal cytochrome Carboxylesterases. Mammalian carboxyleterases are key enzymes from the serine hydrolase enzyme. Carboxylesterases (CEs) are usually considered as a xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes that hydrolyze esterified xenobiotics into some products of alcohol and carboxylic acid. These proteins metabolize a large number of therapeutically useful medications, which affects how well medicinal treatments work. Xenobiotics are foreign compounds that can disrupt normal metabolic processes, necessitating their detoxification through enzymatic metabolism. Human carboxylesterases (CEs), a critical class of serine hydrolases, play a key role in the hydrolysis of esterified xenobiotics into alcohol and carboxylic acid derivatives, aiding in their elimination. These enzymes, predominantly expressed in the liver and gastrointestinal tract, contribute significantly to drug metabolism, influencing therapeutic efficacy and detoxification pathways. This review explores the structure, function, and biological significance of CEs, particularly CES1 and CES2, in xenobiotic metabolism. Their role in processing pharmaceutical agents, environmental pollutants, and endogenous substrates underscores their pharmacological importance. Furthermore, interindividual variations in CE activity affect drug bioavailability and toxicity, highlighting the need for further research into CE modulators and inhibitors. Understanding the metabolic role of CEs can enhance drug development strategies and improve therapeutic interventions for xenobiotic exposure.

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How to cite this article: Sakshi Chaudhary and Neetu Saharan, Role of Human Carboxylesterase’s in Xenobiotics Metabolism. International Journal of Chemical Engineering and Processing. 2025; 11(01): -p.

How to cite this URL: Sakshi Chaudhary and Neetu Saharan, Role of Human Carboxylesterase’s in Xenobiotics Metabolism. International Journal of Chemical Engineering and Processing. 2025; 11(01): -p. Available from:https://journalspub.com/publication/ijocep/article=15507

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