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By: Purva Taksalkar
Research Scholar, Department of Engineering, MIT University, Pune, India.
Abstract
Nonlinear finite element methods (NLFEM) have become indispensable for predicting structural failure in complex engineering systems, particularly where linear models fail to capture critical behaviors, such as large deformations, crack propagation, and post-buckling responses. This study investigates and compares several state-of-the-art NLFEM techniques – namely cohesive zone modeling (CZM), extended finite element method (XFEM), and phase-field fracture modelling – in the context of structural failure prediction. Three representative case studies are presented: (1) progressive collapse in a reinforced concrete frame, (2) interlaminar delamination in a composite laminate, and (3) post-buckling behavior in a thin-walled cylindrical shell. Quantitative results reveal that phase-field models achieved up to 18% higher crack path accuracy compared to XFEM in brittle fracture scenarios, while adaptive CZM implementations offered 25–30% reduction in computational time without compromising accuracy. The findings highlight the trade-offs between computational efficiency and damage resolution across different methods. Additionally, the study demonstrates that the choice of nonlinear modeling strategy significantly influences convergence behavior and mesh sensitivity, especially in high-gradient damage zones. By integrating comparative simulations and performance metrics, this work offers practical insights for selecting appropriate NLFEM techniques in structural mechanics applications involving failure analysis. The results provide a decision-making framework for researchers and engineers aiming to balance accuracy, robustness, and computational cost in advanced structural simulations.
Keywords: Nonlinear finite element method, structural failure prediction, constitutive modeling, damage and fracture mechanics, computational mechanics, data-driven simulation
Citation:
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