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806 articles for “TEM”
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Redevelopment of Mahakal Complex Ujjain
Abstract: This paper explores the religious significance and redevelopment of the Mahakal Complex in the holy city of Ujjain, Madhya Pradesh. The focus of the paper is to critically evaluate the Mahakal temple complexes construction and redevelopment, to determine the process of inclusion anddevelopment strategies for holistic development. This paper also addresses the influence of urban transformation on the city based on the land use land cover concept as well as …
Published in International Journal of Architectural Heritage · Vol. 6, Issue 1, 2023 · pp. 52–60 Read article
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Cryopreservation of Embryo
Abstract: Cryopreservation or cry conservation is a procedure where organelles, cells, tissues, extracellular matrix, organs or whatever other natural develops powerless to harm brought on by unregulated chemical kinetics are protected by cooling to low temperatures[1](typically - 80 °C utilizing strong carbon dioxide or - 196 °C utilizing fluid nitrogen). At sufficiently low temperatures, any enzymatic or chemical activities which may make harm the biological material being referred to be viably …
Published in International Journal of Animal Biotechnology and Applications · Vol. 2, Issue 2, 2016 · pp. 12–14 Read article
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Off Seasonal Tomato Production Practices in Nepal
Abstract: Solanaceous crop, tomato, a good source of minerals, vitamins and organic acids, is used as protective food and grown all over the world as annual plant. In Nepal, farmers are growing it mainly as offseason crop to earn good value even though risk is higher and are facing different problems. Different methods such as exploiting agro climatic diversity, generation of micro-climate, adaptation of grafted plants etc are in use. Use …
Published in International Journal of Agrochemistry · Vol. 5, Issue 2, 2019 · pp. 13–18 Read article
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Studies on Interaction of SDS with HPMC Using Central Composite Design
Abstract: The conductivity measurements were used to study the interaction between non-ionic biopolymers, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) and the anionic surfactant- sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) in aqueous solutions of different concentrations and at temperatures along with the use of Response Surface Methodology (RSM). Calculations were made of the free energies of aggregation ΔGagg, micellization (Gmic), and transfer (Gt), all of which are connected to the bonding interaction between the surfactant and …
Published in International Journal of Green Chemistry · Vol. 8, Issue 2, 2022 · pp. 20–33 Read article
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Fast pyrolysis of Kaner (Thevetia peruviana) Seed to Fuel and Chemicals
Abstract: Bio-energy is now considered as having the potential to provide the major part of the projected renewable energy provisions of the future. Currently non-edible seed biomass has been considered as one of the major bio energy resource. Among the different non-edible seeds such as Jatropha, Neem, Karanja, Safflower, Pomegranate, Cherry, Mahua, Cotton etc., Kaner (Thevetia Peruviana) seed plant is a very widely available even in the tropical climate. In this …
Published in International Journal of Analytical and Applied Chemistry · Vol. 1, Issue 1, 2015 · pp. 7–20 Read article
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Optimization of Reaction Parameters for the Production of Fatty Acids from Rice Bran Oil
Abstract: Fatty acids are usually produced industrially by the hydrolysis of triglycerides and glycerol as by product. In this reaction, 1 molecule of fat/oil will react with 3 molecules of water. The hydrolysis can be done by with and without catalyst. The catalyst process has some inherent problems. To get better quality of fatty acids and high yield the most of the industries preferring the hydrolysis without catalyst. The present study …
Published in International Journal of Chemical Separation Technology · Vol. 2, Issue 1, 2016 · pp. 1–4 Read article
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Rheological Study of Waste Polyethylene Terephthalate with Bitumen Mix in Pavement Construction
Abstract: Plastic bags which are composed of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is commonly used as for soft drink, water bottles and many other applications. However, disposal of this waste PET in large quantities constitutes an environmental problem, as it is considered as non-biodegradable materials. This study investigated rheological study of waste PET to be mixed with bitumen use as a raw material for pavement construction. The effect of temperature was varied from …
Published in International Journal of Chemical Separation Technology · Vol. 4, Issue 1, 2018 · pp. 36–48 Read article
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Production of Waste Animal Bone as a Heterogeneous Solid Base Catalyst for Transesterification of Jatropha Oil
Abstract: Heterogeneous catalyst plays a vital role in transesterification process, especially in view of cost and reusability. In this study, heterogeneous solid base catalyst was prepared by impregnating the waste animal bone with different weight percent (wt%) KOH solution followed by drying and calcination at 900 °C for 3 hr. Having screened the catalytic performance and basicity of animal bone loaded with different K-compounds, 12 wt% KOH loaded on animal bone …
Published in International Journal of Chemical Separation Technology · Vol. 5, Issue 1, 2019 · pp. 28–48 Read article
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Catalytic hydrogenation of dimethyl-nitrobenzene to dimethyl-aniline over Ni catalysts
Abstract: The catalytic transfer hydrogenation of dimethyl-nitrobenzene (DN) to Dimethyl-aniline (DA) was studied in the temperature range 343–403 , pressure range of 4–10 bar H2 and ethanol as solvent using Ni on alumina-silicate as catalyst above agitation speed 800 rpm. The substrate feed concentration was varied in the range from 0.124 to 0.745 kmol/m3 while catalyst loading was in the range 4–12% (w/w) of dimethyl-nitrobenzene. Dimethyl-aniline was the only reaction product, …
Published in International Journal of Chemical Engineering and Processing · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2017 · pp. 19–29 Read article
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Influences of Layered Silicate Modification and Compatibilizers on the Properties of Polypropylene Nanocomposites
Abstract: In this study, polypropylene (PP) organo-layered silicate nanocomposites based on organo-muscovite (OM) were fabricated using co-rotating twin-screw extruder. Polypropylene grafted maleic anhydride (PPMA) and potassium succinate modified polypropylene grafted maleic anhydride (PPKS) were used as a compatibilizer in the nanocomposite system. The influences of layered silicate modification and compatibilizers on the morphological, mechanical, thermal and rheological features of PP/PPMA/OM and PP/PPKS/OM nanocomposites were examined. TEM micrographs were made which showed …
Published in International Journal of Chemical Engineering and Processing · Vol. 7, Issue 1, 2021 · pp. 36–44 Read article
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Simulation of Biomethane Steam Reforming Plant for Hydrogen Production using Aspen Hysys
Abstract: Aspen Hysys simulation of a process plant for hydrogen production from biomethane through steam reforming process was considered in this work. Models for reactor designs were developed using the principles of conservation of mass and energy. The kinetic model for the biomethane steam reforming process was developed from first principle using the Eley-Rideal mechanistic approach. Computer software (Aspen Hysys) was adopted for the design and for the simulation of the …
Published in International Journal of Chemical Engineering and Processing · Vol. 7, Issue 2, 2021 · pp. 10–20 Read article
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Hydrothermal Gasification of Selected Foods for Sustainable Energy Generation using aspen plus
Abstract: Fossil fuels are becoming scarce and depleting at an alarming rate. To address the ever- increasing energy demand and the worrying deterioration of the climatic condition, researchers are obligated to pursue alternate feedstock for sustainable energy generation that promotes carbon neutrality. The search leads to lignocellulosic materials like unprocessed food wastes. These are sizing quantities of agro-waste that seem promising for the production of bioenergy, especially in tropical and subtropical …
Published in International Journal of Environmental Chemistry · Vol. 9, Issue 1, 2023 Read article
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Preparation and Characterization of Ce-Si-SBA-15 Modified With Iron
Abstract: Recently environmental concerns have driven the development of specialized catalysts to prevent polluting substances from being released into the environment. New technologies have improvised our understanding of catalytic functions as well as selectivity in order to save the energy and chemicals. Today, catalysis is the workhorse in the chemical industry with approximately >90% of the products produced in catalytic processes. In addition, life cannot exist without catalysis, as virtually all …
Published in International Journal of Chemical Synthesis and Chemical Reactions · Vol. 2, Issue 1, 2016 Read article
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Synthesis of Various Products from Different Feed Stocks–an Insight Into Application of Biotechnology
Abstract: Synthesis of various products in energy efficient manner with minimum environmental foot print is important area of research in chemical engineering. Chemical pathways are energy intensive and many of the reactions are high temperature reactions. Many compounds like ethanol, amino acids, and acetic acids can be synthesized by biological methods. Biochemical reactions are low temperature reactions under mild conditions. Use of waste material as feedstock for production of useful compounds …
Published in International Journal of Chemical Synthesis and Chemical Reactions · Vol. 7, Issue 2, 2021 · pp. 18–21 Read article
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Energy Conservation with use of Cool Roof Coatings
Abstract: Regions with hot and dry climate often experience very high levels of solar radiation, high ambient temperatures and relatively low specific humidity. The roofs of buildings in such areas are always exposed to Sun for long duration during the daytime. Solar radiation is responsible for heat transfer through the building roof. Actually, Solar radiation heat the roof which in turn reradiates the heat onto the ceiling and finally on to …
Published in International Journal of Renewable Energy and its Commercialization · Vol. 2, Issue 2, 2016 · pp. 1–13 Read article
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Thermodynamic Equilibrium Modeling of Sunflower Husk Gasifier to Produce Synthesis Gas
Abstract: Energy from biomass offers the great attraction in producing useful gaseous component resulting in low emissions and providing energy security. In the present study a gasifier model was developed using commercial Aspen Plus simulator. The model developed was based on the minimization of Gibb’s free energy and is validated with the experimental data of sunflower husk gasification using air as a gasifying agent. The results predicted are in good agreement …
Published in International Journal of Renewable Energy and its Commercialization · Vol. 2, Issue 2, 2016 · pp. 14–24 Read article
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Review on the Effect of Climate Change on Crop Yield
Abstract: Climate change is a universal encounter having a substantial probable to modify crop yields global. Thus, the purpose of crop yield is important in the prospect of food security for agro-economic regions. Therefore, this reviews focus on the effect of climate change on crop yield. Changes in annual rainfall, average temperatures, global increase of atmospheric CO2 and fluctuation in sea levels can reduce crop yield. The climate changes affect the …
Published in International Journal of Renewable Energy and its Commercialization · Vol. 7, Issue 1, 2021 · pp. 35–45 Read article
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Investigation of Mild Steel Corrosion by Clay Soil Environment
Abstract: This research work was carried out to observe the microbiologically induced corrosion in relation to mild steel of clay soil environments. We analyzed the physicochemical parameters and ascertained their biological features and impacts in the soil environment. In course of this research work, clay soil samples were collected in exactly four different locations at 100 m to 200 m and mixed together to form a single sample (sample D). The …
Published in International journal of Thermodynamics and Chemical Kinetics · Vol. 8, Issue 2, 2022 · pp. 54–63 Read article
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Effect of Benzene Ring on Thermodynamic Parameters of Three Mono Azo Disperse Dyes on Nylon Fabric (Sudan I, Ii And Iv)
Abstract: In this study, three dyes - Sudan I, Sudan II, and Sudan IV - were tested for their performance on nylon fabric at different temperatures (50oC, 70oC, and 100oC). The thermodynamic properties of the dyes, including the partition coefficient (K), percentage dye exhaustion (%E), standard enthalpy change, standard affinity change, and standard change in entropy, were examined. The findings showed that the values of the thermodynamic parameters for the dyes …
Published in International journal of Thermodynamics and Chemical Kinetics · Vol. 9, Issue 1, 2023 · pp. 01–06 Read article
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Durability Studies on Red mud and GGBS based Geopolymer Concrete
Abstract: The aim of the study is to evaluate the performance of geopolymer concrete and conventional concrete. In the present work, two Industrial by-products such as Red Mud and ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) of 25:75 proportion is used for geopolymerisation. Red mud is a by-product from Alumina industry. GGBS is a by-product from iron industry. To develop a bond between binder and aggregates to form a geopolymer concrete feldspar …
Published in International Journal of Geological and Geotechnical Engineering · Vol. 5, Issue 1, 2019 · pp. 9–17 Read article