Search
956 articles for “additives”
-
General and Organic Chemistry Laboratory Experiments for Science, Pre-medical, and Pharmacy students Chapter II: Glassware, Tools and Equipments
Abstract: A scientific chemistry laboratory plays a vital role in education, research, healthcare, and industrial applications by providing a controlled environment for conducting chemical experiments and analyses. An efficient laboratory must be designed according to established safety and operational standards, ensuring that every component, including glassware, tools, instruments, laboratory equipment, storage facilities, and instructional resources, is readily available and properly maintained. The absence or shortage of essential laboratory materials can hinder …
Published in International Journal of Environmental Chemistry · Vol. 12, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 1–15 Read article
-
Securing Smart Electrical Systems through Comparative Analysis of Machine Learning Models for Classification
Abstract: In the realm of cybersecurity, the intersection of technology and security measures has spurred significant advancements, particularly in safeguarding electrical systems against cyber threats. This research delves into the evolving landscape of cybersecurity within electrical systems, leveraging machine learning techniques to mitigate challenges. By incorporating cybersecurity protocols with machine learning algorithms, this study demonstrates enhanced security measures tailored for electrical infrastructures, pivotal in ensuring efficiency and resilience. Through meticulous examination, …
Published in International Journal of Electrical Power System and Technology · Vol. 12, Issue 2, 2026 Read article
-
Operational-Amplifier-Based Realization of a 1-BitArithmetic Logic Unit: Design, Implementation, and Experimental Validation
Abstract: This work presents the design, construction, and experimental evaluation of a 1-bit Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) implemented entirely with operational amplifiers (op-amps), using only LM324 devices, passive components, and a dual-polarity ±12 V supply on a breadboard prototype. The ALU per- forms eight fundamental arithmetic and logic operations, addition, subtraction, AND, OR, NOT, NAND, NOR, and XOR, by combining op-amp comparator-mode logic gates with op-amp-based summing and difference amplifiers for …
Published in International Journal of Analog Integrated Circuits · Vol. 12, Issue 2, 2026 Read article
-
An Extensive Analysis of QC's Difficulties & Restrictions
Abstract: QC constitutes a fundamental shift in computational paradigms by exploiting quantum mechanical phenomena namely superposition, entanglement, and interference to achieve computational advantages over classical systems for specific problem domains. Despite significant theoretical progress, the realization of large-scale, fault-tolerant quantum computers remains impeded by a range of intrinsic and technological constraints. This paper offers a thorough & critical analysis of the principal challenges associated with QC, with a focus on de- …
Published in International Journal of Analog Integrated Circuits · Vol. 12, Issue 2, 2026 Read article
-
Bluetooth Controlled Car
Abstract: The design and execution of a wireless remote-controlled vehicle that employs Bluetooth technology, generally paired with an Arduino microcontroller, is the focus of this project. The primary aim is to develop a cost-efficient, easily accessible, and user-friendly prototype car, which can be accurately maneuvered in various directions (forward, backward, left, and right) through commands dispatched from a Bluetooth-enabled smart device, such as a smartphone or tablet. In this endeavor, an …
Published in International Journal of Embedded Systems and Emerging Technologies · Vol. 12, Issue 2, 2026 Read article
-
Smart Voting System using Biometrics
Abstract: Election integrity and openness are essential components of democratic governance. Voter impersonation, duplicate voting, and the absence of real-time verification are common problems with traditional voting systems, including paper-based and electronic voting machines. This paper proposes a secure and efficient Biometric Voting System that leverages biometric authentication techniques, such as fingerprint or iris recognition, to ensure the uniqueness and authenticity of each voter. The system integrates a centralized database containing …
Published in International Journal of Embedded Systems and Emerging Technologies · Vol. 12, Issue 2, 2026 Read article
-
Entropy-Based Damage Accumulation in Tribological Systems: A Comprehensive Review
Abstract: This paper reviews classical wear models and entropy-based degradation approaches used for predicting failure in tribological systems. Various wear models, thermodynamic frameworks, and applications of the Degradation Entropy Generation (DEG) theorem are discussed. Friction, which is the primary source of heat generation in tribological contacts, is responsible for material degradation through a variety of irreversible processes. While classical wear approaches have been widely used for wear prediction and life estimation, …
Published in International Journal of Mechanics and Design · Vol. 12, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 1–12 Read article
-
AI-Based Image Detection of Rice Crop Diseases Using Deep Learning and Grad-CAM
Abstract: The Indian economy relies heavily on agriculture, and rice is one of the most significant staple crops grown in the country. Nevertheless, rice cultivation faces numerous challenges due to several leaf diseases, such as bacterial leaf blight, brown spot, and leaf smut. These diseases can lead to substantial yield losses and financial burdens for farmers. Therefore, the early detection and classification of these diseases are essential to minimize crop damage …
Published in International Journal of Plant Biotechnology · Vol. 12, Issue 2, 2026 Read article
-
Automated Vehicle classification and counting for Smart City Traffic management using AI/ML and DL
Abstract: Traffic jams and safety on the road have become a serious problem in modern cities. They need smart and versatile solutions. This project is a proposal to use automated vehicles to count and classify real- time vehicles. The system will enhance the traffic monitoring and management in smart cities. It can identify and differentiate the various kinds of vehicles: cars, trucks, buses, and motorcycles by utilizing machine learning on real-time …
Published in International Journal of Transportation Engineering and Traffic System · Vol. 12, Issue 1, 2026 Read article
-
Remote Sensing Technologies for Weather Forecasting: Techniques, Uses, andAssessment
Abstract: Remote sensing has become an important tool for modern weather forecasting since it lets us see the Earth's atmosphere and surface all the time and on a huge scale. Remote sensing uses satellites and sensors to collect data in real time on important weather variables like temperature, humidity, cloud cover, precipitation patterns, and atmospheric motion. These numbers are used in numerical weather prediction models to make forecasts more accurate and …
Published in International Journal of Microwave Engineering and Technology · Vol. 12, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 25–34 Read article
-
Establishment of a Sensitive LC-MS Method for Pharmacokinetic Evaluation of Decitabine and Cedazuridie in Rat Plasma
Abstract: Abstract A simple, rapid, and highly sensitive liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS) method was successfully developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of Decitabine and Cedazuridine in plasma matrices. The method demonstrated excellent linearity across the selected calibration range, with correlation coefficients (R²) consistently exceeding 0.999 for both analytes, indicating strong analytical performance. Method validation was carried out in accordance with ICH Q2(R2) and US FDA bioanalytical method validation guidelines, ensuring …
Published in International Journal of Green Chemistry · Vol. 12, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 34–42 Read article
-
Evaluation of Kinetic Parameters of Crude Oil Remediation Using Bio-Stimuant of Mint Leaf (Mentha piperita)
Abstract: Kinetic parameters of crude oil degradation as related to total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) were evaluated. The experiment was set-up using crude oil, loamy soil polluted and addition of bio-stimulant (nutrient based substance). The depletion of the pollutant was monitored within the contact time of 7 to 35 days. At intervals of 7 days samples were collected and analyzed to determine the TPH concentration at each bioreactor set-up, through subjecting the …
Published in International Journal of Chemical Engineering and Processing · Vol. 12, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 62–71 Read article
-
The Effect of Stand-off Distance and Blast Yield OverStructure in Blast Test
Abstract: AbstractExplosive loads have garnered a lot of attention lately because of numerous unintentional and deliberateoccurrences that have affected important structures all over the world. As a result, there has been a lot ofresearch in this area over the last ten years. Although most of the early studies were empirical, morerecent studies have progressed into thorough and organized studies that focus on understanding thebehavior of structures subjected to blast loading conditions. …
Published in International Journal of Structural Engineering and Analysis · Vol. 12, Issue 1, 2026 Read article
-
BIOPLASTICS AS AN RENEWABLE SOURCE FOR PACKAGING
Abstract: The packaging industry is undergoing a major transformation as the focus shifts toward sustainability and eco-friendly materials. Bioplastics have emerged as a promising alternative to conventional plastics, offering both functional and environmental benefits, especially in the food and pharmaceutical sectors. This analysis highlights the impact of bioplastics on packaging, emphasizing their improved properties, sustainability, and compliance with strict standards. Bioplastics enhance barrier performance, helping extend the shelf life of pharmaceutical …
Published in International Journal of Polymer Science and Engineering · Vol. 12, Issue 1, 2026 Read article
-
Chemical Synthesis Strategies and Reaction Mechanisms in Self-Healing Polymeric Materials: A Comprehensive Review
Abstract: Self-healing polymeric materials are one of the most rapidly growing and technologically transformative classes of smart polymeric materials. Such materials offer the ability to autonomously repair damage and retain & restore functional performance. This capability is very important for polymers, which undergo mechanical failure, micro- cracking, delamination, photo-oxidation, or thermal degradation during service environments. The last decade has been remarkable for developments in self-healing polymers, ranging from extrinsic capsule-based approaches …
Published in International Journal of Chemical Synthesis and Chemical Reactions · Vol. 12, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 26–34 Read article
-
Third Generation Biofuel as Alternative Fuel for Compression Ignition Engine
Abstract: In recent years, many researchers have tested compression ignition engines with the goal of creating a diesel fuel alternative. This was also published in literature. The limited supply and increased cost of petroleum products are two main reasons for the search for alternate feedstocks for biodiesel. This paper reviews the potential of alternative biodiesel feedstocks to replace petroleum diesel, specifically focusing on algae biodiesel and the process for producing biodiesel. …
Published in International Journal of I.C. Engines and Gas Turbines · Vol. 12, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 10–15 Read article
-
Optimizing Internal Combustion Engine Performance and Fleet Fuel Economy through Machine Learning and AI using Big Data Analytics
Abstract: This paper presents a software-defined operational intelligence approach for optimizing internal combustion engine performance and fleet fuel economy using Big Data Analytics combined with Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence. Real-world vehicle data is transformed into engineered features and virtual sensing outputs to estimate fuel consumption, driver behaviour, and component health without additional hardware. The proposed system integrates fuel optimization, predictive maintenance, driver assistance, and sustainability assessment into a unified one-stop …
Published in International Journal of I.C. Engines and Gas Turbines · Vol. 12, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 35–51 Read article
-
A Review on Hybrid Honeycomb Engine Mounts for Vibration Isolation in Variable Compression Ratio Engines
Abstract: The increasing sophistication of modern engine systems has highlighted the importance of advanced vibration control methods. Engines today are required to function under continuously changing operating conditions, particularly in Variable Compression Ratio (VCR) systems, where vibration behavior becomes highly complex, non-linear, and dependent on time. Under such circumstances, conventional engine mounts often struggle to deliver stable and consistent performance. In contrast, hybrid honeycomb structures offer significant advantages due to their …
Published in International Journal of I.C. Engines and Gas Turbines · Vol. 12, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 29–34 Read article
-
Green and Nanotechnology Approaches for the Determination of Tungsten (VI): A Modern Analytical Perspective
Abstract: The determination of tungsten (VI) has gained increasing importance due to its extensive industrial applications and growing environmental relevance. Tungsten is widely used in alloys, catalysts, electronics, and energy systems, leading to its release into environmental matrices such as water, soil, and biological systems. Accurate monitoring of tungsten at trace and ultra-trace levels is therefore essential for environmental assessment and industrial quality control. Conventional analytical techniques, including inductively coupled plasma …
Published in International Journal of Analytical and Applied Chemistry · Vol. 12, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 26–35 Read article
-
Advances in Applied Chemistry: From Electrochemical Biosensors and Gas Sensing to Sustainable Remediation and Nanofluid Engineering
Abstract: Applied chemistry acts as a crucial link between fundamental molecular science and practical technological innovation. It transforms theoretical knowledge into real-world applications that address challenges in healthcare, environment, and industry. This review highlights recent advancements in electrochemical biosensors, which offer rapid and sensitive diagnostic capabilities, along with modern gas detection technologies designed for improved safety and environmental monitoring. Significant attention is given to environmental remediation, particularly the use of activated …
Published in International Journal of Analytical and Applied Chemistry · Vol. 12, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 20–25 Read article