Search
595 articles for “influences”
-
Aromaticity-Guided Synthesis and Reactivity of Heterocyclic Compounds: Structural Insights and Applications
Abstract: The concept of aromaticity serves as a fundamental framework for understanding the structural and electronic characteristics of heterocyclic compounds, which play a crucial role in modern synthetic chemistry. Aromatic compounds, characterized by cyclic planar systems with delocalized π-electrons, follow the Hückel rule, conferring significant stability to heterocyclic structures. The incorporation of heteroatoms, such as nitrogen, oxygen, and sulphur, within these rings profoundly influences electron distribution, molecular reactivity, and synthetic pathways. …
Published in International Journal of Chemical Synthesis and Chemical Reactions · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 1–7 Read article
-
Environmental Impact of Waste Plastics and the Use of Waste Plastic-Derived Oil in Diesel Engines: A Literature Review
Abstract: Abstract Plastic pollution has become a major global environmental issue, affecting land, water, and living organisms. This review summarizes current research on how waste plastics enter the environment, how they move and break down, and the effects they create in ecosystems and on human health. Special attention is given to the growing problem of microplastics, which continue to accumulate in soil, freshwater bodies, and oceans. The review also discusses recent …
Published in International Journal of I.C. Engines and Gas Turbines · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 11–17 Read article
-
Review On Bipolar Plate Geometric Design and Materials for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Applications
Abstract: Abstract Bipolar plates (BPs) are vital components in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs), performing multiple essential functions that directly influence system efficiency, durability, and overall operational performance. They ensure uniform distribution of reactant gases across the active area, provide electrical conductivity between adjacent cells, assist in effective thermal management by dissipating heat generated during electrochemical reactions, and maintain proper sealing to prevent leakage of gases and coolant. Among these …
Published in International Journal of I.C. Engines and Gas Turbines · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 40–56 Read article
-
Effect of Al2O3 and CeO2 Nanocatalysts on Biodiesel Yield from Pine and Soapnut Oils
Abstract: Abstract This study examines the influence of aluminium oxide (Al2O3) and cerium oxide (CeO2) nanocatalysts on the biodiesel yield obtained from two non-edible oils: pine oil and soapnut oil. Both oils were extracted through mechanical pressing and converted into biodiesel using the transesterification process. To understand how different process conditions, affect biodiesel production, a Box–Behnken Design (BBD) was used. Three key variables—methanol-to-oil ratio, catalyst concentration, and reaction temperature—were analyzed to …
Published in International Journal of I.C. Engines and Gas Turbines · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 1–10 Read article
-
Performance Evaluation of 45kW Low Temperature Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell System Using Simulation Techniques
Abstract: AbstractThe Low-Temperature Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (LT-PEMFC) has gained prominence as a promising solution for clean and efficient energy generation, particularly in the automotive industry, where stringent emission norms and sustainability goals are driving innovation. LT-PEMFC systems offer several inherent advantages, including high energy conversion efficiency, low operational temperature, rapid start-up capability, and compatibility with hydrogen as a renewable fuel source. These characteristics make them attractive for commercial vehicle …
Published in International Journal of I.C. Engines and Gas Turbines · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 25–39 Read article
-
Aluminum Alloy as Sacrificial Anode for Corrosion Protection: A Review
Abstract: Aluminum sacrificial anodes are widely used for cathodic protection in marine, offshore, and energy applications due to their light weight, high current efficiency, and favorable electrochemical potential. Pure aluminum, however, rapidly passivates in seawater, reducing protective performance. Alloying with elements, such as zinc, indium, gallium, tin, and bismuth, improves activation, ensures uniform dissolution, and stabilizes long-term behavior. This review examines the influence of alloying elements on electrochemical performance, microstructure, and …
Published in International Journal of Metallurgy and Alloys · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 1–13 Read article
-
Numerical Investigation of Hybrid Composite Armors: Cost-Effective Solutions for Ballistic ProtectionUsing ANSYS
Abstract: This study presents a detailed numerical investigation of hybrid composite armors as a cost-effective and lightweight solution for ballistic protection. With increasing the demand of protective systems that ensure high mobility with light weight and cost-effective armor without compromising safety. Traditional steel armor has already proven to be a reliable protection system but the main problem is its mobility. To address this issue, the work focuses on composite material as …
Published in International Journal of Structural Mechanics and Finite Elements · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 1–11 Read article
-
Investigation of Thermo-Acoustic Properties of Ethanol-Cyclohexane Binary Mixture
Abstract: The density, viscosity, and speed of sound for ethanol-cyclohexane binary mixtures were determined across mole fractions ranging from 0.1 to 0.9 using an Anton Paar DSA 5000 M within the temperature span of 288.15–318.15 K. From these experimental measurements, several thermodynamic and acoustic properties, such as isentropic compressibility, relative association, free volume, relaxation time, Gibbs free energy of activation, internal pressure, and solubility parameter, were derived. These parameters serve as …
Published in International journal of Thermodynamics and Chemical Kinetics · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 1–14 Read article
-
Laboratory Scale Study on Fly Ash Replacement to Cement in High-Strength Concrete
Abstract: Abstract Concrete, the cornerstone of modern infrastructure, faces increasing environmental impact of cement production calls for sustainable alternatives in construction materials. Primarily due to the high carbon footprint associated with Portland cement production. This review synthesizes existing research and the findings from an experimental study investigating the partial replacement of Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) with fly ash in high-strength concrete (HSC) of grade M60. The study specifically examines a 50% …
Published in International Journal of Concrete Technology · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 22–30 Read article
-
Optimization of Wear Parameters for Medical ImplantApplications
Abstract: The purpose of the present research is to check the capability of SS 304 for the application of medicalimplants and describe the influence of sandblasting process, applied load, frequency, and slidingdistance on the coefficient of friction of SS 304. In this research, attempts have been made to study thewear behavior of SS 304 under various conditions. In the tribology lab, a wear test was carried out inaccordance with the scheme …
Published in International Journal of Composite Materials and Matrices · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 1–10 Read article
-
Mathematical Modeling of Mass Transfer of Heavy Metals from the Diffusion of Condemned Oil in Soil Environment
Abstract: The diffusion and reaction kinetics of heavy metals in soil are critical factors influencing pollutant migration and environmental remediation strategies. Understanding the diffusion and reaction kinetics of heavy metals in soils is crucial for assessing environmental contamination and designing effective remediation strategies. This study investigated the diffusion behavior of heavy metals in soil media under varying thermal and physical conditions, employing a first- order reaction model based on Fick’s second …
Published in International Journal of Analytical and Applied Chemistry · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2025 Read article
-
Nanotechnology Across Scales: Scientific Fundamentals,Industrial Innovation, and Ethical Concerns
Abstract: Nanotechnology, the manipulation and application of materials at the nanoscale (1–100 nanometers), hastransformed several scientific and industrial fields. This article examines nanotechnology’s “length” – itshistory, progress, and future – and “breadth” – its many applications and interdisciplinary reach.Nanotechnology drives groundbreaking innovation across diverse domains, such as medicine, electronics,energy, and environmental science, rooted in the principles of quantum physics and advanced materialsscience. This essay delves into not only the technological advancements …
Published in International journal of Nanobiotechnology · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2025 Read article
-
Dynamics Behaviour of Clamped-Clamped Non-Uniform Elastic Beam on Two Parameters Foundation Under Concentrated Moving Load
Abstract: This paper presents a computational study on the dynamic response of a clamped–clamped non-uniform elastic beam supported by a two-parameter foundation and subjected to a concentrated moving load. The analysis incorporates the inertial contribution of the moving load. Unlike uniform models, both the mass per unit length and the moment of inertia of the beam are assumed to vary along the span LLL. The governing equations are solved using the …
Published in International Journal of Mechanics and Design · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 1–18 Read article
-
Self-healing Polymer Nanocomposites study using filler effect
Abstract: Polymers, while versatile, often lack the desired mechanical strength, thermal stability, or barrier properties for high-performance applications. This limitation is elegantly addressed by creating polymer nanocomposites. These materials are formed by incorporating small amounts (typically 1-5 wt%) of nanoscale fillers (e.g., carbon nanotubes, graphene, silica, clay, metal oxide nanoparticles) into a polymer matrix. The magic of nanocomposites lies in the incredibly high surface area-to-volume ratio of the nanoparticles and their …
Published in International Journal of Nanomaterials and Nanostructures · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2025 Read article
-
Thermoacoustic Properties of Ethanol-n-Hexane and 1-Propanol-n-Hexane Binary Mixtures: A Comparative Study at 298.15 K
Abstract: Using an Anton Paar DSA 5000 M instrument, measurements of density, sound velocity, and viscosity were carried out for ethanol–n-hexane and 1-propanol–n-hexane binary mixtures across mole fractions ranging from 0.1 to 0.9 at a constant temperature of 298.15 K. These binary mixtures were specifically selected to investigate the behavior of polar–nonpolar molecular interactions and how they affect the thermophysical properties of the system. The density, sound velocity, and viscosity data …
Published in International journal of Thermodynamics and Chemical Kinetics · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 1–8 Read article
-
Unity in Diversity: How Constituents Create Better Composites
Abstract: Composite materials have changed modern engineering by combining the bestqualities of their individual parts to make something stronger, lighter, and moredurable than any one part could be on its own. This paper examines the notionof "unity in diversity" concerning composite materials, highlighting how theamalgamation of distinct constituent phases—usually a matrix and areinforcement—yields synergistic qualities that single-phase materials cannotachieve. The matrix holds the reinforcement in place and protects it, while thereinforcement …
Published in International Journal of Composite and Constituent Materials · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2025 Read article
-
Revolutionizing Glass Science: Analyzing the Crystallization Dynamics of Economical Glass-Ceramic Compositions
Abstract: The development of glass-ceramics presents an innovative approach to material science, leveraging the unique properties of non-crystalline glass combined with controlled crystallization. This study investigates the crystallization dynamics of economical glass-ceramic compositions derived from raw materials, such as blast furnace slag and granite rock. We explore the fabrication processes, examining the influence of these raw materials on microstructural interlocking and phase composition. Our findings reveal that specific ratios of slag …
Published in International Journal of Chemical Synthesis and Chemical Reactions · Vol. 10, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 9–15 Read article
-
Microstructure and Mechanical Behavior of Microalloyed Forging Steels
Abstract: The microalloyed (MA) forging steels have been developed over the past several decades and they are gradually employed in the high-performance applications in many structural, automotive, and numerous engineering applications. The principle of microalloying contents in the Fe–C alloy system, thereby preferably combined with different mechanical, heat treatment, and microalloying solubility control the precipitation behaviors that lead to enormous opportunities to develop a new generation of high strength low alloy …
Published in International Journal of Metallurgy and Alloys · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 1–14 Read article
-
Egg Size Dynamics in Laying Hens: Implications for Physiological, Nutritional, and Managemental Interventions
Abstract: This review explores the factors influencing egg size variability in laying hens, emphasizing the intricate interplay between physiological, nutritional, and management aspects. Egg size is a crucial trait affecting both production efficiency and market value in poultry farming. The review discusses how genetic predispositions and physiological traits, such as the age of the hen and body condition, contribute to egg size. Additionally, nutritional factors, including protein content, energy levels, and …
Published in International Journal of Animal Biotechnology and Applications · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 1–19 Read article
-
Topical Application of Grape Seed Oil and Linalool, and Treating the Mulberry Leaves with Aqueous Solution of Drakshsava Before Feeding the Fifth Instars of Silkworm, Bombyx mori (L), for Qualitative Silk Cocoons.
Abstract: Nutrition quality and health of larval-instars exert influence on silk-yield-quality. Ten microliters of Acetone- solutions of Grape-Seed-Oil (10 ml Grape-Seed-Oil dissolved in 90 ml acetone) and acetone solutions of Linalool (100 ppm) were used separately in present attempt for the topical application to the fifth instar larval stages of silkworm, Bombyx mori (L). Group of larvae fed Mulberry-leaves treated with aqueous solution Drakshasav; group of larvae topically applied with acetone …
Published in International Journal of Analytical and Applied Chemistry · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 30–40 Read article