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192 articles for “COD”
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Basic Electrical Power System Design Calculations of a Housing Unit
Abstract: Electricity is a necessity in human's daily activity. From simplest household to the more elaborate dwellings. Electricity is a basic need for human comfort. Basically, the electric circuitry in a house or building comprises the branch circuits, the feeders and the main. The National Electrical Code provides that the branch circuit that supplies current to lighting and convenience outlets shall be of ample size and rating to carry the ·expected …
Published in International Journal of Analog Integrated Circuits · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2017 · pp. 20–24 Read article
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Design of reliable electronic door lock system on PCB using Ki-CAD
Abstract: This paper deals with the design of a PCB based electronic door lock system. An electronicdoor locking system is one which uses passwords, RFID tags and readers, fingerprints, etc.instead of the traditional key system. In my project, I made use of a numeric cipher to unlocka door. The door can be unlocked only by the people who are aware of the code. Thisincreases the security and safety by preventing unauthorized …
Published in International Journal of Microelectronics and Digital integrated circuits · Vol. 6, Issue 1, 2020 · pp. 34–39 Read article
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OFDM Technique for Efficient Image Transmission over Fading Channels for Different Modulation Schemes
Abstract: We propose an OFDM coding scheme for image transmission over wireless fading channels in this paper. OFDM is a digital data modulation technique that splits a single data stream into numerous sub-streams for transmission over multiple channels. We examine the MSE vs SNR of OFDM signals in multipath slowly fading channels in detail. The proposed system uses a rate control algorithm for image coding and an adaptive modulation OFDM system …
Published in International Journal of Microwave Engineering and Technology · Vol. 8, Issue 1, 2022 · pp. 8–13 Read article
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Hybrid Evolutionary Algorithm for Automated Test Case Generation in Large-Scale Software Systems
Abstract: Automated test case generation is a crucial activity for ensuring the reliability, robustness, and quality of large-scale software systems. Conventional test generation techniques often face significant challenges in handling scalability, achieving high code coverage, and adapting to complex and heterogeneous software architectures. Evolutionary algorithms have emerged as effective solutions, capable of exploring large search spaces and generating test suites with improved coverage and fault detection capabilities. However, individual evolutionary strategies, …
Published in International Journal of Software Computing and Testing · Vol. 12, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 15–21 Read article
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Assessing the Role of Building Materials in Achieving Carbon Neutrality in the Indian Building Industry
Abstract: Abstract Since the building sector contributes significantly to greenhouse gas emissions, it is imperative that the sector become carbon neutral to meet India’s climate goals. Building materials play a significant role in the carbon footprint of buildings, from their embodied carbon emissions during production to their operational carbon emissions during use. Building materials play a critical role in achieving carbon neutrality in the Indian building industry. The embodied carbon emissions …
Published in International Journal of Sustainable Building Technology · Vol. 8, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 45–54 Read article
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Legal Frameworks for Climate-Resilient Housing: Global and National Perspectives
Abstract: Climate change poses a significant threat to housing infrastructure worldwide, necessitating the implementation of legal frameworks that promote climate-resilient housing. This study explores global and national perspectives on legal mechanisms designed to ensure housing durability against extreme weather events, rising sea levels, and other climate-related risks. At the global level, international agreements, such as the Paris Agreement, the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction, and the UN Sustainable Development Goals …
Published in International Journal of Housing and Human Settlement Planning · Vol. 11, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 20–27 Read article
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Serverless Computing: The Evolution of Cloud Infrastructure
Abstract: A form of cloud computing known as serverless computing has brought about a change in the way cloud development and deployment are carried out. An era that is now known as “post-container” has been brought about because of a new idea that has developed from cloud computing. Software developers can devote their attention to building code and business logic rather than managing infrastructure when they use serverless computing. Serverless computing …
Published in International Journal of Distributed Computing and Technology · Vol. 10, Issue 2, 2024 · pp. 48–60 Read article
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Physico-Chemical Analysis of Oji-River in Enugu State,Nigeria to Ascertain its Pollution Level
Abstract: Physico-chemical investigations were carried out on Oji-river using standard methods to ascertain thelevel and sources of pollution. The distribution of pollutants due to anthropogenic activities wasreported. Evaluation revealed the mean range values of the following parameters; pH, 5.98 – 6.15,turbidity, 2.10 – 7.90 NTU, total suspended solid (TSS), 0.70 – 5.40 mgL-1, total dissolved solid (TDS),18.20 – 49.60 mgL-1, electrical conductivity (EC), 39.60 – 107.90 µScm-1, alkalinity, 20.0 – 34.0 …
Published in International Journal of Chemical Engineering and Processing · Vol. 10, Issue 1, 2024 · pp. 1–12 Read article
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Certificate Issuing and Verification Application Using Blockchain
Abstract: With roughly a million students graduating each year, both those seeking further education and those entering the workforce rely on verifiable certificates. However, traditional paper certificates are vulnerable to counterfeiting, leading to frequent forgeries. To address this concern, this paper proposes a secure and reliable system utilizing blockchain technology for issuing digital certificates. This system creates tamper-proof digital certificates by calculating unique hash values for each electronic certificate and storing …
Published in International Journal of Software Computing and Testing · Vol. 10, Issue 1, 2024 · pp. 21–28 Read article
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Toilets, NBC and a Gendered Perspective
Abstract: The author examines the issue of embedded patriarchy in the norms and standards recommended by the National Building Code of India 2016 with specific reference to provisions for toilets for some public building selected for listing. It demonstrates how this list is incomplete and the consequences thereof in the public realm. Thereafter by analyzing the provision made for the selected buildings it points to aberrations which have continued over three …
Published in International Journal of Architecture and Infrastructure Planning · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2017 · pp. 41–51 Read article
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Analysis of Smoke Production and Movement in Shopping Malls/Centers
Abstract: Malls, like any other retailing centre, are vulnerable to a variety of hazards, including fire, which is a common occurrence in shopping malls. Fires at crowded malls can result in many fatalities as frantic people rush to escape the flames, as well as significant property damage. This computational study explores the possibility of smoke spread and evacuation from dangerous fires in large shopping centers. Large enclosed areas or voids are …
Published in International Journal of Town Planning and Management · Vol. 8, Issue 1, 2022 · pp. 1–23 Read article
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Planning, Estimation, Costing, and Scheduling of Commercial Building using MS Project
Abstract: Planning, estimation, and scheduling are very important in a construction project and it helps toavoid delays in the project. The current project deals with planning, costing, estimation, andscheduling of office buildings. It is a G+5 reinforced concrete framed structure with modern features.The emergency exit and slope have been provided at the opening of the building for hassle-freemovement of disabled people. The building is planned in accordance with the National Building …
Published in International Journal of Construction Engineering and Planning · Vol. 7, Issue 1, 2021 · pp. 14–35 Read article
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INVESTIGATION OF STEEL FIBER REINFORCED CONCRETE CORBELS BY EXPERIMENTAL AND ANALYTICAL METHOD
Abstract: In the present paper, an experimental results and predicted values by truss analogy method, ACI Building Code (ACI 381-83) provisions for corbels, and method given by Fattuhi is investigated. The concrete used in the corbels is of M-60 grade. Test were carried out on 27 samples of size 150 x 150 x 200- mm were shear span was varied from 175 to 200 as shown in table (5) and concrete …
Published in International Journal of Concrete Technology · Vol. 2, Issue 2, 2016 · pp. 23–29 Read article
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Study the Behavior of Single cell Rectangular box girder bridge with the help of AASHTO and IRC loadings
Abstract: Generally bridge carries a road or railway across natural or artificial obstacles such as river, canalor another railway or another road. Bridge construction is one of the difficult traffic infrastructureconstructions. The structural method of different girder bridge having no of girder. The modeling andanalysis of bridge structure is little bit more time consuming and costly as compared to othersstructure. In this paper present an investigation into behaviors like displacement bending …
Published in International Journal of Concrete Technology · Vol. 7, Issue 1, 2021 · pp. 1–6 Read article
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Accidental Torsion in Educational Building due to Random Behavior of Live Load
Abstract: In this paper the shifting of center of mass in an educational building due to random variation in both intensity and position of live load has been calculated. The educational building comprises of various areas which are occupied with different magnitude of live load depending upon their use. These areas are imposed with suitable intensity of imposed load as per IS: 875 and for different positions of these loads the …
Published in International Journal of Structural Engineering and Analysis · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2017 · pp. 17–21 Read article
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Design of Multistoryed Building Using STAAD Pro
Abstract: The chief aim of the current project is to analyze and design a multi-storeyed building [G +5 (3d frame)] using STAAD ProV8i. The design deals with the calculation of the load manually and analysis of the structure is done by STAAD Pro software. The method of design used by STAAD pro as per Indian code is Limit State Design. STAAD.Pro features a state-of-the-art user interface, visualization tools, with advanced finite …
Published in International Journal of Transportation Engineering and Traffic System · Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2017 · pp. 7–16 Read article
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Impact of Aerobic Treatment with Presence of Coconut Shell Media in Treating of Dairy Waste Water
Abstract: The discharge of domestic and industrial waste water to surface or ground water is very dangerous to environment. The treatment of any kind of wastewater should produce effluent with good quality. In this regard choosing an effective treatment system is important. Sequencing batch reactor is a modification of activated sludge process which has been successfully used to treat municipal and industrial waste water. In this case SBR is modified (MSBR) …
Published in International Journal of Water Resources Engineering · Vol. 1, Issue 1, 2015 · pp. 18–22 Read article
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Variation on Water Quality Parameters Including Trace Elements of Brahmani River over a Stretch of Six Districts in Orissa, India
Abstract: Surface water samples from river Brahmani of Orissa, India were collected from 17 locations of 6 districts all along the northwest and southeast of Orissa in three different phases; winter, pre-monsoon and post-monsoon. The collections were done in the month of January, May and September. Samples were tested for each category, viz. physical, chemical and trace elements and their average values were considered for a more approximate comparison. In each …
Published in International Journal of Water Resources Engineering · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2017 · pp. 53–61 Read article
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Water Filtration Through Fly Ash, Sand and Charcol Filter
Abstract: This project focuses on the implementation of a sequential filtration system using fly ash, sand, and activated charcoal filter beds to treat contaminated quarry water and contaminated cleaning water from a rubber factory The goal is to diminish the concentrations of diverse contaminants found in the wastewater and enhance its overall qual The goal is to diminish the concentrations of diverse contaminants found in the wastewater and enhance its overall …
Published in International Journal of Water Resources Engineering · Vol. 9, Issue 2, 2023 · pp. 21–26 Read article
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Effective Use of Various Types of Software Testing and Its Applications to Bug Free Software
Abstract: The significance of software testing lies in its ability to minimize errors, streamline maintenance efforts, and reduce overall costs associated with software development. For now, about the full details of any software development, there is a concept of software development life cycle. It describes the stages of the software development. The software testing process is crucial for executing a program to discover errors and evaluate the characteristics of the software. …
Published in International Journal of Distributed Computing and Technology · Vol. 9, Issue 1, 2023 · pp. 6–10 Read article