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923 articles for “nature”
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Environmental Impacts of Water Pollution
Abstract: Water is required for all life forms to exist. Water is essential for agriculture, industry, fishing, and tourism, among other things, in addition to household uses. Water availability has decreased as the world's population, urbanization, and industrialization have increased. The quality of the water used is also deteriorating as it becomes increasingly polluted. You've probably heard about some of the health harm or adverse consequences of water contamination. This teachable …
Published in International Journal of Environmental Chemistry · Vol. 7, Issue 2, 2021 · pp. 46–49 Read article
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Hydro-Geochemical Analysis of Groundwater of a Micro-Watershed (MWS) of Banas River Basin, Rajasthan, India
Abstract: About 5.25 billion population of the world have depend on groundwater to meet their water needs, and the growth of agriculture and human health have both been significantly affected by groundwater quality. Land use, surface-and-subsurface geology, and soil characteristics all have an effect on groundwater composition, which in turn affects groundwater quality. Fluoride, nitrate, chloride, CaCO3, and salt are the main problem in groundwater quality in Rajasthan. Groundwater quality data …
Published in International Journal of Environmental Chemistry · Vol. 9, Issue 1, 2023 · pp. 1–23 Read article
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Preparation and Characterization of Ce-Si-SBA-15 Modified With Iron
Abstract: Recently environmental concerns have driven the development of specialized catalysts to prevent polluting substances from being released into the environment. New technologies have improvised our understanding of catalytic functions as well as selectivity in order to save the energy and chemicals. Today, catalysis is the workhorse in the chemical industry with approximately >90% of the products produced in catalytic processes. In addition, life cannot exist without catalysis, as virtually all …
Published in International Journal of Chemical Synthesis and Chemical Reactions · Vol. 2, Issue 1, 2016 Read article
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Synthetic Studies on Fused Benzodiazepines: A Class of Medicinally Privileged Heterocycles
Abstract: 1,4-Benzodiazepine is an important nitrogen heterocyclic scaffold because of its presence in various natural products, drugs and biologically active molecules. Henceforth, it is also known as privileged heterocycle in the field of medicinal to synthetic organic chemistry. Reactions towards the synthesis of five- and six- membered heterocycles are very easy and facile. On the other hand, synthesis of medium ring heterocycles is more difficult because of the thermodynamic limitations. Thus …
Published in International Journal of Chemical Synthesis and Chemical Reactions · Vol. 4, Issue 2, 2018 · pp. 44–59 Read article
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Synthesis of Different types of Heterocycles are used by Claisen rearrangement reaction
Abstract: The Claisen rearrangement is a powerful tool for carbon-carbon bond-forming reaction which was discovered by Rainer Ludwig Claisen. The discovery of the Claisen rearrangement nearly a century ago accessible a potentially useful synthetic tool to the organic chemist. Utility of this rearrangement over the decades has been realized and the reaction has drawn the consideration of numerous research groups, which has been showed in the number of publication on the …
Published in International Journal of Chemical Synthesis and Chemical Reactions · Vol. 6, Issue 1, 2020 · pp. 44–48 Read article
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REVIEW ON PREPARATION & APPLICATIONS OF THIADIAZOLE DERIVATIVES
Abstract: This review has touched on thiadiazole derivatives as it is a basis for the synthesis of many drugs, industrial compounds, chemical dyes, pharmaceuticals and life substances, and as a link to many cyclic reactions and is produced in vitro methods for the hydrolysis of the amine-thiol compounds such as thiosemicarbazide and hydrazo-thion, among others. On the different methods of preparation for thiadiazole derivatives, its reactions and its various biological applications., …
Published in International Journal of Chemical Synthesis and Chemical Reactions · Vol. 6, Issue 1, 2020 · pp. 19–30 Read article
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Review Paper on Mannich Bases for Heterocyclic Compound Synthesis
Abstract: Mannich bases are the Lewis bases which are β-amino carbonyl compounds synthesized as the endproducts of well known condensation reaction known as Mannich reaction. These are theaminoalkylation reactions involving the formation of carbon-carbon, carbon-Nitrogen, carbonsulphurbonds. Mannich bases of 2-furylmethylketone, catechol, 4-chlorophenol, derivative ofberberine, lawsone, anisaldehyde, benzaldehyde show diversity of biological activities. Mannichreaction is a carbon-carbon bond forming nucleophilic addition reaction and is a key step in synthesisof a widespread variety …
Published in International Journal of Chemical Synthesis and Chemical Reactions · Vol. 7, Issue 1, 2021 · pp. 39–50 Read article
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Synthesis of Various Products from Different Feed Stocks–an Insight Into Application of Biotechnology
Abstract: Synthesis of various products in energy efficient manner with minimum environmental foot print is important area of research in chemical engineering. Chemical pathways are energy intensive and many of the reactions are high temperature reactions. Many compounds like ethanol, amino acids, and acetic acids can be synthesized by biological methods. Biochemical reactions are low temperature reactions under mild conditions. Use of waste material as feedstock for production of useful compounds …
Published in International Journal of Chemical Synthesis and Chemical Reactions · Vol. 7, Issue 2, 2021 · pp. 18–21 Read article
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SYNTHESIS OF NICOTINE CORE UNIT OF 2-NITRO-3-PHENYLPROPAN-1-OL FROM BAYLIS-HILLMAN ADDUCTS DERIVED FROM NITRO OLEFINS.
Abstract: The Baylis-Hillman adducts derived from nitroolefins have been conveniently transformed into 2- nitro-3-phenylpropan-1-ol via simple reaction condition. These compounds have been demonstrated for the synthesis of reduction olefin is highly biological reactive compounds. This novel nitro derivative of the BH adduct was simply treated with mole percentage of iron and acetic acid in reactive condition. Hence this novel nicotine core unit compounds were very intrusting and new opportunities for the …
Published in International Journal of Chemical Synthesis and Chemical Reactions · Vol. 7, Issue 2, 2021 · pp. 26–30 Read article
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Theoretical Insights Into Structure, Electronic Properties, and Ion-pair Interactions In Organopalladium Salts [Pd(p-XC6H3CHMeNH2) (tmeda)] [BF4] AND [Pd(p-XC6H3CHMeNH2) (tmeda)] [PF6] (X = H, F, Me)
Abstract: The geometries of organopalladium salts [Pd(p-XC6H3CHMeNH2) (tmeda)] [BF4] and [Pd(pXC6H3CHMeNH2) (tmeda)] [PF6] (X = H, F, Me) (I-VI) have been optimized using BP86 and TPSS density functional at dispersion corrected DFT-D3(BJ) method. The optimized geometries of the salt [Pd(C6H4CHMeNH2) (tmeda)] [BF4] using TPSS functional in methanol slvent is in good agreement with available experimental data. The N1-Ha bond distances are longer than the N1-Hb bonds. The counterion strongly affects the …
Published in International Journal of Chemical Synthesis and Chemical Reactions · Vol. 9, Issue 1, 2023 · pp. 11–21 Read article
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Toxicity of Chromium Metal and its impact on Human health
Abstract: Chromium, a transition metal, plays a vital role as a trace element essential for human metabolism. Its presence in various oxidation states is notable, with the trivalent (Cr(III)) and hexavalent (Cr(VI)) forms being the most common and biologically significant. While Cr(III) is recognized for its involvement in insulin signaling and glucose metabolism, Cr(VI) stands out for its toxicity, posing significant risks to both human health and the environment. The extensive …
Published in International Journal of Chemical Synthesis and Chemical Reactions · Vol. 9, Issue 2, 2023 · pp. 16–20 Read article
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Achieving Energy Economy and Sustainable Development by Decentralized Energy Planning in Angkuchen Village, Sikkim A Case Study
Abstract: Energy is the fuel for the growth of human civilization. But what becomes of utmost importance by current trends is proper management of the energy resources. The commercial energy consumption, in current state of affairs, is about 67% of the total energy consumed in India. This includes coal with the largest share of 57%, followed by oil at 28%, natural gas at 12% and hydro energy at 3%. Non-commercial energy …
Published in International Journal of Renewable Energy and its Commercialization · Vol. 1, Issue 1, 2015 · pp. 6–12 Read article
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Jatropha curcas L.: A promising source of Biofuels for Pollution Free Environment
Abstract: Jatropha curcas L. has been propagated as unique and potential tropical plant for augmenting renewable energy sources due to its several merits for which it deserves to be considered as sole plant in the tangible and intangible benefits of ecology and environment. The species has been advocated for extensive plantations on degraded wasteland throughout the world. Presently, this plant has received much attention because of its immense role in bio-diesel …
Published in International Journal of Renewable Energy and its Commercialization · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2017 · pp. 1–7 Read article
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Solar Power – A Renewable Energy and Alternate Energy Sources
Abstract: Renewable energy is sustainable as it is obtained from sources that are inexhaustible (unlike fossil fuels). Renewable energy sources include wind, solar, biomass, geothermal and hydro, all of which occur naturally. Renewable energy, generally speaking, is clean energy and non-polluting. Many forms do not emit any greenhouse gases or toxic waste in the process of producing electricity. It is a sustainable energy source that can be relied on for the …
Published in International Journal of Renewable Energy and its Commercialization · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2017 · pp. 8–14 Read article
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Extraction of Furfural (C5H4O2) from Waste Bagasse of Agricultural Source
Abstract: Furfural is an important liquid organic chemical having yellow oily nature with smell of almonds manufactured from Agro industrial wastes & residues containing carbohydrates known as pentosans and is used in refining of lubricating oils, petroleum, and diesel fuel. The raw material for the production of furfural was bagasse and chemicals such as H2SO4, water and NaCl. Bagasse is a waste product from sugar industry which is good source of …
Published in International Journal of Renewable Energy and its Commercialization · Vol. 5, Issue 1, 2019 · pp. 47–57 Read article
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Energy resources of Pakistan, Issues and crisis
Abstract: Planet has no fair distribution of energy sources. The energy sector needs to undergo a transition from fossil fuel to renewable energies and energy efficient technology to tackle global challenges.Continued economic and human growth depends on oil. In today’s existence, energy is so important that one can't even existence without it. All our acts are energy dependent. Electricity makes a big contribution to the socioeconomic progress and the nation’s national …
Published in International Journal of Renewable Energy and its Commercialization · Vol. 6, Issue 2, 2020 · pp. 26–42 Read article
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Sustainable Development and Renewable Energy in India through Education
Abstract: In this paper we have to discuss about the sustainable development and renewable energy in India through education. This research was featured to perceive in our time is how to sustain our study. It also discusses the multiple difficulties that may be had to face in the course of teaching out to the goal spectator. There has been overhauling of teacher education programmes across the land, Hence it is essential …
Published in International Journal of Renewable Energy and its Commercialization · Vol. 7, Issue 2, 2021 · pp. 11–16 Read article
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Nanofluids for the Synthesis of Solar Thermal Energy
Abstract: The use of Al2O3-Water nano-fluids in a solar flat plate collector to increase solar energy collection and conversion is examined in this research (SFPC). Both experimental and theoretical analysis is done to determine how effective a solar flat plate collectors is while using water as the fluid medium. Al2O3- Water nanofluid was chosen as the fluid medium to increase the SFPC's capacity for solar energy collecting and conversion. A few …
Published in International Journal of Renewable Energy and its Commercialization · Vol. 8, Issue 2, 2022 · pp. 22–25 Read article
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Determination Of Soil Bearing Capacity for a Proposed 3-Storey Agricultural Engineering Complex
Abstract: At the course of the research work, bore- holes were dug at the proposed site and soil samples were collected at depth 1m, 2m, and 3m for geotechnical analysis to determine the suitability of the site for 3-storey Agricultural Engineering complex construction. The laboratory analysis performed yielded the results listed below; It was discovered that the soil's natural moisture content ranged from 11.69% to 13.01%. All samples had an exact …
Published in International Journal of Renewable Energy and its Commercialization · Vol. 9, Issue 2, 2023 · pp. 35–41 Read article
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Kinetics vs. Thermodynamics: An Overview
Abstract: Almost every chemical reaction has a kinetic and a thermodynamic aspect. The terms ‘kinetic’ and ‘thermodynamic’ though inter-related are two different facets of a chemical reaction. Here is an overview of the underlying relationships between the two through application to chemical reactions and an example from natural processes. Keywords: activation energy, chemical reaction, kinetic, reactant, thermodynamics
Published in International journal of Thermodynamics and Chemical Kinetics · Vol. 2, Issue 1, 2016 · pp. 25–27 Read article