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337 articles for “hardness”
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Mechanical properties of Al-Si17Cu3.5Mg0.8 alloy fabricated by stir casting with UV and new CRSS casting process with and without T6 condition
Abstract: Aluminum-Silicon metal matrix composites are the popular materials in the vast majority of the car and modern industries on account of their low weight, high mechanical properties, and incredible wear opposition properties. In the present study, Al-Si17Cu3.5Mg0.8 alloy is fabricated by two casting processes such as stir casting with ultrasonic vibrations (RSC) and merged-rheo-stir-squeeze (CRSS) casting with and without heat treated (T6) condition. Microstructural and material characterization was explored by …
Published in International Journal of Metallurgy and Alloys · Vol. 6, Issue 1, 2020 · pp. 15–24 Read article
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Fabrication and characterization of Aluminum-Granite-Graphite Metal Matrix Composite
Abstract: Moving machine elements are constantly subjected to wear and tear. Machine life can be improved by using hard and wear resistant materials. Most of machine elements are made of metals or alloys. These materials alone cannot meet the requirements of design of long-life machines. Naturally occurring hard materials lack the strength to withstand the machine loads. Composite materials provide the solution to such requirements. Based on requirement, a composite material …
Published in International Journal of Composite Materials and Matrices · Vol. 6, Issue 2, 2020 · pp. 20–30 Read article
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MODELLING OF SAW PARAMETERS AND ITS MECHANICAL PROPERTIES FOR JOINING STRUCTURAL STEELS
Abstract: Ethiopia nearly 85 per cent of people is morality depends on agriculture; the government of Ethiopia emphasis on Farm Mechanization for bringing the improvement in crop production using modern equipment and tools. However, the Modern equipment development needs improved machineries for fabrication. Moreover, the metal joining technology; like Submerged Arc Welding (SAW) available is very advance and made welding of thicker plats and welded structures. Therefore, while using this modern …
Published in International Journal of Polymer Science and Engineering · Vol. 4, Issue 2, 2018 · pp. 34–43 Read article
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Tri-Route Orchestration of Sr-Modification, MoldVibration, and T6 Treatment on the Microstructure andPerformance of A356 Alloy
Abstract: This study examines the cascade effects of chemical modification, mechanical mold vibration during solidification, and subsequent T6 heat treatment on the microstructural evolution and multi-property enhancement of A356 Alloy cast via permanent mold casting. Initially Sodium (Na) modifying flux (2– 4 wt%) and Strontium (Sr) elemental modifier (0.01–0.05 wt%) were implemented to refine the morphology of eutectic silicon; Sr addition at an optimal concentration of 0.04 wt.% yielded superior eutectic …
Published in International Journal of Manufacturing and Materials Processing · Vol. 12, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 13–25 Read article
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Brain-Inspired Computing: The Rise of Neuromorphic AI
Abstract: Neuromorphic computing is an emerging computing paradigm that draws inspiration from the structure and operational principles of the human brain. By integrating ideas from neuroscience, computer design, and materials science, neuromorphic systems aim to deliver high-performance, low-power computation that is suitable for smart data processing. Unlike traditional von Neumann architectures, neuromorphic hardware uses massively parallel processing, event driven computation, and adaptive learning. This paper provides an overview of neuromorphic principles, …
Published in International Journal of Microelectronics and Digital integrated circuits · Vol. 12, Issue 2, 2026 Read article
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Antenna and Beam-Control Optimization of RIS-Assisted 6G Links: Phase Resolution, Directivity and Energy Efficiency
Abstract: This paper presents an antenna-oriented investigation of reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS)-assisted sixth- generation (6G) wireless links, emphasizing practical design factors beyond conventional RIS versus non-RIS bit-error-rate comparisons. Four parameters are evaluated: phase-shifter resolution, reflected-beam directivity, aperture-dependent spectral efficiency, and controller-aware energy efficiency. A Rayleigh-fading binary phase-shift keying (BPSK) link is used for reliability analysis, while the RIS is modeled as a uniformly spaced reflective aperture through its array factor. The …
Published in International Journal of Telecommunications & Emerging Technologies · Vol. 12, Issue 2, 2026 Read article
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IMPLEMENTATION OF VOTING MACHINE TO AVOID RIGGING USING VERILOG HDL
Abstract: With almost 970 million eligible voters, India holds the title of the largest democratic nation. The traditional voting method that used paper was a lengthy process and highly susceptible to mistakes. Electronic voting machines (EVMs) make voting easy, safe, and quick. It decreases the human effort, errors in the time of vote counting. But in the existing EVM there is lack of authentication, i,e one’s vote can be stolen by …
Published in International Journal of Microelectronics and Digital integrated circuits · Vol. 12, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 27–32 Read article
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Deep Reinforcement Learning-Based MPPT for PV Systems Under Partial Shading: A Hybrid Metaheuristic-Optimized Control Framework.
Abstract: Partial shade and quickly changing environmental conditions make Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) in photovoltaic (PV) arrays particularly difficult. In these situations, traditional algorithms frequently fail to find the global optimum or experience sluggish convergence and steady-state oscillations. To obtain reliable, real-time MPPT under non-uniform irradiance, this research suggests a hybrid control architecture that combines a deep recurrent reinforcement learning (DRL) agent with metaheuristic-based parameter optimization and a digital-twin training …
Published in International Journal of Electrical Power System and Technology · Vol. 12, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 35–46 Read article
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Deep Reinforcement Learning-Based MPPT for PV Systems Under Partial Shading: A HybridMetaheuristic-Optimized Control Framework.
Abstract: Partial shade and quickly changing environmental conditions make Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) in photovoltaic (PV) arrays particularly difficult. In these situations, traditional algorithms frequently fail to find the global optimum or experience sluggish convergence and steady-state oscillations. To obtain reliable, real-time MPPT under non-uniform irradiance, this research suggests a hybrid control architecture that combines a deep recurrent reinforcement learning (DRL) agent with metaheuristic-based parameter optimization and a digital-twin training …
Published in International Journal of Electrical Power System and Technology · Vol. 12, Issue 1, 2026 Read article
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Emerging trends and challenges in telecommunications: a review of 5G/6G, softwarization, edge intelligence, IoT security and enabling technologies
Abstract: Telecommunications research over the last decade has accelerated from the deployment and optimization of 5G to early explorations of 6G, driven by demands for extreme data rates, ubiquitous low-latency connectivity, massive device density and novel services such as extended reality (XR) and holographic communications. This review synthesizes recent developments across six interlocking technology areas: radio access and physical-layer advances (5G/6G), network softwarization (SDN/NFV), edge and cloud-native architectures, artificial intelligence for …
Published in International Journal of Telecommunications & Emerging Technologies · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 38–43 Read article
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Building a Secure IoT Ecosystem with TRNGs and VHDL
Abstract: Internet of Things (IoT), which links billions of devices and produces enormous volumes of data, is growing quickly. Although this interconnection offers previously unheard-of potential, it also poses a serious security risk. Robust cryptographic solutions are necessary to protect sensitive IoT data from malevolent actors, and True Random Number Generator(TRNG) is a dependable source of randomness at the core of these solutions. Despite their efficiency, traditional pseudo- random number generators(PRNGs) …
Published in International Journal of Telecommunications & Emerging Technologies · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 9–16 Read article
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A look at friction stir processing for making better surface properties
Abstract: Abstract Friction stir processing is a surface properties modification method consequential from friction stir welding. The process uses a non-consumable tool made up of tool steel material. The tool pin and shoulder plunged in the surface of the base material plates and it mover along the predetermined path. The frictional heat stimulates the plastic deformation during the process & enhances the dynamic recrystallization. The process represents an advanced approach that …
Published in International Journal of Manufacturing and Materials Processing · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 41–47 Read article
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Solar Powered Motion-Activated Camera Based Surveillance System
Abstract: This study presents the design and installation of a solar-powered motion-activated camera aimed at enhancing security while promoting energy efficiency and sustainability. Using a PIR sensor, the system activates only upon detecting motion, reducing unnecessary power usage and data storage. It operates using solar energy, making it suitable for remote areas. With the help of a photovoltaic panel and a rechargeable battery, the system runs only on solar energy, ensuring …
Published in International Journal of Power Electronics Controllers and Converters · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 12–19 Read article
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Enhancing Low Voltage Ride-Through Capability in Wind Energy Conversion Systems Using Phasor
Abstract: This paper presents a comprehensive strategy for enhancing the low voltage ride-through capability in wind energy conversion systems by integrating phasor measurement units, Type-III wind turbine systems, and flexible AC transmission systems devices. The research focuses on double fed induction generators-based wind turbines, which constitute a significant portion of wind energy systems but face challenges in maintaining grid stability during voltage sags. As wind turbines are directly connected to the …
Published in International Journal of Electrical Power System and Technology · Vol. 10, Issue 2, 2024 · pp. 15–40 Read article
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Plotting Precision: Exploring the Capabilities of XY Plotters in Modern Research
Abstract: An XY Plotter machine is proposed in this paper to produce precise and consistent graphical output for customers. It consists of two axis which are perpendicular to each other, each axis has a motorized carriage that moves independently. The precision and accuracy of the axis arm movement allow it to produce detailed drawings, graphs, and diagrams. XY Plotter fulfills the industry’s demand for accuracy and precision. The XY plotter is …
Published in International Journal of Embedded Systems and Emerging Technologies · Vol. 10, Issue 1, 2024 · pp. 17–26 Read article
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Hybrid Methodology for Compression of Remote Sensing Imagery Using Huffman and Run-length Coding
Abstract: The remote sensing imagery generated by the onboard sensors of various satellites are contained in several wavelength bands. These bands constitute high resolution that occupy a lot of storage space and memory. Moreover, the downlink transmission to the ground station for these images requires high bandwidth. Therefore, the high-resolution satellite imagery needs to be compressed so that more number of images can be transmitted without any significant loss of information …
Published in International Journal of Image Processing and Pattern Recognition · Vol. 10, Issue 1, 2024 · pp. 17–24 Read article
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Preparation and Characterization of Double Step StirCusted Aluminum Hybrid Composite Reinforced with RHA and Si3N4 Micron Particles
Abstract: Abstract: The improvement of the mechanical and tribological characteristics of composites is always a crucial area of research for materials scientists. Nowadays, particulate aluminum matrix hybrid composites, known as particle-reinforced hybrid aluminum matrix composites (PHAMCs), are becoming more popular due to their desirable properties, cost-effectiveness, ease of processing, and compatibility withtraditional processing techniques. In this current study, a two-step stir casting method was utilized tocreate aluminum hybrid composites using Al6061 …
Published in International Journal of Manufacturing and Materials Processing · Vol. 10, Issue 1, 2024 Read article
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Vertical Landscaping – A Tool for Sustainable Tall Buildings in Tropical Climates
Abstract: With rapid urbanization there has been an ever increasing demand for office and housing space in cities, resulting in taller building typologies. The large concentration of development in urban centers causes an imbalance to the ecology of the place as it replaces vast quantities of natural reserve and vegetation. In recent decades, this has triggered many environmental issues, the city has become more aware and urban planners are willing to …
Published in International Journal of Landscape Planning and Architecture · Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2017 · pp. 29–37 Read article
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A Study of the Water Quality of CIT Campus
Abstract: The present study the quality of drinking water supplied to the hostels, canteens and campus of Cambridge Institute of Technology, Tatisilwai, through tap, which includes tests for temperature, pH value, total solids, total suspended solids, hardness, acidity, alkalinity, chloride, chlorine, jar test, BOD and DO. Tatisilwai is one of the most important industrial complexes in the state of Jharkhand which has cement manufacturing unit, chemicals, explosives, ceramics and distillery units …
Published in International Journal of Landscape Planning and Architecture · Vol. 5, Issue 1, 2019 · pp. 1–9 Read article
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Theoretical Investigation of the Interactions between Cytochrome C and Some Heavy Metal Ions: A Biophysical Analysis
Abstract: Cytochrome c is located in mitochondria and has an important role in ATP synthesis. In addition to this, this molecule plays an important role in the conversion to water molecule of molecular oxygen. Using chemical equalization principles about chemical hardness and electronegativity concepts, the power of the interactions between chemical compounds, metals and ligands. In the present study, we theoretically analyzed electron transfer mechanisms and the power of the interactions …
Published in International Journal of Industrial Biotechnology and Biomaterials · Vol. 5, Issue 2, 2019 · pp. 27–31 Read article