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2000 articles for “methods” (ranking capped at the first 2,000 matches — narrow the search to see the rest)
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Synthesis of Zeolites: An Overview
Abstract: Zeolites are microporous, aluminosilicate minerals commonly used as commercial adsorbents and catalysts. Zeolite synthesized from CFA is a minor but interesting product, with high environmental applications. Zeolites may be easily obtained from CFA by relatively cheap and fast conversion processes. This paper provides an overview on the methodologies for zeolite synthesis from CFA, and a detailed description of conventional alkaline conversion processes, with special emphasis on the experimental conditions to …
Published in International Journal of Chemical Synthesis and Chemical Reactions · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2017 · pp. 8–14 Read article
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Preparation and Evaluation of Nano pore Faujasite Membranes
Abstract: Nano pore Faujasite zeolite membranes were synthesized by in-situ hydrothermal method on porous ceramic tubes. Hydrothermal crystallization was carried out under an autogenously pressure and at a static condition of 100 oC. Molar composition of the starting gel of Faujasite zeolite membranes were NaX: SiO2/Al2O3=10-27, Na2O/Al2O3=4-9, H2O/Al2O3=250; NaY: SiO2/Al2O3=2.5-4, Na2O/SiO2=1.08-2, H2O/Na2O=30-200. X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns of the membranes exhibited peaks corresponding to the support and the zeolite. The crystal species …
Published in International Journal of Chemical Synthesis and Chemical Reactions · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2017 · pp. 15–24 Read article
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Identification of the Most Stable Guanine Tautomer for Hydroxylation Reaction Mechanism Studies using DFT calculations
Abstract: Abstract: Identifying the most stable tatutomer for reaction mechanism studies is essential. For this reason, the present work was intended to explore the most stable and reactive guanine tautomer. To explore the most stable guanine tautomer a DFT/B3LYP method and level of theory were applied for electronic structure calculation and quantum mechanical description. Guanine was shown to exist in four different tautomeric forms (2AX 19 H, 2AX 17 H, 2AX …
Published in International Journal of Chemical Synthesis and Chemical Reactions · Vol. 4, Issue 1, 2018 · pp. 11–20 Read article
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Green Synthesis of Nickel(II) and Zinc(II) Complexes of Bis(Imine) Schiff base Derived from o-vanilline and m-phenylenediamine.
Abstract: The synthesis of Schiff base ligand derived from aromatic aldehyde (o-vanillin) and m-phenylenediamine via liquid-assisted mechanochemical synthesis (LAG) in the presence of small amount of dimethylformamide were reported. The Schiff base complexes of Ni(II) and Zn(II) were also synthesized mechanochemically and characterized using infra-red spectroscopy, thermogrametric analysis, energy dispersive x-ray analysis, powder x-ray diffraction, UV-Visible analysis, conductivity measurement, magnetic susceptibility measurement and CHN, micro-analysis. Infrared spectral study indicated a strong …
Published in International Journal of Chemical Synthesis and Chemical Reactions · Vol. 6, Issue 1, 2020 · pp. 31–43 Read article
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Overview on the Synthesis and Characteristics of Polystyrene
Abstract: Polystyrene, a synthetic aromatic polymer, is one of the most wide spread polymers in the world. The monomer is styrene (vinylbenzene)- a petroleum based liquid hydrocarbon. Polystyrene can be solid or foamed. It was first discovered by a German apothecary Edmon Simon as far back as in 1839 from the resin of Turkish sweet gum trees. Polystyrene is formed by a polymerization method known as chain growth. Physically, it is …
Published in International Journal of Chemical Synthesis and Chemical Reactions · Vol. 6, Issue 2, 2020 · pp. 26–30 Read article
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Survey on Semicarbazide and Thiosemicarbazide Derivatives
Abstract: This review insurances around semicarbazide and thiosemicarbazide with derivatives throughpresentation of their preparation methods, reactions like cyclization processes. Thiosemicarbazonesand semicarbazones are an important class of ligands for the synthesis of transition metal complexeswith applications in medicine and electrochemistry, also in organic chemistry fields., Tumor is amalignant in addition invasive development or cancer, particularly of epithelium derivation, whichinclines to recur after erasure also may metastasize to other places. It befalls due …
Published in International Journal of Chemical Synthesis and Chemical Reactions · Vol. 7, Issue 1, 2021 · pp. 51–57 Read article
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Synthesis of Various Products from Different Feed Stocks–an Insight Into Application of Biotechnology
Abstract: Synthesis of various products in energy efficient manner with minimum environmental foot print is important area of research in chemical engineering. Chemical pathways are energy intensive and many of the reactions are high temperature reactions. Many compounds like ethanol, amino acids, and acetic acids can be synthesized by biological methods. Biochemical reactions are low temperature reactions under mild conditions. Use of waste material as feedstock for production of useful compounds …
Published in International Journal of Chemical Synthesis and Chemical Reactions · Vol. 7, Issue 2, 2021 · pp. 18–21 Read article
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Experimental Study on Synthesis of Shear Thickening Fluid
Abstract: A novel class of nanosuspension material called shear thickening fluids (STFs) are created by dispersing micro- and nanoparticles in a dispersant. It is an intelligent material with excellent performance. When a modest shear rate is used, STFs are easily distorted. A material with noticeably improved characteristics is produced by this mixture (STF) of flowable and rigid components at a certain composition. Silica nanoparticles dispersed in a liquid polymer solution were …
Published in International Journal of Chemical Synthesis and Chemical Reactions · Vol. 8, Issue 2, 2022 · pp. 1–6 Read article
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Theoretical Insights Into Structure, Electronic Properties, and Ion-pair Interactions In Organopalladium Salts [Pd(p-XC6H3CHMeNH2) (tmeda)] [BF4] AND [Pd(p-XC6H3CHMeNH2) (tmeda)] [PF6] (X = H, F, Me)
Abstract: The geometries of organopalladium salts [Pd(p-XC6H3CHMeNH2) (tmeda)] [BF4] and [Pd(pXC6H3CHMeNH2) (tmeda)] [PF6] (X = H, F, Me) (I-VI) have been optimized using BP86 and TPSS density functional at dispersion corrected DFT-D3(BJ) method. The optimized geometries of the salt [Pd(C6H4CHMeNH2) (tmeda)] [BF4] using TPSS functional in methanol slvent is in good agreement with available experimental data. The N1-Ha bond distances are longer than the N1-Hb bonds. The counterion strongly affects the …
Published in International Journal of Chemical Synthesis and Chemical Reactions · Vol. 9, Issue 1, 2023 · pp. 11–21 Read article
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Antiaging Effect of BSF-Cream on the Skin of Human Being
Abstract: The most innovative and promising areas of aging treatment are primarily found in dermatology, cosmetics, and biological applications. Numerous changes that accompany the aging process of the skin are caused by a confluence of exogenous (toxins, chemicals, pollutants, and UV radiation) and endogenous (gene mutation, cellular metabolism, and hormonal variables). Decline the efficiencies of the body and metabolic activities soon after reaching the stage of maturity are associated with the …
Published in International Journal of Chemical Synthesis and Chemical Reactions · Vol. 9, Issue 2, 2023 · pp. 21–31 Read article
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Development of Empirical Relationships Between Input and Output Parameters of Sponge Iron Process Using Neural Network
Abstract: In the present study, estimation of optimum input parameters corresponding to desired output parameters is carried out for a typical sponge iron process. For this purpose data of rotary kiln of the process are collected. It includes temperatures profiles inside the rotary kiln and flow rates of air, iron ore, feed coal, slinger coal and sponge iron. These data are analysed using ANN and group method of data handling (GMDH) …
Published in International Journal of Renewable Energy and its Commercialization · Vol. 1, Issue 2, 2015 · pp. 6–19 Read article
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Investigation of Thrust Bearing High Temperature in Gas Turbine
Abstract: Gas turbines in electric power generation and various industrial applications has made remarkable improvement in the current scenario in terms of size, efficiency and prominence. In order to maintain the sustainability of high level performance and increased reliability of the gas turbine, it has become mandatory to carryout in depth diagnostic methods and frame maintenance plans. This paper mainly concentrates on the analysis of the repeated tripping of gas turbine …
Published in International Journal of Renewable Energy and its Commercialization · Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2017 · pp. 1–13 Read article
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Extraction of Furfural (C5H4O2) from Waste Bagasse of Agricultural Source
Abstract: Furfural is an important liquid organic chemical having yellow oily nature with smell of almonds manufactured from Agro industrial wastes & residues containing carbohydrates known as pentosans and is used in refining of lubricating oils, petroleum, and diesel fuel. The raw material for the production of furfural was bagasse and chemicals such as H2SO4, water and NaCl. Bagasse is a waste product from sugar industry which is good source of …
Published in International Journal of Renewable Energy and its Commercialization · Vol. 5, Issue 1, 2019 · pp. 47–57 Read article
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Algae-in-oil microbe to generate fuel efficiency
Abstract: AbstractAlgae can be converted into biodiesel, bioethanol, bio butanol, bio hydrogen, bio-jet fuel,green gasoline,bio oil and bio methane through bio-chemical and thermo chemical methods from algal biomass.Microbes grow in high quantities within a short period in dirty water, salt water and any unsuitable environments, lying wastages from power plants, and CO2 rich zones without affecting from changing climates. Nano-particle blend accessed higher combustion of bio-fuel. Waxy lipid of micro-algae made …
Published in International Journal of Renewable Energy and its Commercialization · Vol. 6, Issue 2, 2020 · pp. 10–15 Read article
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Strategies for Electronic Wastes Management for Sustainable and Green Environment in Nigeria
Abstract: Adequate strategies need to be put in place for electrical and electronic waste management, renewable energy commercialization, green societies and sustainable development in Nigeria. This paper examined handling, disposal and management of electronic waste in Nigerian environment. Methodology adopted includes literature reviews of issues on this subject matter, specific site inspection, surveys and secondary data from users and industries with massive electronic waste. It has been discovered that these wastes …
Published in International Journal of Renewable Energy and its Commercialization · Vol. 7, Issue 2, 2021 · pp. 38–46 Read article
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Catalytic Steam recycle of Bio-Oil Produces Hydrogen
Abstract: The "water-gas shift reaction" is a process that combines the vapour and carbon monoxide to produce carbon dioxide and more hydrogen.Steam reforming of actual bio-oil is a more realisticmethod for producing H2 despite substantial research on the heat reform of model compounds (such as ethanol). With a focus on the creation of catalysts for the procedure, this paper covers current developments in the steam reforming of actual bio-oil. Given its …
Published in International Journal of Renewable Energy and its Commercialization · Vol. 8, Issue 1, 2022 · pp. 25–29 Read article
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Characterization and Kinetic Study of Sugarcane Bagasse for the Production of Bio-oil Over Monodispersed Fe2 O3 and ZSM-5 Composite
Abstract: The shortage and price scramble of fossil fuels accompanied by vast CO2 emissions have triggered a worldwide search for alternative and sustainable resources. Wind, solar, geothermal, biomass, and water are the most commonly used alternative energy sources. The biomass residues are typically at low cost and readily availabile, and has been used as feedstocks for synthesis of renewable energy. To produced the bio-fuels from biomass residues, several reaction pathways categorized …
Published in International Journal of Renewable Energy and its Commercialization · Vol. 9, Issue 2, 2023 · pp. 1–13 Read article
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Thermal Decomposition Kinetics of Mefenamic Acid Crystals
Abstract: Single crystals of mefenamic acid were crystallized by gel growth method for the first time in literature. Crystal structure was confirmed using single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Kinetic analysis was made from the isothermal thermogravimetric analysis/differential thermal analysis (TGA/DTA) data using Coats–Redfern (CR) relation. Thermodynamic parameters were also determined. Arrhenius equation for mefenamic acid is k = 0.28 × 109 e–116551/RT mol–1s–1. Keywords: kinetic analysis, mefenamic acid, thermal analysis
Published in International journal of Thermodynamics and Chemical Kinetics · Vol. 2, Issue 1, 2016 · pp. 21–24 Read article
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Preparation of Beta Lactam Compounds and Study of Thermodynamically Behavior
Abstract: Several Lactam derivatives have been prepared by condensation reaction of folic acid with (4-chloroacetophenone and 4-hydroxyacetophenone) in ethanol. Then the resultant compounds (1,2) react with another Schiff bases by reacting of 4- bromobenzaldehyde with an amino acid (Phenylalanine, Tryptophan, Tyrosine and Histidine) to give bis-β-lactam rings. The structures of target compounds were characterized by many spectroscopic methods including NMR, FTIR technique and their melting points. The β- lactam derivatives were …
Published in International journal of Thermodynamics and Chemical Kinetics · Vol. 5, Issue 2, 2019 · pp. 9–15 Read article
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Tetrahydro-dibenzo[a,d][7]annulene-5,11-dihydrazone and Magnesium oxide Used to Control the Corrosion of Aluminium in Chloride ions Environment
Abstract: Chloride ions interact with aluminium in marine atmosphere to form corrosion cell. Due to this corrosion reaction occurs on their surface, aluminium is oxidized into Al3+. The corrosion reaction accelerates deterioration in metal and it produces galvanic, pitting, stress, crevice, intergranular corrosion. Chloride ions decrease internal and external strength of aluminium metal. It is a very important metal so used in different appliances for e.g. road, water, air transports, housing, …
Published in International journal of Thermodynamics and Chemical Kinetics · Vol. 6, Issue 2, 2020 · pp. 35–48 Read article