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30 articles for “Direct bonding”
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Passive Capillary Flow of Dyed Ethanol for Nanofluidics
Abstract: In this experimental work, a single polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) microchannel bend as microfluidic device is fabricated by maskless lithography, hot embossing lithography and direct bonding technique. Dyed ethanol is prepared and used as working liquid in this work. A CMOS camera is used to capture the surface-driven capillary flow of dyed ethanol in the fabricated PMMA microchannel bend. In future, this experimental work may be useful to establish the nanofluidic flow …
Published in International Journal of Applied Nanotechnology · Vol. 7, Issue 1, 2021 · pp. 18–23 Read article
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Short Report on the Passive Microfluidic Flow of Ethanol towards Nanofluidics in Nanotechnology
Abstract: In this experimental work, a single gradual expansion microchannel is fabricated by polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) as polymeric material using author’s own hands-on in the maskless lithography, hot embossing lithography, and direct bonding technique. Dyed ethanol is prepared as working liquid. A CMOS camera catching 25 frames per second with a corresponding time-scale resolution of 0.04 second is used by author to record the surface-driven microfluidic flow of dyed ethanol in the …
Published in International Journal of Applied Nanotechnology · Vol. 7, Issue 2, 2021 · pp. 13–17 Read article
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Experimental Demonstration on Polymer based Microfluidics
Abstract: In this experimental work, a single polymer based gradual expansion microchannel is designed. This microchannel is fabricated by the maskless lithography, hot embossing lithography and direct bonding technique inside the cleanroom laboratory. Dyed water is the prepared working liquid in this work. The surface-driven (passive) microfluidic flow of dyed water is recorded in the fabricated device using a CMOS camera catching 25 frames per second with a corresponding time-scale resolution …
Published in International Journal of Polymer Science and Engineering · Vol. 7, Issue 1, 2021 · pp. 23–26 Read article
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Short Report on the Polymer based Microfluidic Device Fabricated by Lithographic Techniques
Abstract: In this experimental work, a single microfluidic device is fabricated by maskless lithography, hot embossing lithography and direct bonding technique inside the cleanroom laboratory. Microchannel bend is the selected design to fabricate the microfluidic device. Dyed ethanol is selected and prepared as working liquid. The surface-driven capillary flow of dyed ethanol is recorded in the fabricated microchannel bend using a CMOS camera inside the materials-science laboratory. Effect of centrifugal force …
Published in International Journal of Polymer Science and Engineering · Vol. 6, Issue 2, 2020 · pp. 17–20 Read article
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Thermodynamic Explanation on Surface-Driven Capillary Flow of Working Liquids in the Microfluidic Devices Fabricated by Polymers
Abstract: In this experimental work, total 100 individual microfluidic devices are fabricated by polymers using author’s own hands-on completely. A set of straight microchannels, gradual expansion microchannels, sudden expansion microchannels and sudden contraction microchannels are fabricated by SU-8 using the maskless lithography and indirect bonding technique. Another set of straight microchannels, gradual expansion microchannels, sudden expansion microchannels and sudden contraction microchannels are fabricated by PMMA using the maskless lithography, hot embossing …
Published in International journal of Thermodynamics and Chemical Kinetics · Vol. 6, Issue 1, 2020 · pp. 45–70 Read article
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Experimental Studies on the Surface-Driven Microfluidic Flow of Dyed Ethylene Glycol in Polymer Microfluidic Devices
Abstract: In this experimental work, three individual microfluidic devices are fabricated by polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) using maskless lithography, hot embossing lithography and direct bonding technique. Straight microchannel having uniform width along entire channel length is the chosen design of microchannels before fabrication. Dyed ethylene glycol is prepared and used as working liquid. Effect of channel aspect ratio on surface-driven capillary flow of dyed ethylene glycol is studied. CMOS camera is used to …
Published in International Journal of Analytical and Applied Chemistry · Vol. 6, Issue 2, 2020 · pp. 17–22 Read article
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Passive Capillary Flow of Dyed Aqueous Ethanol in the Leakage-Free PMMA Microchannel
Abstract: A single polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) microfluidic device is fabricated by the maskless lithography, hot embossing lithography and direct bonding technique. This device is tested by dyed aqueous ethanol (10% ethanol, 90% dyed water) in leakage-free condition. The passive capillary flow of dyed aqueous ethanol is recorded by a CMOS camera catching 25 frames per second. This work will be useful in commercial bioengineering applications. Keywords: Passive capillary flow, PMMA, Aqueous ethanol, …
Published in International Journal of Renewable Energy and its Commercialization · Vol. 4, Issue 1, 2018 · pp. 12–14 Read article
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Short Experimental Report on the Passive Microfluidic Flow in Fluid Mechanics
Abstract: In this work related to experiments, two individual polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) based microfluidic devices (microchannel bends) are fabricated by the following techniques: (a) maskless lithography, (b) hot embossing lithography, and (c) direct bonding technique. Dyed water is chosen as working liquid in this particular work. The CMOS camera is used to capture each passive microfluidic flow of dyed water in the fabricated devices. The effects of channel aspect ratio and centrifugal …
Published in International journal of Thermodynamics and Chemical Kinetics · Vol. 7, Issue 2, 2021 · pp. 32–37 Read article
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Experiments on the Passive Capillary Flow of Aqueous Ethanol in Sudden Expansion Microchannels towards the Applications in Nanofluidics and Nanoelectromechanical Systems
Abstract: In this work, total three individual sudden expansion microchannels are designed and fabricated by maskless lithography, hot embossing lithography and direct bonding technique inside the cleanroom laboratory. Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) is used as the selected polymer to fabricate these microchannels. Aqueous ethanol (15% ethanol, 85% dyed water) is prepared and used as dyed working liquid. Surface-driven (passive) capillary flow of prepared working liquid is recorded by a CMOS camera corresponding to …
Published in International Journal of Composite and Constituent Materials · Vol. 6, Issue 1, 2020 · pp. 15–22 Read article
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Dielectric Barrier Discharge Plasma Processing on Pristine PMMA Surfaces for Microfluidic Applications towards Applied Nanotechnology
Abstract: In this experimental work, a total of six individual microchannel bends as microfluidic devices are fabricated by maskless lithography, hot embossing lithography and direct bonding technique using polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA). Air dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma processing is the selected surface modification technique in this particular experimental work. Dyed aqueous ethanol (10% ethanol, 90% dyed water) is the prepared working liquid to study the microfluidic flow characteristics. Effect of channel aspect …
Published in International Journal of Composite and Constituent Materials · Vol. 6, Issue 1, 2020 · pp. 1–7 Read article
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Review on the Hot Embossing Technology to Fabricate the Polymer based Microfluidic Devices in Mechanical Engineering
Abstract: Polymers are suitable materials to fabricate the microfluidic devices in mechanical engineering. Hot embossing technology is useful to fabricate these polymer based microfluidic devices. Both of the lithography and direct bonding can be performed by hot embossing technology to fabricate these polymer based microfluidic devices. Polymer microfluidic devices fabricated by the hot embossing technology are useful in multifarious bioengineering applications according to the available literatures. Keywords: Hot embossing, Polymer, Microfluidics, …
Published in International Journal of Polymer Science and Engineering · Vol. 4, Issue 1, 2018 · pp. 34–37 Read article
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Experimental Demonstration on the Recording of Capillary-Filled Microfluidic Devices Fabricated by Polymeric Material
Abstract: In this present experimental work, total 52 individual PMMA microfluidic devices are fabricated by maskless lithography, hot embossing lithography and direct bonding technique in a cleanroom laboratory. The selected working liquids are dyed water, dyed aqueous ethanol and dyed aqueous isopropyl alcohol and are prepared in a materials-science laboratory. Fabricated microfluidic devices are tested by the prepared aqueous working liquids, and each capillary-filled device after the surface-driven microfluidic flow is …
Published in International Journal of Polymer Science and Engineering · Vol. 5, Issue 2, 2019 · pp. 31–41 Read article
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Experimental Studies on the Surface-Driven Microfluidic Flow of Dyed Working Liquids in Sudden Expansion Microchannels Fabricated by Polymer
Abstract: In this experimental work, the sudden expansion microchannels are fabricated by maskless lithography, hot embossing lithography, drilling, direct bonding technique and chip separation technique using own hands-on of author completely. Total 15 individual sudden expansion microchannels are fabricated in this work using polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) as optically transparent polymer. Effects of channel aspect ratio, surface wettability and liquid viscosity on surface-driven microfluidic flow are experimentally studied in the fabricated sudden expansion …
Published in International Journal of Polymer Science and Engineering · Vol. 6, Issue 1, 2020 · pp. 44–59 Read article
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Short Report on the Effect of Atmospheric Dielectric Barrier Discharge Plasma Processing to Control the Capillary Flow in Polymer based Microfluidic Devices
Abstract: In this experimental work, a couple of microfluidic devices are fabricated by polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) using the maskless lithography, hot embossing lithography and direct bonding technique. One device is fabricated by pristine PMMA, and the other device is fabricated by dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma processed PMMA. Dyed water is selected and prepared as working liquid. Each surface-driven capillary flow of dyed water is recorded by a CMOS camera. This work …
Published in International Journal of Polymer Science and Engineering · Vol. 6, Issue 2, 2020 · pp. 1–4 Read article
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Xanthommatin as Agonist for Plant’s Abscisic Acid Receptor PYL10: OCTOPUS SKIN PIGMENT TO HELP PLANTS STOP SWEATING - An in-Silico Evaluation
Abstract: As the world moves from global warming to the global boiling stage, drought conditions will lead to tremendous loss in the realm of agriculture. Abscisic acid, a plant hormone, controls many physiological and developmental processes in plants, such as how they respond to biotic and abiotic conditions. Researchers have synthesized agonists of ABA receptors to get around the problems with natural ABA. The need of the hour is to design …
Published in International Journal of Agrochemistry · Vol. 11, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 1–11 Read article
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Physico-Mechanical Performance of Waste Plant Fiber Reinforced Thermoplastic Composites for Automotive Applications
Abstract: To maximize the interfacial bond strength, it is necessary to investigate the direct relationship between the degree of fiber-matrix adhesion and the mechanical and fracture behavior of composites. In this work, the strength of the interfacial bond between polypropylene (PP) and waste plant fiber (Dharose plant fiber, DF) that have been subjected to ultraviolet radiation (UV) was established. By using hot press molding, unidirectional composites of PP with dharose plant …
Published in International Journal of Chemical Engineering and Processing · Vol. 9, Issue 1, 2023 · pp. 14–24 Read article
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A Study of Thermodynamics of Ligand - Receptor Interaction in Chemical Sciences
Abstract: The formation and separation of definite non-covalent interactions between varieties of macromolecules play a crucial role in the function of biological systems. During the last few years, three main lines of research led to a dramatic improvement of our understanding of these important phenomena. First, combination of genetic engineering and X ray crystallography made available a simultaneous knowledge of the precise structure and affinity of series or related ligand-receptor systems …
Published in International journal of Thermodynamics and Chemical Kinetics · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2017 · pp. 12–16 Read article
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Thermal Effects on Elastic and Rigidity Modulus of Flexible Pavement Wearing Course
Abstract: Laboratory investigation of flexible pavement was carried out using asphalt concrete samples to simulate the behaviour of actual field conditions of a flexible pavement. The study was carried out in order to ascertain the changes that will result in the elastic and rigidity (shear) modulus of flexible pavement when subjected to increasing temperature conditions (thermal effect). The study became pertinent because mechanistic design of flexible pavement requires as input the …
Published in International Journal of Transportation Engineering and Traffic System · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2017 · pp. 1–7 Read article
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A Study to Evaluate the Effectiveness of Structure Teaching programme on Knowledge Regarding Hazards of Radiation Exposure and its Preventive measures among Staff Nurses
Abstract: Radiation is the energy that propagates through matter or space. Radiations are usually classified in to Non-ionizing and ionizing radiation. Ionizing radiation is the main concern for health effects since it can change chemical properties in human body. When radiation pears a body that can deposit energy that can directly damage the DNA in tissue that would eventually cause damage to critical chemical bond in body. So it is necessary …
Published in International Journal of Medical Surgical Nursing · Vol. 1, Issue 1, 2018 · pp. 1–4 Read article
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Comprehensive Review on Bamboo-Based CompositeMaterials for Sustainable Engineering Applications
Abstract: Among various natural resources, bamboo has emerged as a promising reinforcement material due to its rapid growth rate, wide availability, low cost, and excellent specific mechanical properties. Bamboobased composite materials combine high strength-to-weight ratio with renewability, making them attractive for diverse engineering applications. The increasing concerns related to resource depletion, carbon emissions, and end-of-life disposal of synthetic composites further highlight the need for biobased and sustainable material solutions. This review …
Published in International Journal of Composite Materials and Matrices · Vol. 12, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 1–8 Read article