Nanostructures represent a frontier in modern nanotechnology, offering unique
physical, chemical, and biological characteristics that set them apart from their
larger-scale counterparts.This article talks about the most studied and used
nanostructures, such as nanoparticles, nanowires, nanotubes, nanorods, quantum
dots, and 2D materials like graphene and transition metal dichalcogenides
(TMDs). We talk about how they are made, what they look like, and how they
work, focussing on how they are used in electronics, energy storage, catalysis,
biomedicine, and environmental science. The link between structure and
performance, as well as the problems and opportunities that nanostructure
research and commercialisation face now and in the future, are given special
consideration. This review is meant to be a basic resource for researchers,
students, and professionals who want to learn more about the changing world of
nanostructured materials.

Keywords: Nanostructures, nanoparticles, quantum dots, 2D materials, and nanotechnology
applications

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