BACKGROUND:Poly Cystic Ovarian Syndrome is the common endocrine disorder. Poly Cystic Ovarian syndrome [PCOS] is a disease characterized by multiple “Poly” cysts [small sacs filled with fluid] in the ovaries. Irregular menstrual periods among women cause such ovulary dysfunctions and Poly Cystic Ovarian Syndrome [PCOS]1. RESULTS: The study findings shows that body mass index20(50.00%) of women in cases and 21(52.50%) of women in controls are normal, 10(25.00%) of women in cases and 04(10.00%) of women in controls are obese and remaining 10(25%) of women in cases and 15 (37.50%) of women in controls are in underweight, 11(27.50%) of women in cases and 2(5.00%) of women in controls were having irregular menstrual pattern and 29(72.50%) of women in cases and 38(95.00%) of women in controls were having a regular menstrual pattern, 15(37.50%) of women in cases and 26(65.00%) of women in controls were not having peri menstrual symptoms and 25(62.50%) of women in cases and 14(35.00%) of women in controls were having a peri menstrual symptoms, Shows that association of dairy products among women in reproductive ages with selected socio demographic variables, shows that there was significant association with milk at the level of p = 0.001 and coffee at the level of p = 0.001. The other variables were not significant, Shows that association of fast food items and activities among women in reproductive ages with selected socio demographic variables shows that there was significant association with broiler chicken at the level of p= 0.032. The other variables were not significant and Multivariate logistic analysis on risk factors of PCOS among women in reproductive age shows that milk, coffee and broiler chicken had significant risk on developing PCOS among women in reproductive age with OR of 9.7, 5.4 and 3.3 respectively with the p-value of <0.001 and 0.038 respectively. CONCLUSION: The following conclusions were drawn on the basis of findings of the study: The study concludes that the daily consumption of milk and coffee and weekly consumption of broiler chicken are acting as risk factors for PCOS among women in reproductive age.

Keywords: Poly Cystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS), Reproductive age women, Risk factors, Case-control study, Dietary habits

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1. Hung J, Hu L, Tsai S, Yang A, Huang M, Chen P et al. Risk of Psychiatric Disorders following Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study. PLOS ONE. 2014;9(5):e97041. Available from: http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0097041
2. C. DUTTA’S “A text book of gyneacology”, 8th edition, published by Hiralal Konar, Page no-164-166.
3. Ross and Wilson, “A text book of anatomy and physiology”, 13th edition, published by Anne Waugh Page no-44-49
4. Shan B, Cai J, Yang S, Li Z. Risk factors of polycystic ovarian syndrome among Li People. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine. 2015;8(7):590-593. Availablefrom:http://journals.plos.org/plosone=10.137/journal.pone.0167036.
5. Atiqulla shariff G. assessment of risk factors for development of pcos. international journal of contemporary medical research. 2017;4(1):164-167.
6. M.Manimekalai d. A Literature Review on Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome and Data Mining Techniques. Volume 4, Issue 12, December 2014 ISSN: 2277 128X International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Science and Software Engineering. 2017;4(12):780. Available from: http://ijarcsse.com/Before_August_2017/docs/papers/Volume_4/12_December2014/V4I12-0424.pdf.
7. Dia. Fonseca V, Kirkman M, Darsow T, Ratner R. The American Diabetes Association Diabetes Research Care. 2012;35(6):1380-1387. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3357230. Cited on: 17/10/16
8. Annie W.Lin and Maria E. Lujan. An International Review Journal of Advances in Nutrion. Comparison of Dietary intake and Physical Activity between Women with and without Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.2014 sep,5(5) 486-496.Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4188220.
9. Zhang j, Liu XE. Journal of biological regulation Hemostat agents. Environmental risk factors for women with polycystic ovarian syndrome in china: A population based on cases-controls study. 2014 Apr-Jun; 28(2):203-11. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25001653.
10. Moran L, Ko H, Misso M, Marsh K, Noakes M, Talbot M et al. Dietary Composition in the Treatment of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Systematic Review to Inform Evidence-Based Guidelines. Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics. 2013;113(4):520-545. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23727939.
11. Rao, “Cross-sectional study on the knowledge and prevalence of PCOS at a multi-ethnic university” June 2020, Volume 1 Issue-pe0028, Available from: doi 10.1097/pp9.0000000000000028
12. Vaithy k anandraj, “Knowledge, attitude and awareness towards polycystic ovarian syndrome among women of south east coastal population of india,” IP journal of diagnostic pathology and oncology 5(2): 215-219; DOI:10.18231/j.jdpo.2020.041
13. Famuyiwa S.A, “Disease education on knowledge and attitude towards pcos prevention among female postgraduate students of university of Ibadan”, International journal of science and research, April, 2020, Volume 9 Issue 4, DOI:10.21275/SR20317014104
14. Susan Arentz, “Perceptions and experiences of lifestyle interventions in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) as a management strategy for symptoms of PCOS” Nov, 2021, published in BMC Women's Health in volume 21
15. Marzieh Saei Ghare Naz, “A study on Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in adolescents” Published: 22 August 2019, Volume: 12; Pages : 715—723
16. Vaduneme Kingsley Oriji (FWACS), “Prevalence of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) Among Infertile Women Attending Fertility Clinic at a University Teaching Hospital in Nigeria. Gyneacology Women’s Health”, 2019: 15(5): 555922. DOI: 10.19080/JGWH.2019.15.555922
17. Reshma Rajan, “A study on polycystic ovarian syndrome among pharmacy students” published in Jan 2019; page no-121-124.
18. Khushboo Suresh Shinde, “Risk factors of polycystic ovary syndrome among women in reproductive age group attending a tertiary health care hospital in Western Maharashtra” International journal of reproduction, contraception, obstetrics and gyneacology, Vol .8, No.7, 2019, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20193046
19. Syeda Sidra, “A detailed cross-sectional study was conducted on PCOS among women of reproductive age in Abbottabad, Kohat, and Islamabad” Published: October 11, 2019, Available from: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0223329
20. A. Desai, “Study on Prevalence of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and its Associated Risk Factors among Adolescent and Young Girls in Ahmedabad Region” published Indian Journal of Pharmacy Practice, September2018; 11(3):119-125, Research Article DOI:10.5530/ijopp.11.3.27
21. Rebecca L. Thomson, “Study on Perceived exercise barriers are reduced and benefits are improved with lifestyle modification in overweight and obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome” Apirl, 2016, volume 16 published in BMC Women's Health
22. Golnaz Rajesh, “The relationship between intake of dairy products and polycystic ovary syndrome in women who referred to isfahan university of medical science clinics” International Journal of Preventive Medicine, Vol 5, No 6, June, 2014, Page no-688-694
23. Yue Wang, “Coffee consumption and the risk of polycystic ovary syndrome: evidence from a case-control study” sept, 2021,Available from: https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-889597/v1
24. Seema Gul, Journal of Khyber college of dentistry, “Association of broiler chicken intake with polycystic ovarian disease in women of reproductive age” march.2020, Available from: http://www.jkcd.edu.pk

BACKGROUND:Poly Cystic Ovarian Syndrome is the common endocrine disorder. Poly Cystic Ovarian syndrome [PCOS] is a disease characterized by multiple “Poly” cysts [small sacs filled with fluid] in the ovaries. Irregular menstrual periods among women cause such ovulary dysfunctions and Poly Cystic Ovarian Syndrome [PCOS]1. RESULTS: The study findings shows that body mass index20(50.00%) of women in cases and 21(52.50%) of women in controls are normal, 10(25.00%) of women in cases and 04(10.00%) of women in controls are obese and remaining 10(25%) of women in cases and 15 (37.50%) of women in controls are in underweight, 11(27.50%) of women in cases and 2(5.00%) of women in controls were having irregular menstrual pattern and 29(72.50%) of women in cases and 38(95.00%) of women in controls were having a regular menstrual pattern, 15(37.50%) of women in cases and 26(65.00%) of women in controls were not having peri menstrual symptoms and 25(62.50%) of women in cases and 14(35.00%) of women in controls were having a peri menstrual symptoms, Shows that association of dairy products among women in reproductive ages with selected socio demographic variables, shows that there was significant association with milk at the level of p = 0.001 and coffee at the level of p = 0.001. The other variables were not significant, Shows that association of fast food items and activities among women in reproductive ages with selected socio demographic variables shows that there was significant association with broiler chicken at the level of p= 0.032. The other variables were not significant and Multivariate logistic analysis on risk factors of PCOS among women in reproductive age shows that milk, coffee and broiler chicken had significant risk on developing PCOS among women in reproductive age with OR of 9.7, 5.4 and 3.3 respectively with the p-value of <0.001 and 0.038 respectively. CONCLUSION: The following conclusions were drawn on the basis of findings of the study: The study concludes that the daily consumption of milk and coffee and weekly consumption of broiler chicken are acting as risk factors for PCOS among women in reproductive age.

Keywords: Poly Cystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS), Reproductive age women, Risk factors, Case-control study, Dietary habits

🔒 This is a subscription article

Full text is available to subscribers and institutional members. Please choose an option below to access it.

1. Hung J, Hu L, Tsai S, Yang A, Huang M, Chen P et al. Risk of Psychiatric Disorders following Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study. PLOS ONE. 2014;9(5):e97041. Available from: http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0097041
2. C. DUTTA’S “A text book of gyneacology”, 8th edition, published by Hiralal Konar, Page no-164-166.
3. Ross and Wilson, “A text book of anatomy and physiology”, 13th edition, published by Anne Waugh Page no-44-49
4. Shan B, Cai J, Yang S, Li Z. Risk factors of polycystic ovarian syndrome among Li People. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine. 2015;8(7):590-593. Availablefrom:http://journals.plos.org/plosone=10.137/journal.pone.0167036.
5. Atiqulla shariff G. assessment of risk factors for development of pcos. international journal of contemporary medical research. 2017;4(1):164-167.
6. M.Manimekalai d. A Literature Review on Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome and Data Mining Techniques. Volume 4, Issue 12, December 2014 ISSN: 2277 128X International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Science and Software Engineering. 2017;4(12):780. Available from: http://ijarcsse.com/Before_August_2017/docs/papers/Volume_4/12_December2014/V4I12-0424.pdf.
7. Dia. Fonseca V, Kirkman M, Darsow T, Ratner R. The American Diabetes Association Diabetes Research Care. 2012;35(6):1380-1387. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3357230. Cited on: 17/10/16
8. Annie W.Lin and Maria E. Lujan. An International Review Journal of Advances in Nutrion. Comparison of Dietary intake and Physical Activity between Women with and without Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.2014 sep,5(5) 486-496.Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4188220.
9. Zhang j, Liu XE. Journal of biological regulation Hemostat agents. Environmental risk factors for women with polycystic ovarian syndrome in china: A population based on cases-controls study. 2014 Apr-Jun; 28(2):203-11. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25001653.
10. Moran L, Ko H, Misso M, Marsh K, Noakes M, Talbot M et al. Dietary Composition in the Treatment of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Systematic Review to Inform Evidence-Based Guidelines. Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics. 2013;113(4):520-545. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23727939.
11. Rao, “Cross-sectional study on the knowledge and prevalence of PCOS at a multi-ethnic university” June 2020, Volume 1 Issue-pe0028, Available from: doi 10.1097/pp9.0000000000000028
12. Vaithy k anandraj, “Knowledge, attitude and awareness towards polycystic ovarian syndrome among women of south east coastal population of india,” IP journal of diagnostic pathology and oncology 5(2): 215-219; DOI:10.18231/j.jdpo.2020.041
13. Famuyiwa S.A, “Disease education on knowledge and attitude towards pcos prevention among female postgraduate students of university of Ibadan”, International journal of science and research, April, 2020, Volume 9 Issue 4, DOI:10.21275/SR20317014104
14. Susan Arentz, “Perceptions and experiences of lifestyle interventions in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) as a management strategy for symptoms of PCOS” Nov, 2021, published in BMC Women's Health in volume 21
15. Marzieh Saei Ghare Naz, “A study on Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in adolescents” Published: 22 August 2019, Volume: 12; Pages : 715—723
16. Vaduneme Kingsley Oriji (FWACS), “Prevalence of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) Among Infertile Women Attending Fertility Clinic at a University Teaching Hospital in Nigeria. Gyneacology Women’s Health”, 2019: 15(5): 555922. DOI: 10.19080/JGWH.2019.15.555922
17. Reshma Rajan, “A study on polycystic ovarian syndrome among pharmacy students” published in Jan 2019; page no-121-124.
18. Khushboo Suresh Shinde, “Risk factors of polycystic ovary syndrome among women in reproductive age group attending a tertiary health care hospital in Western Maharashtra” International journal of reproduction, contraception, obstetrics and gyneacology, Vol .8, No.7, 2019, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20193046
19. Syeda Sidra, “A detailed cross-sectional study was conducted on PCOS among women of reproductive age in Abbottabad, Kohat, and Islamabad” Published: October 11, 2019, Available from: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0223329
20. A. Desai, “Study on Prevalence of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and its Associated Risk Factors among Adolescent and Young Girls in Ahmedabad Region” published Indian Journal of Pharmacy Practice, September2018; 11(3):119-125, Research Article DOI:10.5530/ijopp.11.3.27
21. Rebecca L. Thomson, “Study on Perceived exercise barriers are reduced and benefits are improved with lifestyle modification in overweight and obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome” Apirl, 2016, volume 16 published in BMC Women's Health
22. Golnaz Rajesh, “The relationship between intake of dairy products and polycystic ovary syndrome in women who referred to isfahan university of medical science clinics” International Journal of Preventive Medicine, Vol 5, No 6, June, 2014, Page no-688-694
23. Yue Wang, “Coffee consumption and the risk of polycystic ovary syndrome: evidence from a case-control study” sept, 2021,Available from: https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-889597/v1
24. Seema Gul, Journal of Khyber college of dentistry, “Association of broiler chicken intake with polycystic ovarian disease in women of reproductive age” march.2020, Available from: http://www.jkcd.edu.pk