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927 articles for “water”
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Synthesis of Zeolites: An Overview
Abstract: Zeolites are microporous, aluminosilicate minerals commonly used as commercial adsorbents and catalysts. Zeolite synthesized from CFA is a minor but interesting product, with high environmental applications. Zeolites may be easily obtained from CFA by relatively cheap and fast conversion processes. This paper provides an overview on the methodologies for zeolite synthesis from CFA, and a detailed description of conventional alkaline conversion processes, with special emphasis on the experimental conditions to …
Published in International Journal of Chemical Synthesis and Chemical Reactions · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2017 · pp. 8–14 Read article
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Nanofluids for the Synthesis of Solar Thermal Energy
Abstract: The use of Al2O3-Water nano-fluids in a solar flat plate collector to increase solar energy collection and conversion is examined in this research (SFPC). Both experimental and theoretical analysis is done to determine how effective a solar flat plate collectors is while using water as the fluid medium. Al2O3- Water nanofluid was chosen as the fluid medium to increase the SFPC's capacity for solar energy collecting and conversion. A few …
Published in International Journal of Renewable Energy and its Commercialization · Vol. 8, Issue 2, 2022 · pp. 22–25 Read article
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Simulation of Heat Generated on Crude Oil Degradation upon the Effect of Temperature in Bacteria Growth Kinetics in a Bioreactor
Abstract: Model was established to simulate the heat generated by bacteria with the interaction of substrate (crude oil) degradation in a bioreactor upon the influence of temperature. The model was predicted by simulating the characteristics of bacteria interaction with substrate at temperature of 15oC, 30oC, 45oC, 60oC, 75oC, 90oC, 105oC and 120oC and heat generated is within the range of -1.0 to 7.1kcal/hr for bacteria in fresh water medium whereas for …
Published in International journal of Thermodynamics and Chemical Kinetics · Vol. 8, Issue 2, 2022 · pp. 39–54 Read article
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Self-Curing of Concrete Incorporated with Polyethylene Glycol
Abstract: Concrete is a combined mixture of cement, aggregates and water with or without suitable admixtures. Curing is the process of sustaining the proper moisture content to stimulate optimum cement hydration immediately after placement and to achieve desirable strength and other properties. In conventional curing of concrete, this is achieved by external supply of water after mixing, placing and finishing of concrete. In practice, the conventional type of curing is very …
Published in International Journal of Construction Engineering and Planning · Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2017 · pp. 35–48 Read article
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Potential of Limestone Powder in the Production of Self Compacting Concrete
Abstract: Self-compacting concrete (SCC) is a cutting-edge building material. It's a smooth, durable concrete that fills the formwork completely. The SCC needs a lot of powder to perform well (mostly cement). However, increasing the cement content is impractical and may result in greater hydration heat and drying shrinkage. This project studies the effect of limestone powder (LSP) on the fresh and hardened appearances of SCC. To evaluate the samples with and …
Published in International Journal of Geological and Geotechnical Engineering · Vol. 7, Issue 2, 2021 · pp. 17–23 Read article
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Predicting the Influence of Permeability’s on Settlement of Shallow Foundation
Abstract: Foundation settlement rose as soil permeability increased, excess pore pressure increased with depth, and decreased as shear modulus increased. The expanding soil cycle (shrinkage and expansion) that is principally responsible for foundation settlement is strongly related to water content. The application of modeling and simulation was used to monitor the effect of various soil properties on foundation settlement. But the focus of this study is on Permeability including other soil …
Published in International Journal of Geological and Geotechnical Engineering · Vol. 9, Issue 1, 2023 · pp. 36–54 Read article
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Assessment and Prediction of Groundwater for Irrigational Suitability
Abstract: Assessment of ground water suitability for irrigation purposes in Egita community has been investigated. The study gave sodium absorption ratio (SAR) values for different weeks of study. The values obtained ranges between 0.33 to 0.37 for both empirical model and finite element method respectively. The research demonstrates the suitability of using finite element method in predicting and monitoring sodium absorption ratio in groundwater water modelling and investigations. The correlation between …
Published in International Journal of Water Resources Engineering · Vol. 7, Issue 2, 2021 · pp. 32–36 Read article
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Review on Energy Resources by Hydropower Plant
Abstract: Water falling from a high potential to a low potential generates hydropower, a renewable energy source. The potential energy of falling water is used to power a hydro turbine, which generates hydro energy. The rotor of the electrical generator is linked to this turbine. The water cycle is reliant on the sunlight. Hydro energy is a type of energy that can be used to operate machinery or generate electricity by …
Published in International Journal of Energetic Materials · Vol. 7, Issue 2, 2021 · pp. 19–25 Read article
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SU-8 Based Glass Microfluidic Device Coated with Deposited Nano-Layer for Future Fabrication of Nanofluidic Microelectromechanical Systems
Abstract: Two SU-8 based glass microfluidic devices are fabricated by maskless lithography and laboratory-made clamping. The inner walls of one device are coated with nano-layer of diamond like carbon (DLC) using the plasma enhanced chemical vapour deposition (PECVD) system. The other device is remained uncoated. A CMOS camera catching 25 frames per second with a corresponding time-scale resolution of 0.04 second is used to record each surface-driven microfluidic flow of dyed …
Published in International Journal of Nanomaterials and Nanostructures · Vol. 6, Issue 2, 2020 · pp. 60–63 Read article
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Bacterial Cellulose Produced by Komagataeibacter saccharivorans BC-C1under different culture conditions: A comparative analysis
Abstract: Bacterial cellulose is a significant biopolymer with various applications because of its remarkable properties, like improved crystallinity, better mechanical strength, a high water- holding capacity, and biocompatibility. The current study aims to investigate how static and agitation culture conditions influence the bacterial cellulose production by Komagataeibacter saccharivorans BC-C1. Under static culturing condition, thick cellulose sheets with a higher yield of 0.94 ± 0.19 g/L were obtained, whereas in agitation culture …
Published in International Journal of Industrial Biotechnology and Biomaterials · Vol. 12, Issue 2, 2026 Read article
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Emulsion Paint Formulation from Black Seed Powder/Soya Bean Oil Copolymer Binder
Abstract: The study focused on creating a water-based paint using a locally accessible pigment (black seed powder) and soya bean oil. Soya bean oil’s hydrophobicity is incorporated into the paint matrix. The physical and mechanical qualities of the developed emulsion paint were tested. Results were positive for tackiness, stability, blistering, flexibility, and chemical resistance. Physical parameters measured included pH (8.35), density (1.09 g/cm3), viscosity (4.2 m2/s), opacity (4.8 m2/l), drying time …
Published in International Journal of Environmental Chemistry · Vol. 12, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 47–52 Read article
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EROSION OF UNDERLYING SOIL
Abstract: Abstract : To protect underlying soil erosion on which foundation base is provided like apron provided in water retaining structure like dam, weir etc. In flood zone area this apron is provided at foundation base of building, near village which is situated near bank of river underlying soil erosion will be prevented when apron is provided. Near bank of river (village situated) for protection of village near bank of river …
Published in International Journal of Geological and Geotechnical Engineering · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 20–25 Read article
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Ensuring Long-Term Durability and Resilience in Concrete Structures
Abstract: Abstract Durable concrete refers to a type of concrete that can effectively resist weathering over a prolongedperiod, maintaining its structural integrity and functionality. Weathering actions include physical,chemical, and environmental factors, such as temperature variations, freeze-thaw cycles, moisture ingress, and exposure to aggressive chemicals. Concrete durability is critical for ensuring the long-term performance and safety of structures. Rainwater, when mixed with air, often contains dissolved gases and chemicals that can penetrate …
Published in International Journal of Concrete Technology · Vol. 11, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 1–5 Read article
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Liquid-Liquid Extraction Strategies for the Isolation of Bioactive Heterocyclic Compounds
Abstract: Liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) is a widely employed technique for the isolation of bioactive heterocyclic compounds from natural products, fermentation broths, and synthetic mixtures. The efficiency of LLE depends on several factors, including solvent selection, pH manipulation, salting-out effects, and temperature control. Conventional solvent systems, such as water-organic solvent pairs, are commonly used, while advanced strategies, including ionic liquids (ILs), deep eutectic solvents (DESs), ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE), and microwave-assisted extraction (MAE), …
Published in International Journal of Chemical Separation Technology · Vol. 11, Issue 1, 2025 Read article
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Modeling the Behavior of Metal Corrosion in Aquatic Environments at Varying Depth
Abstract: The failures of engineering structures situated in the aquatic environment caused by corrosion cannot be over-emphasized. This research work addressed the effects of depths, heavy metals, microbial activities, and physiochemical properties of the water body on the corrosion of submerged metal structures in the water body (the water body is assumed flowing). Model techniques were applied to evaluate the relationship between diffusion and weight loss, as well as velocity and …
Published in International Journal of Metallurgy and Alloys · Vol. 11, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 1–9 Read article
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Green Nanotechnology: Principal Role of Green Nanoparticles in Environmental Remediation and Wastewater Treatment
Abstract: A recent development in nanotechnology is green nanotechnology. The major concerns of this technology are improving health status, ensuring sustainable energy, ensuring sustainable environmental and green economy, and reducing waste. This research is, therefore, concerned with the role of green nanotechnology and the potential role of green nanoparticles in environmental remediation and wastewater treatment. This technology is expected to effectively treat contaminated water, heavy metal-containing water, and polymer waste. Green …
Published in International Journal of Applied Nanotechnology · Vol. 11, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 1–8 Read article
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Strengthening of Foundation for Pavement
Abstract: Abstract The bearing capacity of soil is a critical factor in construction engineering, particularly for designing and constructing pavement foundations. It directly depends on the load intensity the soil can support. For Class AA loading conditions, a minimum bearing capacity of 20 t/m² is required. However, the presence of frequent rain and flash floods often reduces the soil's effectiveness due to water saturation. Saturated soil experiences a 50% decrease in …
Published in International Journal of Construction Engineering and Planning · Vol. 10, Issue 2, 2024 · pp. 9–14 Read article
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Implementation Strategies for Sustainable Irrigation Infrastructures in Nigeria
Abstract: AbstractIrrigation agriculture is critical worldwide, accounting for approximately 70% of total water usage.In Nigeria, implementing effective irrigation strategies is essential to optimize water use and boostagricultural productivity. This paper examines the vital role of civil engineers in developing andapplying sustainable irrigation infrastructure strategies in Nigeria. Currently, irrigation systems facesignificant challenges due to increasing water scarcity and competition. The methodology of thisstudy involves a review of literature and case studies. Various …
Published in International Journal of Water Resources Engineering · Vol. 10, Issue 2, 2024 · pp. 1–14 Read article
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Hybrid Engineering System for Freshwater Production
Abstract: This work focuses on a new engineering design for water resources application. The system includes ahybrid reverse osmosis desalination plant, a solar pond set, and a thermal power plant, which receivesenergy from the pond set and powers the desalination plant. The solar pond set is modular and adaptive,facing variable working conditions and energy demands. The engineering design is feasible andenergetically viable since it uses renewable energy as a power source …
Published in International Journal of Water Resources Engineering · Vol. 10, Issue 1, 2024 · pp. 29–44 Read article
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Sustainable Habitat for Urban Living, Gurugram
Abstract: Mining activity is boon and bane for the society. It has maximum % of GDP growth as well as environment exploitation. Humans are famous for their selfish activity; they take as much they can but forget to return it to mother earth. Land and water are major resources on which human life is dependent. Human get their 99% of food from land resource and only 1% from ocean. By destroying …
Published in International Journal of Urban Design · Vol. 2, Issue 1, 2019 · pp. 18–23 Read article