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117 articles for “Catalyst”
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SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERISATION OF NATURAL FIBRE REINFORCED EPOXY COMPOSITES BASED ON SESAME OIL
Abstract: ABSTRACT Epoxy sheet and its composites were obtained by epoxidised resin and coir fibres respectively. Epoxidisedresin were prepared by condensing sesame oil using hydrogen peroxide and glacial acetic acid as catalyst. The resin was characterisedby spectral studies such as FT-IR and Solvent Absorptivity Percentage of Epoxy Resin and its Composites.The epoxy composites have higher solvent absorptivity percentage in the solvents when compared to that of epoxy resin. The epoxy composites …
Published in International Journal of Polymer Science and Engineering · Vol. 5, Issue 1, 2019 · pp. 38–40 Read article
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Identification of significant parameters for the production of Jatropha biodiesel using preliminary experimentation
Abstract: The current research work is on Jatropha biodiesel for finding the significant parameters in optimum biodiesel yield. The one factor at a time approach is applied in the esterification. The trans-esterification reaction is used by mixing of Jatropha oil and ethanol in the presence of catalyst KOH. After some time two products are formed a Jatropha biodiesel and a glycerin. The density of glycerin is more as compared to biodiesel. …
Published in International Journal of I.C. Engines and Gas Turbines · Vol. 9, Issue 1, 2023 · pp. 1–7 Read article
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Photo-Catalytic Degradation of Dyes Using Graphene Oxide–Dithizone Composite
Abstract: Graphene oxide–dithizone (GO–DTZ) composite was successfully synthesized through the copolymerization of graphene oxide and dithizone to develop an efficient photocatalytic material for wastewater treatment. The dithizone polymer was prepared using a 1:2 molar ratio, while graphene oxide was synthesized via the modified Hummers’ method to obtain highly oxidized graphene sheets with abundant oxygen-containing functional groups. The GO–DTZ nanocomposite was fabricated by ultrasonically dispersing graphene oxide with the synthesized dithizone polymer …
Published in International Journal of Analytical and Applied Chemistry · Vol. 12, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 46–53 Read article
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General and Organic Chemistry Laboratory Experiments for Science, Pre-medical, and Pharmacy Students – Chapter V: Organic Synthesis
Abstract: Organic synthesis can be classified into many types, including simple one-step synthesis, multi-step, one-pot, microwave, or green synthesis. Each type of synthesis takes place through a specific pathway depending on reactants involved, the reaction conditions, the catalyst, the protection group, and the duration of the reaction. In some cases, the required compound can be prepared by more than one procedure, and an expert chemist prefers the procedure by which the …
Published in International Journal of Analytical and Applied Chemistry · Vol. 12, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 8–16 Read article
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Green and Nanotechnology Approaches for the Determination of Tungsten (VI): A Modern Analytical Perspective
Abstract: The determination of tungsten (VI) has gained increasing importance due to its extensive industrial applications and growing environmental relevance. Tungsten is widely used in alloys, catalysts, electronics, and energy systems, leading to its release into environmental matrices such as water, soil, and biological systems. Accurate monitoring of tungsten at trace and ultra-trace levels is therefore essential for environmental assessment and industrial quality control. Conventional analytical techniques, including inductively coupled plasma …
Published in International Journal of Analytical and Applied Chemistry · Vol. 12, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 26–35 Read article
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Utility of Corrosion Inhibitors for the Corrosion Protection of Materials in Hostile Environments
Abstract: The term “inhibitor” refers to a material that reduces the rate of corrosion in an environment when added in trace amounts. As a result, the inhibitor functions as a catalyst for those delays. Inhibitors come in a wide variety of forms and formulations. The two most crucial considerations when choosing materials for industrial applications are cost and safety. Physical criteria are typically simple to achieve, but corrosion resistance presents significant …
Published in International Journal of Energetic Materials · Vol. 12, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 27–34 Read article
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An Energetic Materials for Sustainable Solutions
Abstract: Nanomaterials are typically described as engineered substances possessing at least one dimension between 1 and 100 nm. Materials at the nanoscale display distinctive or enhanced characteristics, such as increased chemical reactivity, superior sensing performance, and improved mechanical properties. Nanotechnology provides a straightforward, rapid, clean, and cost-effective approach for synthesizing a wide range of organic compounds, encouraging many researchers to transition from conventional synthetic techniques. This article aims to highlight the …
Published in International Journal of Energetic Materials · Vol. 12, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 7–12 Read article
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Mountain-Born Architecture: The Lung Vai School in Vietnam
Abstract: Lung Vai School, located in the mountainous Minh Tân region of northern Vietnam, represents a context-sensitive architectural response shaped by geography, climate, and the cultural traditions of the Hmong community. Designed by 1+1>2 Architects and completed in 2020, the school demonstrates how educational infrastructure in remote regions can be realized through vernacular intelligence, material ecology, and participatory construction processes. Rather than relying on imported typologies or industrialized systems, the project …
Published in International Journal of Town Planning and Management · Vol. 12, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 27–35 Read article
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Facile Synthesis and Electrochemical Exploration ofHexagonal Copper Sulfide (CuS) Nanocrystals for Energy Applications
Abstract: Copper sulfide (CuS) is a promising material for a variety of applications, including solar cells, lithium-ion batteries, sensors, and catalysts. In this current study, a facile technique for the synthesis of CuS nanocrystallites at modrate temperature 160°) without the use of any template or additives was reported. The reaction was carried out in a pressure reactor for 24 hours. he crystalline nature of the synthesized CuS nanocrystallites was confirmed using …
Published in International Journal of Nanomaterials and Nanostructures · Vol. 12, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 1–8 Read article
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Mechanistic Insights into Solvent-Controlled Stepwise and Concerted Cycloadditions of the Propadienyl Cation with Oxoamides: A DFT Study
Abstract: AbstractOxazoles constitute an important class of heterocycles with widespread applications in medicinal chemistry and materials science, yet the mechanistic features governing their formation via cationic cycloaddition reactions remain incompletely understood. In this work, we present a comprehensive density functional theory (DFT) investigation into the reaction between the propadienyl cation and oxoamides as a model system for oxazole ring formation. Using the CAM-B3LYP/6–31+G(d,p) level of theory, we systematically compare gas-phase reactivity …
Published in International journal of Thermodynamics and Chemical Kinetics · Vol. 12, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 8–17 Read article
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Facile Synthesis and Electrochemical Exploration ofHexagonal Copper Sulfide (CuS) Nanocrystals for EnergyApplications
Abstract: Copper sulfide (CuS) is a promising material for a variety of applications, including solar cells, lithium-ion batteries, sensors, and catalysts. In this current study, a facile technique for the synthesis of CuS nanocrystallites at modrate temperature 160°) without the use of any template or additives was reported. The reaction was carried out in a pressure reactor for 24 hours. he crystalline nature of the synthesized CuS nanocrystallites was confirmed using …
Published in International Journal of Nanomaterials and Nanostructures · Vol. 12, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 1–8 Read article
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Chemical Engineers at the Nanoscale: MakingNanomaterials That Work
Abstract: The convergence of chemical engineering and nanotechnology has created revolutionary prospects in material design, catalysis, energy storage, and biomedical applications. This article examines the changing responsibilities of chemical engineers in the creation and development of functional nanomaterials – substances designed at the molecular or atomic level to exhibit specific characteristics and functions. The article discusses important synthesis methods such as sol–gel processing, chemical vapor deposition, and self-assembly. It also talks …
Published in International Journal of Chemical Engineering and Processing · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 14–27 Read article
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REVITALIZATION OF WATER SUPPLY AND SANITATION IN NIGERIA THROUGH EFFECTIVE GOVERNANCE AND POLICIES
Abstract: ABSTRACT Effective governance and policies play a vital role and essential pathway in the revitalization of water supply and sanitation in Nigeria. Access to safe water and adequate sanitation remains a critical challenge in Nigeria, undermining public health and socio-economic development. This study aims to explore how politics and governance can be harnessed not as barriers but as catalysts for revitalizing Nigeria’s water and sanitation sector. It investigates the role …
Published in International Journal of Water Resources Engineering · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 38–52 Read article
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Revolutionizing Glass Science: Analyzing the Crystallization Dynamics of Economical Glass-Ceramic Compositions
Abstract: The development of glass-ceramics presents an innovative approach to material science, leveraging the unique properties of non-crystalline glass combined with controlled crystallization. This study investigates the crystallization dynamics of economical glass-ceramic compositions derived from raw materials, such as blast furnace slag and granite rock. We explore the fabrication processes, examining the influence of these raw materials on microstructural interlocking and phase composition. Our findings reveal that specific ratios of slag …
Published in International Journal of Chemical Synthesis and Chemical Reactions · Vol. 10, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 9–15 Read article
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Electrification of the Chemical Industry: A Next-Generation Approach to Sustainable Chemical Synthesis and Greenhouse Gas Mitigation
Abstract: The imperative to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions and transition to sustainable energy sources is driving a paradigm shift in the chemical industry. Electrification, leveraging renewable energy sources, emerges as a next-generation approach to transform traditional chemical synthesis routes, often reliant on fossil fuels and energy-intensive processes. This review explores the burgeoning field of electrified chemical synthesis, focusing on key examples – electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR), electrochemical ammonia (NH3) synthesis, …
Published in International Journal of Environmental Chemistry · Vol. 11, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 104–115 Read article
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Eco-Friendly Chemical Processes: The Role of Green Chemistry in Modern Industries
Abstract: Green chemistry focuses on the development of chemical products and processes that minimize or eliminate hazardous substances, promoting sustainability throughout the chemical life cycle. Unlike environmental chemistry, which studies pollutants, green chemistry proactively designs safer alternatives to prevent environmental damage. This field spans multiple disciplines, including organic, inorganic, analytical, and physical chemistry, with applications across pharmaceuticals, manufacturing, and materials science. Key Principles of Green Chemistry Green chemistry is guided by …
Published in International Journal of Green Chemistry · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2025 Read article
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Eco-Friendly Explorations: A Guide to Sustainable Tourism in India
Abstract: “Sustainable Tourism in India” delves into the growing phenomenon of environmentally conscious tourism in one of the world’s most culturally diverse and multifaceted nations. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of sustainable tourism practices in India, emphasizing eco-friendly destinations, responsible business practices, and community-based initiatives. It examines the environmental, social, and economic challenges of tourism in India and highlights successful case studies that balance growth with sustainability. The study offers …
Published in International Journal of Renewable Energy and its Commercialization · Vol. 10, Issue 2, 2024 · pp. 1–6 Read article
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Innovative Approaches to Molecular Synthesis for Drug Development
Abstract: The rapidly evolving field of drug development continually seeks innovative methodologies to enhance the efficiency, specificity, and scalability of molecular synthesis. This paper explores recent advancements in synthetic chemistry, focusing on techniques that have shown significant promise in addressing the challenges faced in drug discovery and development. Automated Synthesis: The advent of machine learning and artificial intelligence (AI) in synthetic chemistry has led to the development of automated synthesis platforms. …
Published in International Journal of Chemical Engineering and Processing · Vol. 10, Issue 2, 2024 · pp. 9–14 Read article
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Chemical Behavior and Characteristics as Related to Group V Elements in the Periodic Table and Their Electron Structures
Abstract: This research explores the interplay between electron structure and chemical behavior in Group V elements: nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), arsenic (As), antimony (Sb), and bismuth (Bi). Nitrogen’s triple covalent bond relates to its stability and biological significance. Phosphorus’s versatile compounds benefit agriculture. Arsenic’s metalloid properties impact electronics. Antimony’s flame-retardant use highlights its versatility. Bismuth’s low toxicity and diamagnetism make it valuable in medicine and research. These elements showcase how electron …
Published in International Journal of Chemical Engineering and Processing · Vol. 10, Issue 2, 2024 · pp. 5–14 Read article
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Different Method for the Production of OxadiazoleCompounds
Abstract: The creation of procedures for the environmentally friendly synthesis of materials and chemicals isreferred to as "green synthetic protocol." The synthesis of different biologically active compounds isdone through energy-efficient and environmentally safe processes like microwave irradiationtechnology, ultrasound-mediated synthesis, photo-catalysis (ultraviolet, visible, and infraredirradiation), molecular sieving, grinding, and milling techniques, etc. These procedures are regardedas sustainable technology and have gained value as green protocols for the synthesis of novelmedicinal compounds because …
Published in International Journal of Chemical Engineering and Processing · Vol. 10, Issue 1, 2024 · pp. 20–26 Read article